Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules in Residents of Ukraine Exposed as Children or Adolescents to Iodine-131 from the Chornobyl Accident.
Thyroid
; 34(7): 890-898, 2024 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38757581
ABSTRACT
Background:
Although childhood exposure to radioactive iodine-131 (I-131) is an established risk factor for thyroid cancer, evidence for an association with thyroid nodules is less clear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between childhood I-131 exposure and prevalence of ultrasound-detected thyroid nodules overall and by nodule histology/cytology (neoplastic/suspicious/non-neoplastic), size (<10 mm/≥10 mm), and number (single/multiple).Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of radiation dose (mean = 0.53 gray, range 0.0003-31 gray) and screen-detected thyroid nodules conducted in 1998-2000 (median population age 21.5 years) in a cohort of 13,243 residents of Ukraine who were under 18 years at the time of the Chornobyl accident on April 26, 1986. Excess odds ratios per gray (excess odds ratio [EOR]/Gy) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression.Results:
Among 13,078 eligible individuals, we identified 358 (2.7%) with at least one thyroid nodule. Significantly increased dose-response associations were found for all nodules and nodule groups with doses <5 Gy except individuals with non-neoplastic nodules. Among individuals with doses <5 Gy, the EOR/Gy for neoplastic nodules (5.35; CI 2.19-15.5) was significantly higher than for non-neoplastic nodules (0.24; CI 0.07-0.74), but the EOR/Gy did not vary by nodule size or number.Conclusions:
Childhood exposure to I-131 is associated with an increased risk of thyroid nodules detected 12-14 years following exposure, and the risk for neoplastic nodules is higher than for non-neoplastic nodules. Analyses of incident thyroid nodules may help clarify dose-response patterns by nodule characteristics and provide insights into thyroid nodule etiology.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide
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Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl
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Radioisótopos do Iodo
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Male
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Thyroid
Assunto da revista:
ENDOCRINOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos