A newly designed femtosecond KBe2BO3F2 device with pulse duration down to 55 fs for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

ABSTRACT

Developing a widely tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) source with a sub-100 fs pulse duration is critical for ultrafast pump-probe techniques such as time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TrARPES). While a tunable probe source with a photon energy of 5.3-7.0 eV has been recently implemented for TrARPES by using a KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF) device, the time resolution of 280-320 fs is still not ideal, which is mainly limited by the duration of the VUV probe pulse generated by the KBBF device. Here, by designing a new KBBF device, which is specially optimized for fs applications, an optimum pulse duration of 55 fs is obtained after systematic diagnostics and optimization. More importantly, a high time resolution of 81-95 fs is achieved for TrARPES measurements covering the probe photon energy range of 5.3-7.0 eV, making it particularly useful for investigating the ultrafast dynamics of quantum materials. Our work extends the application of the KBBF device to ultrafast pump-probe techniques with the advantages of both a widely tunable VUV source and ultimate time resolution.