Red knots in Europe: a dead end host species or a new niche for highly pathogenic avian influenza?
J Gen Virol
; 105(7)2024 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38975739
ABSTRACT
The 2020/2021 epidemic in Europe of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of subtype H5 surpassed all previously recorded European outbreaks in size, genotype constellations and reassortment frequency and continued into 2022 and 2023. The causative 2.3.4.4b viral lineage proved to be highly proficient with respect to reassortment with cocirculating low pathogenic avian influenza viruses and seems to establish an endemic status in northern Europe. A specific HPAIV reassortant of the subtype H5N3 was detected almost exclusively in red knots (Calidris canutus islandica) in December 2020. It caused systemic and rapidly fatal disease leading to a singular and self-limiting mass mortality affecting about 3500 birds in the German Wadden Sea, roughly 1â% of the entire flyway population of islandica red knots. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the H5N3 reassortant very likely had formed in red knots and remained confined to this species. While mechanisms of virus circulation in potential reservoir species, dynamics of spill-over and reassortment events and the roles of environmental virus sources remain to be identified, the year-round infection pressure poses severe threats to endangered avian species and prompts adaptation of habitat and species conservation practices.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vírus da Influenza A
/
Filogenia
/
Vírus Reordenados
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Influenza Aviária
Limite:
Animals
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Gen Virol
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha