Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Synopsis: General Aspects and Focus on Bangladesh.
Viruses
; 15(1)2022 12 24.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36680103
ABSTRACT
HEV is the most common cause of acute hepatitis globally. This review summarizes the latest knowledge on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, testing, and treatment of HEV infection. We also focused on Bangladesh to highlight the distinct challenges and the possible remedies. In low-income settings, the virus is mainly transmitted between people by fecal contamination of drinking water causing large outbreaks, and sporadic cases. The disease is usually mild and self-limiting acute hepatitis. Still, pregnant women and their offspring in low-income countries are at particular risk for severe disease, with up to 20% maternal mortality. Despite the high burden of the disease, HEV remains a relatively neglected virus, with detection hampered by costly tests and a lack of suitable treatments. Molecular PCR diagnostics, together with ELISA antibody tests, remain the preferred methods for diagnosis of HEV; however, rapid bedside diagnostics are available and could offer a practical alternative, especially in low-income countries. One vaccine (HEV 239) is only available in China and Pakistan, as efficacy against the other genotypes remains uncertain. The effectiveness trial conducted in Bangladesh might lead the way in gathering more efficacy data and could, together with improved surveillance and raised awareness, dramatically reduce the global burden of HEV.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vírus da Hepatite E
/
Hepatite E
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Viruses
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Noruega