Involvement of Microplastics in the Conflict Between Host Immunity Defense and Viral Virulence: Promoting the Susceptibility of Shrimp to WSSV Infection.
Environ Sci Technol
; 57(31): 11634-11642, 2023 08 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37498082
ABSTRACT
As the concentration of microplastics/microspheres (MPs) in coastal and estuarine regions increases, the likelihood of disease outbreaks and epidemics also rises. Our study investigated the impact of polyvinyl chloride MPs (PVC-MPs) on white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in shrimp. The results revealed that PVC-MPs obviously increased WSSV replication in vivo, leading to a high mortality rate among the larvae and facilitating the horizontal transmission of WSSV. Furthermore, the data of WSSV loads detected together with qPCR, agarose gel electrophoresis, and flow cytometry approaches indicated that PVC-MPs could interact with the virus to prolong survival and maintain the virulence of WSSV at different temperatures and pH values. In terms of host resistance, metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis demonstrated that exposure to PVC-MPs upregulated metabolic concentrations and gene expressions associated with phospholipid metabolism that were associated with innate immunity responses. Particularly, PVC-MPs stimulated the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and induced lipid peroxidation. The inhibition of PC on Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus reduces expression of the innate immunity genes (IFN-like genes Vago4 and Vago5) regulated by STING signaling pathways, resulting in a significant decrease in the shrimp's resistance to WSSV infection. Notably, a recovery operation in which the exposed larvae were transferred to a MPs-free aquatic environment led to decreased WSSV infectivity over time, indicating the restoration of antiviral properties in shrimp. Overall, these findings highlight that MPs promote shrimp susceptibility to WSSV in two aspects host immune defense and viral virulence.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Penaeidae
/
Vírus da Síndrome da Mancha Branca 1
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Sci Technol
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China