Hydrodynamic Assessment of Explanted Degenerated Transcatheter Aortic Valves: Novel Insights Into Noncalcific and Calcific Mechanisms.
JACC Cardiovasc Interv
; 17(11): 1340-1351, 2024 Jun 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38866457
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The etiology of transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) degeneration is poorly understood, particularly noncalcific mechanisms.OBJECTIVES:
The authors sought to investigate noncalcific and calcific mechanisms of TAV degeneration and evaluate their impact on leaflet function by bench testing, imaging, and histology.METHODS:
TAV explants were obtained from the EXPLANT THV registry and clinical institutions. Hydrodynamic assessment was performed using a heart valve pulse duplicator system under physiological conditions. Micro-computed tomography, high-resolution photography, high speed video, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the morphological appearance, leaflet kinematics, and calcium burden of TAVs.RESULTS:
A total of 14 explants were evaluated 10 self-expanding CoreValve/Evolut TAVs (Medtronic), 3 balloon-expandable SAPIEN 3 TAVs (Edwards Lifesciences), and 1 mechanically expandable Lotus TAV (Boston Scientific). The median patient age at explantation was 73.0 years (Q1-Q3 64.5-80.0 years), with a time to explantation of 4 years 1 month (1 year 5 months to 4 years 11 months). Six TAV explants were found to have leaflet calcification (162.4 mm3; 58.8-603.0 mm3), and 8 had no calcification detectable by micro-computed tomography and histology. All samples had impaired leaflet kinematics. There was no significant difference in the hydrodynamic mean gradient between calcified (47.2 mm Hg; 26.6-74.1 mm Hg) and noncalcified (27.6 mm Hg; 15.2-36.7 mm Hg; P = 0.28) TAVs. Leaflet calcification had a weak but nonsignificant association with the hydrodynamic mean gradient (r = 0.42; P = 0.14).CONCLUSIONS:
TAV function can be severely impacted by noncalcific and calcific mechanisms of tissue degeneration. Importantly, functional stenosis can occur in TAVs in the absence of obvious and significant calcification.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Valva Aórtica
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Desenho de Prótese
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Falha de Prótese
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Calcinose
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Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas
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Sistema de Registros
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Microtomografia por Raio-X
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Hidrodinâmica
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Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter
Limite:
Aged
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Aged80
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
JACC Cardiovasc Interv
Assunto da revista:
ANGIOLOGIA
/
CARDIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Canadá