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1.
Oral Dis ; 28(8): 2175-2184, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33721362

RESUMO

Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic tumor. Etiopathogenesis and locally aggressive growth properties of ameloblastoma can be attributed to a hypoxic microenvironment conducive to tumor cell survival. Epithelial-derived follicular ameloblastoma cells (EP-AMCs) display enhanced basal autophagy, but the interplay of hypoxia and autophagy in EP-AMCs survival and ameloblastoma recurrence is unclear. We evaluated differential expression of autophagic markers in primary and recurrent ameloblastomas and hypothesized that hypoxia-induced autophagy supports EP-AMC survival. Primary and recurrent ameloblastomas were comparatively assessed for expression levels of pan-cytokeratin, Vimentin, and autophagic markers SQSTM1/p62, LC3, and pS6. EP-AMCs compared with human odontoma-derived cells (HODCs) were subjected to severe hypoxia to determine the interplay of hypoxia and autophagic process in posthypoxia survival. Pan-cytokeratin and SQSTM1/p62 were expressed by both primary and recurrent ameloblastoma epithelial cells while the ameloblastoma connective tissues displayed weak reactivity to vimentin. Under hypoxia, EP-AMC expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, p62, and LC3 were increased while pS6 was decreased posthypoxia. The combined decrease in pS6 and enhanced LC3 in EP-AMCs under hypoxia indicate that EP-AMCs re-establish basal autophagy under hypoxia. Taken together, these suggest a possible role of LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) in ameloblastoma cell survival.


Assuntos
Ameloblastoma , Ameloblastoma/patologia , Autofagia , Hipóxia Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipóxia , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Queratinas/metabolismo , Proteína Sequestossoma-1/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral , Vimentina/metabolismo
2.
Int Dent J ; 65(2): 96-102, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25345503

RESUMO

Although several studies have been conducted to assess dentists' knowledge of and attitudes towards human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS), few have targeted dental assistants. The main aims of this study were to assess the knowledge of and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among dental assistants in Kuwait and to compare the knowledge and attitudes of dental assistants at Kuwait University Dental Center (KUDC) with those of dental assistants in Ministry of Health (MoH) hospitals. The secondary objective was to determine if any intervention was needed to provide more information to dental assistants on HIV/AIDS. A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing questionnaires. The study sample included 85 dental assistants from each of KUDC and the MoH. The questionnaire included questions to assess the assistants' knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS. Statistical data analysis was conducted using SPSS 20.0. Qualitative data were analysed using the Pearson chi-square text for any association or the Z-test for proportion to test the significance of differences. A total of 167 questionnaires were completed, returned and analysed. KUDC dental assistants were found to have significantly more knowledge about HIV/AIDS than their MoH counterparts, whereas the assistants at the MoH clinics displayed a more positive attitude towards patients with HIV/AIDS (P < 0.05). Although dental assistants at KUDC were more knowledgeable than those at the MoH clinics, there are still some misconceptions that need to be addressed, in addition to the negative attitudes displayed by some of the respondents. It would therefore be beneficial to increase awareness about HIV/AIDS patients through lectures, seminars and workshops targeting dental assistants.


Assuntos
Assistentes de Odontologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Kuweit , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
Dent Clin North Am ; 65(3): 509-528, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34051928

RESUMO

Oral medicine practice includes the diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of oral and orofacial diseases and oral manifestations of systemic conditions. Oral medicine specialists in medical and dental settings often require imaging in assessment and treatment of these conditions. This article reviews imaging that may be used in practice, particularly as relevant for facial pain, bone conditions, and salivary gland disease. It reviews imaging that may be considered in a hospital setting for assessment of admitted patients, patient evaluation before surgical procedures, and provision of dentistry in a hospital setting for patients who cannot submit to treatment in an outpatient setting.


Assuntos
Medicina Bucal , Doenças das Glândulas Salivares , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Dor Facial , Hospitais , Humanos
4.
Dent Clin North Am ; 65(3): 623-641, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34051933

RESUMO

Imaging in orthodontics has evolved from cephalometric and extraoral films, manual cephalometric tracings, to digital imaging and intraoral scanners. Software-assisted cephalometric tracings and three-dimensional image analysis have become routine in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Determination of biologic boundaries of orthodontic treatment and evaluation of temporomandibular joints and airway became part of orthodontic assessment. Use of advanced imaging and software to digitally plan the orthognathic surgery and accurately predict a successful outcome are now integral to orthodontic practice. This article discusses radiographic methods used in cephalometric analysis and craniofacial growth and development for a predictable orthodontic assessment and treatment planning.


Assuntos
Ortodontia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ortognáticos , Cefalometria , Ossos Faciais , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional
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