Erythritol aggravates gut inflammation and anxiety-like behavioral disorders induced by acute dextran sulfate sodium administration in mice.

Erythritol is a widely used sugar substitute in food and beverages with beneficial and detrimental roles in obesity and cardiovascular diseases, respectively; however, its influence on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and related behavioral disorders is not well understood. Here, we found that erythritol exacerbated gut inflammation by promoting macrophage infiltration and inducing M1 macrophage polarization, thus increasing gut leakage during colitis triggered by acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment. Increased gut permeability can cause neuroinflammation and anxiety-like behavioral disorders. In conclusion, our results revealed a negative role for erythritol in gut inflammation and anxiety-like behavioral disorders induced by erythritol administration in a mouse model of acute colitis, suggesting that erythritol intake control may be necessary for IBD treatment.