RESUMO
Plutella xylostella is considered the main pest of cabbage in Brazil and the world, causing damage of up to 100%. Thus, this study evaluated the insecticidal activity of extracts obtained from the fruits, seeds, bark, leaves, and flowers of Handroanthus impetiginosus against the diamondback moth, P. xylostella larvae. The seed extract showed the highest mortality (97.0%) compared to the control treatment. The LC50 values indicated that the seed and flower extracts (0.01003 and 0.01288 mg/L respectively) assumed the highest toxicity to P. xylostella larvae after 24 h of exposure. The results of this study indicated that the seeds extract is the most promising toxic extract, with measured mortality of approximately 97.0% for P. xylostella larvae after 144 h of exposure in kale plants. Seed extract showed the best insecticidal activity. Thus, this extract can be applied to develop an insecticide based on H. impetiginosus seed.
RESUMO
This study demonstrates in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves, bark and flowers from the Handroanthus impetiginosus (Bignoniaceae) plant, recognized as 'Ipê roxo' in Brazil. The extracts were evaluated in male Swiss albino mice via oral administration. Moreover, results of the in vivo paw oedema test induced by carrageenan revealed that extracts of leaves and bark displayed relevant anti-inflammatory activity potential at the dosage of 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg. Likewise, the results obtained for leaves and flowers extracts suggested potent analgesic action in the conventional hot plate test. UPLC/MS analysis of the hydroalcoholic extracts samples identified metabolites belonging to several classes, mainly naphthoquinones and iridoids derivatives as well as flavonoids. Thus, the obtained results indicate that the extracts of H. impetiginosus plant parts could be considered as a complementary herbal medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammation disorders.
RESUMO
Humanity has used propolis since ancient times, and its use as a food supplement has significantly increased. Several reports on propolis´ biological activity and toxicity have highlighted its anti-inflammatory properties, unlike many natural food supplements. This review addresses the anti-inflammatory roles of Brazilian green, brown, and red propolis produced by Apis mellifera, their extracts, isolated compounds, and their mode of action. Despite advances in anti-inflammatory therapies, the development of inflammatory processes in several diseases has been a concern for centuries. Demands for new anti-inflammatory drugs have led to studies on propolis products as diet components to treat and prevent inflammatory disorders. Brazilian green, brown, and red propolis are alternatives for obtaining extracts and compounds of valuable anti-inflammatory properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Currently, propolis is a food supplement, and to the best of our knowledge, several studies have shown that despite advances in anti-inflammatory therapies, the inflammatory process continues to be a significant concern. However, due to the demand for new anti-inflammatory drugs, propolis products as dietary components can be used to treat and prevent inflammatory disorders.