Efficacy of ivermectin against colon cancer induced by dimethylhydrazine in male wistar rats.

Colon cancer (CC) is a common form of cancer worldwide. According to growing incidence of cancer and little information about the possible protective role of Ivermectin (IVM) on colon cancer, this study aimed to investigate the chemoprotective role of IVM against colon cancer induced by Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in Male Wistar Rats. Based on LD50, three doses of IVM (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg) were applied before assayingthe antioxidant status, apoptotic markers, and microscopic analysis. Our result showed that glutathione (GSH) level was significantly increased in low dose of IVM-treated rats. Hight levels of oxidative stress and tissue damage consumed GSH and catalase (CAT), and dismutase (SOD) as indicated by significant drop in the treated groups. mRNA levels of Bax and caspase-3 were upregulated in rats treated with the high dose. Contrastingly, the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly downregulated with high dose. Changes in genes expression proved that IVM triggered apoptosis in treated groups compared to untreated control group. Microscopic analysis showed that rats treated with DMH exhibited high development of colorectal tumor. After induction of colorectal tumor, medium and high dose of DMH induced reduction in medullary carcinoma with great incidence of lymphoid nodules and desmoplastic reaction. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of IVM as an anticancer drug against colon cancer in male Wistar rats.

Inhibition of human amylin aggregation by Flavonoid Chrysin: An in-silico and in-vitro approach.

Islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin), consecrated by the pancreatic ß-cells with insulin, has a significant role to play in maintaining homeostasis of islet cell hormones. Alzheimer's disease is the predominant source of dementia. However, its etiology remains uncertain; it appears that type 2 diabetes mellitus and other prediabetic states of insulin resistance contribute to the intermittent Alzheimer's disease presence. Amylin is abnormally elevated in Type II diabetes patients, accumulated into amylin aggregates, and ultimately causes apoptosis of the ß-cells, and till date, its mechanism remains unclear. Several flavonoids have inhibitory effects on amylin amyloidosis, but its inhibition mechanisms are unknown. Screening a collection of traditional compounds revealed the flavone Chrysin, a potential lead compound. Chrysin inhibits amyloid aggregate formation according to Thioflavin T binding, turbidimetry assay. We report results of molecular interaction analysis of Chrysin with amylin which shows potent binding affinity against amylin. Pharmacokinetics and Drug likeness studies of Chrysin also suggest that it is a potential lead compound. Therefore, Chrysin prevented amylin aggregation.

A possible theranostic approach of chitosan-coated iron oxide nanoparticles against human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) cell line.

Iron oxides have become increasingly popular for their use as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in oncology. This study aimed to improve pharmacological valuable of Fe3O4, which may be use to diagnosis colorectal cancers (CRC). Here, we have developed chitosan (CS) coated Fe3O4 through a cost-effective procedure. First, we determined the characterization of OA-C-Fe3O4 by FTIR, UV-Vis spectra, and TEM. Then, we evaluated the photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) activity of OA-C-Fe3O4 in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT 116). Current results revealed that the light-induced enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity of the nanoparticles (NPs) and caused cell death via the activity of caspase 9/3. The in vitro magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiments in (HCT 116) and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) illustrated that nanohybrid is an effective MRI contrasting agents for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Mesoporous SBA-15 Silica-Loaded Nano-formulation of Quercetin: A Probable Radio-Sensitizer for Lung Carcinoma.

Lung cancer is considered as one of the most serious disease worldwide. The progress of drug carriers based on nonmaterial, which selectively hold chemotherapeutic agents to cancer cells, has become a major focus in biomedical research. This study aimed to evaluate the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of the human lung cancer cells (A-549) by Q-loaded SBA-15 conjugate system. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SBA-15) as host materials for transporting therapeutics medicaments were fabricated for targeted drug delivery toward lung cancer. With the objective of increasing bioavailability and aqueous solubility of flavonoids, SBA-15 was successfully loaded with the quercetin (Q)-a major flavonoid and characterized with the help of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biological investigation on A549 cell line confirmed that the efficacy of Q-SBA-15 is much higher than only Q. Moreover, the apoptotic pathway of synthesized Q-SBA-15 NPs examined that the Q-SBA-15-mediated apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, the newly conjugated Q-SBA-15 system improved the apoptotic fate through caspase-mediated apoptosis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and hence, it can be potentially employed as an anticancer agent for lung cancer.