RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In mild gallstone pancreatitis, cholecystectomy decreases the risk of recurrence. This should be performed during the initial hospitalization, but even when this is performed, the hospital stay can be prolonged, with an increase in costs and morbidity. The aim of this study is to compare the complication rate between patients who underwent an early cholecystectomy (<48 hours) vs. a late one (>48 hours). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was performed in the following data bases: PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS and Scielo. Articles on patients with acute, mild gallstone pancreatitis who required a cholecystectomy during their initial hospitalization were included and compared with those undergoing a late cholecystectomy, in order to evaluate the complications, number of days of hospitalization and need for readmission. The quality of the studies and the risks of bias were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 580 articles and summaries were identified which included 3 observational studies and a randomized clinical trial. A total of 636 patients who underwent a cholecystectomy during the initial hospitalization were included,. Ten of 207 (4.83%) in the early cholecystectomy group showed some type of complication, and 19 of 429 (4.42%) in the late cholecystectomy group, with a risk difference of -0.0016 IC 95% ([-0.04]-0.04). Three of the included studies should be considered of low quality and one of high quality. No publication bias was evidenced. CONCLUSION: No differences in complication rate were found between patients who underwent an early cholecystectomy versus a late cholecystectomy; nevertheless, further studies should be carried out in order to confirm these findings.
Assuntos
Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/efeitos adversos , Cálculos Biliares/complicações , Cálculos Biliares/cirurgia , Pancreatite/etiologia , Pancreatite/cirurgia , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
La pancreatitis aguda (PA) es una enfermedad de alta prevalencia e impacto socioeconómico. En nuestro medio la causa principal es la patología biliar. La ultrasonografía endoscópica no siempre está disponible dado su alto costo. Los niveles de alaninoaminotransferasa (ALT) mayores de 150 UI/l se han relacionado con patología obstructiva de la vía biliar. Objetivo: determinar las características de la ALT en nuestra población para diagnosticar el origen biliar de la PA. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC. Se revisaron historias clínicas con diagnóstico de PA de agosto 2010 a marzo 2012. Se analizaron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, de laboratorio, imagenológicos, hallazgos intraoperatorios y diagnóstico etiológico. Resultados: se reclutaron 106 pacientes, 67% mujeres. Se estableció por análisis ROC que los niveles de ALT mayores de 74 UI/l fueron más sensibles y específicos que los de 150 UI/l. Se encontró la relación de ALT mayor de 74 UI/l con hiperbilirrubinemia, ictericia y hallazgos ecográficos compatibles con etiología biliar. Conclusión: existe significancia estadística para ALT mayor a 74 UI/l con etiología biliar (sensibilidad 89%, especificidad 71%) con p <0.001. Se requieren estudios que comparen esta prueba diagnóstica con ultrasonografía endoscópica...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) exhibits high prevalence and high social and economic impact. It is mainly of biliary etiology in our setting. Endoscopic ultrasonography is not always available due to its high costs. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels greater than 150 UI/l have been related to biliary duct obstruction. Objective: to determine ALT features among our population to establish biliary etiology. Materials and Methods: a cross sectional study at Hospital de San José, Bogotá DC. The medical records of all patients with AP from August 2010 to March 2012 were reviewed. Social, demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, intraoperative findings and etiologic diagnosis data were analyzed. Results: 106 patients were recruited, 67% females. An ROC analysis established that at ALT levels greater than 74 IU/l there was greater sensibility and specificity than at ALT levels of 150 IU/l. The relation between greater than 74 UI/l ALT levels with hyperbilirrubinemia, jaundice and ultrasonographic findings compatible with biliary etiology was found. Conclusion: there is statistically significant correlations between ALT levels greater than 74UI/l and biliary etiology (sensibility 89%, specificity 71%), p <0.001. Further studies comparing this diagnostic test with endoscopic ultrasonography are required...
Assuntos
Humanos , Pancreatite , Prognóstico , Colecistectomia , ColedocolitíaseRESUMO
Las técnicas mínimamente invasivas permiten el manejo de cuadros agudos como la colecistitis con buenos resultados en términos de morbimortalidad. Objetivo: analizar los resultados de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en casos agudos atendidos en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC, en el período enero 2010 a enero 2011. Materiales y métodos: serie de casos llevados a colecistectomía laparoscópica. Se revisaron variables clínicas y paraclínicas, duración del cuadro clínico, tiempo en ser llevado al acto quirúrgico, duración de la cirugía, necesidad de conversión y complicaciones. Resultados: de 267 pacientes, 173 (64.8%) fueron mujeres, la edad mediana 43 años (RIQ: 33-56). Ingresaron con cuadro clínico de colecistitis moderada 130 (48%) y severa 2 (0.9%). La fase aguda fue el hallazgo intraoperatorio en 142 casos (53.1%). La correlación histopatológica reveló igual número de casos (126; 48%) con colecistitis aguda y crónica, y solo colecistitis crónica. En los primeros tres días 221 (82.7%) fueron llevados a cirugía. La necesidad de conversión fue de 25 (9.3%) y solo se presentó una muerte (0.3%) en el postoperatorio temprano. Conclusiones: la colecistitis aguda y el cólico biliar son las causas más frecuentes de colecistectomía de urgencias, correspondiendo el hallazgo patológico de fase crónica a episodios de cólico biliar. La intervención quirúrgica temprana se asocia con disminución de morbimortalidad...
Acute conditions such as cholecystitis may be treated with minimally invasive techniques with good results in terms of morbidity and mortality. Objective: to analyze the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis performed at Hospital de San José, Bogotá DC, between January 2010 and January 2011. Materials and Methods: series of cases who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Variables such as, clinical, lab and complementary exams, time period between onset of symptoms and surgery, operative time, conversion rates and complication rates were reviewed. Results: of 267 patients, 173 (64.8%) were females, median age was 43 years (IQR: 33-56). At admission 130 (48%) cases were classified as moderate and 2 (0.9%) as severe cholecystitis. In 142 (53.1%) cases intraoperative findings were interpreted as the acute phase of acute cholecystitis. The histology/pathology correlation revealed an equal number for acute and chronic cholecystitis (126; 48%) and only chronic cholecystitis. 221 (82.7%) patients underwent surgery in the first three days. Conversion was necessary in 25 (9.3%) cases and there was only one death (0.3%) in the early postoperative period. Conclusions: acute cholecystitis and chronic biliary pain are the most frequent causes of emergency cholecystectomy and the pathological finding described as chronic phase corresponded to chronic biliary pain episodes. When performed early, this surgical procedure is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality...
Assuntos
Humanos , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Colecistite Aguda , Mortalidade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
La coledocolitiasis puede ocurrir hasta en el 15% de los casos de colelitiasis. En la era moderna de la colecistectomía laparoscópica se ha planteado un debate sobre el manejo de la coledocolitiasis previo a la realización del procedimiento quirúrgico. Varios estudios han investigado el uso de criterios preoperatorios, como las pruebas de función hepática, los hallazgos ecográficos y la clínica del paciente, para predecir el riesgo de cálculos en el colédoco. Los resultados varían un poco entre los estudios y de ellos se han desprendido diferentes esquemas y algoritmos para orientar el manejo, dentro del cual se incluyen técnicas tradicionales de cirugía abierta y las endoscópicas y laparoscópicas de más reciente aparición.
Choledocholithiasis may occur in up to 15% of cases of cholelithiasis. A debate has been posed in the modern era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on how to handle choledocholithiasis before conducting the surgical procedure. Several studies have analyzed the use of preoperative criteria, such as liver function tests, ultrasound and clinical findings of the patient, in order to predict the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. Results vary between studies and different regimes and algorithms to guide management have derived from them, including traditional open surgery techniques and most recent endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Coledocolitíase , Fosfatase Alcalina , Aspartato Aminotransferases , BilirrubinaRESUMO
Introducción: la perforación duodenal es una de las principales complicaciones de la instrumentación endoscópica de la vía biliar y se encuentra asociada con alta mortalidad. Su manejo tradicional ha sido quirúrgico aunque algunos autores han propuesto el expectante con resultados significativos. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, tipo serie de casos en pacientes con perforación duodenal post CPRE, que fueron manejados en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital de San José, en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2001 y febrero de 2007. Se recolectaron los datos demográficos, las indicaciones del procedimiento, síntomas y tiempo de iniciación, métodos diagnósticos utilizados, hallazgos quirúrgicos y mortalidad. Resultados: en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2001 y febrero de 2007 se realizaron 1.200 CPRE en el Hospital de San José. Trece pacientes fueron diagnosticados con perforación duodenal; el principal síntoma presente en todos fue dolor abdominal, aunque solo en tres de ellos se encontraron signos de irritación peritoneal. La mayoría fueron diagnosticados en forma tardía (más de 24 horas), tres presentaron choque previo al procedimiento quirúrgico, que independiente del tipo de lesión encontrada en cirugía se asoció con mortalidad. De manera retrospectiva se clasificó cada uno de los pacientes según Stapfer et al. El procedimiento quirúrgico de elección fue la exclusión pilórica y la mortalidad fue de 38,46%. Conclusiones: la perforación duodenal secundaria a la CPRE es una entidad poco frecuente, pero asociada con alta mortalidad, la cual aumenta con la severidad de la lesión y el manejo tardío de la misma.
Introduction: duodenal perforation is one of the mayor complications of endoscopic instrumentation of the bile ducts and carries a high death rate. Traditionally duodenal perforation has been managed surgically however some authors advocate an expectant approach obtaining significant results. Ma-terials and Methods: this is a descriptive, retrospective, case series study conducted in patients with ERCP-related duodenal perforation treated by the General Surgery Department at San José Hospital, between February, 2001 and February, 2007. Data was collected on: demographics, indications for ERCP, symptoms and time to diagnosis, diagnostic methods, surgical findings and death rates.Results: 1,200 ERCPs were conducted between February, 2001 and February, 2007 at San José Hospital. Duodenal perforation was diagnosed in 13 patients; abdominal pain was the main symptom present in all patients, however only 3 patients presented signs of peritoneal irritation. Diagnosis was delayed in most of them (achieved after more than 24 hours), 3 patients were in shock prior to surgery and died regardless of the type of lesion found. Patients were classified retrospectively according to the classification proposed by Stapfer et al. The preferred surgical procedure was pyloric exclusion and death rate was 38.46%. Conclusions: duodenal perforation secondary to ERCP is uncommon but carries a high death rate which increases according to seriousness of the lesion and delayed initiation of treatment.