The consumption of culinary preparations and ultra-processed food is associated with handgrip strength in teenagers.

BACKGROUND: A nutrient-poor and hypocaloric diet may be associated with lower handgrip strength (HGS), whereas a high-quality or balanced diet may be associated with higher HGS. However, no study has used the NOVA system for classifying food by their degree of processing. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between food consumption according to the degree of food processing and HGS in Brazilian teenagers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included teenagers aged 18 and 19 years old from the 1997/98 São Luís' birth cohort, Maranhão, Brazil. HGS (kilogram-force) was measured via a Jamar Plus + dynamometer. Food consumption was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The energy intake of culinary preparations (unprocessed or minimally processed food and processed culinary ingredients), processed, and ultra-processed foods was evaluated in percentages and categorized in tertiles. The associations between each food group intake and HGS was estimated via crude and adjusted linear regression models. A directed acyclic graph was used to identify confounding factors. RESULTS: We evaluated 2,433 teenagers, 52.1% of which were girls. For boys, adjusted analysis showed an association between the highest HGS and the 3rd tertile of culinary preparation consumption (ß: 1.95; 95%CI: 0.80; 3.10) and between the lowest HGS and the 3rd tertile of ultra-processed food consumption (ß: -2.25; 95%CI: -3.40; -1.10). Among girls, the consumption of culinary preparations in the 3rd tertile was associated with higher HGS (ß: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.05; 1.46). CONCLUSIONS: Higher consumption of culinary preparations and lower consumption of ultra-processed foods can contribute to reduce the chance of lower HGS in adult life. Interventions to promote the development and preservation of muscle strength should include dietary recommendations.

Association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic factors in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The sleep reduction can change healthy people's hemodynamic control and cardiovascular regulation through increased inflammatory response and altered endothelial function. The objective the study to analyze the association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents in the birth cohort of São Luís (1997/98). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with adolescents participating in the birth cohort of São Luís (1997/98). Sleep duration was evaluated using accelerometer data (Actigraph wGT3X-BT). Glycemia, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglycerides were considered cardiometabolic factors. The Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) was used to identify the minimum set of adjustment for confounding. RESULTS: Out of 1,268 adolescents, 50.3% of them were male. The prevalence of sleep duration of less than 6 h per day was 31.1%. The mean glycemia value was 91.8 mg/dL (± 15.9), DBP was 71.3 mmHg (± 7.5), SBP was 114.9 mmHg (± 12.3), HDL was 48.5 mg/dL (± 11.6), LDL was 89.0 mg/dL (± 25.7), the total cholesterol was 156.0 mg/dL (± 31.1), and triglycerides was 93.6 mg/dL (± 47.2). The crude analysis showed an association between sleep duration and SBP and LDL-c. In the adjusted analysis, the associations did not remain. CONCLUSION: Our study showed no association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic outcomes in adolescents.

Waist circumference, body mass index and waist-height ratio: Are two indices better than one for identifying hypertension risk in older adults?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if the combination of Waist Circumference (WC) and Body Mass Index (BMI) or Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) and BMI measures is superior to the separate indicators in identifying hypertension risk in older adults from southern Brazil. METHOD: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the second wave (2013/14) of a population- and household-based survey carried out with 1197 older adults (778 women). Hypertension (i.e., outcome) was identified by self-report. The independent variables were body mass index (BMI≥27kg/m2), waist circumference (WC≥88cm for women and WC≥102cm for men), waist/height ratio (WHtR≥0.5), and the combined indexes BMI+WC (BMI≥27kg/m2+WC≥88cm for women and WC≥102cm for men) and BMI+WHtR (BMI≥27kg/m2+WHtR≥0.5). The associations were explored using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: The results showed sex differences in all study characteristics. In women, all indicators were associated with the outcome, after adjustments (age, race/color, marital status, schooling, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diabetes). WHtR was the indicator most strongly associated with hypertension (OR=2.97; 95% CI 1.58 to 5.59). For men, only BMI and the combined indicators were associated with hypertension. Combined measures of BMI+WHtR showed a stronger association with the outcome (OR=2.68; IC95% 1.62 to 4.44). CONCLUSION: The associated indicators differed between the sexes. The combination of BMI+WC and BMI+WHtR using current cut-off points may provide an improved measure of hypertension risk.

Anthropometric indicators of obesity as screening tools for high blood pressure in the elderly.

The study objectives were to investigate the indicators of obesity most associated with high blood pressure in community-dwelling elderly and identify among these which one best discriminates high blood pressure. This is an epidemiological, population, cross-sectional and home-based study of elderly people (≥ 60 years, n = 316) residing in northeastern Brazil. The results showed that the body mass index and the body adiposity index were the indicators more closely associated with high blood pressure in both sexes. Both in female and male genders, body mass index showed high values of specificity and low sensitivity values for discriminating high blood pressure, whereas the body adiposity index showed high sensitivity and moderate specificity values. In clinical practice and health surveillance, it is suggested that both indicators be used as screening tools for hypertension in the elderly.

Relationship between BMI and physical performance among older adults.

Our objective was to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults. This was a descriptive and association study, based on secondary data derived from a population-based epidemiological research involving 316 older adults. The BMI was thus classified: <22.0 kg/m(2), underweight; 22.0 ≤ BMI ≤ 27.0 kg/m(2), adequate; >27.0 kg/m(2), overweight. Physical performance was assessed based on "chair stand", "pick up a pen" and walking tests. Associations between BMI and performance at each test were tested by Cox regression for survival analysis with multiple modeling adjusted by gender and age, adopting a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). Individuals with underweight (ßadjusted = 0.64; p = 0.004), performed poorly in the "chair stand" test when compared to individuals with adequate weight. The BMI was a predictor of good physical function, with underweight being more of a limiting factor than overweight.

[Motor performance of the elderly in northeast Brazil: differences with age and sex]. / Desempenho motor de idosos do Nordeste brasileiro: diferenças entre idade e sexo.

The aim of this study was to examine motor performance according to sex and age group in community-dwelling elderly individuals of the Brazilian Northeast. This was a cross-sectional study, which analyzed data of 316 elderly individuals from a population-based household epidemiological survey performed in January 2011. Participants of the study included 173 women (54.7%) and 143 men with an mean age of 74.2 ± 9.8 years. Women presented higher functional decline due to aging and more functional limitations in strength/endurance tests in lower members and locomotion. In both sexes, the prevalence of functional limitation was higher in the age groups 70-79 years and > 80 years, with women showing more limitation after age 70 and men after age 80. Data from this study can aid the planning of interventions for prevention, maintenance or improvement of functional limitation in older people, providing more integrated care.

Metabolic syndrome and its association with changes in modifiable risk factors: Epifloripa aging study.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its association with changes in modifiable risk factors in older adults from southern Brazil. Methods: A longitudinal study was performed with data from EpiFloripa Aging study. We defined MetS by the existence of three or more of the following risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD): waist circumference (WC) (≥ 92 cm in men and ≥ 87 cm in women); fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dl); decreased HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dl in men and <50 mg/dl in women); hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dl) and blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg). We evaluated the changes in modifiable risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, and body mass index) between the two moments of the study (2009/10 and 2013/14). Directed acyclic graph and logistic regression models were used. Results: Among the 599 participants, the prevalence of MetS was 64.0% (95% CI, 58.7-68.9). In the adjusted analysis, those who remained or became persons who are overweight (OR = 4.59; 95% CI: 3.05-6.89) and those who remained or became insufficiently active (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.23-2.98) were more likely to present MetS. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that being or becoming overweight and being or becoming insufficiently active are modifiable factors associated with MetS. These results highlight the need for developing preventive strategies for the observed risk indicators to mitigate the prevalence of MetS in older adults.

Is sleep time associated with handgrip strength in adolescents from the 1997/1998 São Luís Birth Cohort?

This article aims to analyze the association between sleep time and handgrip strength in adolescents belonging to the 1997/1998 São Luís Birth Cohort. This was a cross-sectional study nested in a birth cohort study. One thousand two hundred sixty-nine individuals (18 and 19 years) wore an Actigraph® GTX3+ accelerometer on their wrist 24 hr/day for 7 consecutive days. Handgrip strength was measured using a digital hand dynamometer. We used directed acyclic graphs (DAG) to identify confounding variables. This sample of adolescents was mostly composed of men, with brown skin color, economic class C, which did not work, did not consume alcohol, did not smoke, and never used drugs. The mean value of handgrip strength was 28.2 (±9.3) kgf, and the mean of sleep time was 6 (±1.0) hours per day. The crude analysis showed an association between sleep time and muscle strength. An increase of one hour of sleep reduced the handgrip strength by 1.95 kgf (95%CI:-2.51;-1.39). However, after adjustment for confounders, the association was not maintained (ß:-0.07; 95%CI:-0.48;0.36). Sleep time is not associated with handgrip strength in adolescents in São Luís.

Are Fat Mass and Lean Mass Associated with Grip Strength in Adolescents?

Background: The interaction between lean body mass (LBM) and fat mass index (FMI) with grip strength (GS) has not been explored in the same analysis model in adolescents. This study thus aims to analyze the association between FMI and LBM with GS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the 2016 follow-up of the 1997/98 Birth Cohort of São Luís. Grip strength was assessed by the Jamar Plus + dynamometer. The LBM and FMI indexes were assessed [ratio of the mass (lean or fat-kg) to height (m2)]. The confounding variables identified for the relationship between FMI and LBM with GS in the same analysis model, by directed acyclic graph (DAG), were sex, age, race, work, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, and consumption of ultra-processed foods and culinary preparations, used in the adjusted analysis. Results: A total of 2339 adolescents (52.5% girls) were analyzed. The boys have a higher GS than the girls. In the adjusted analysis, with each increase of 1 kg/m2 in the FMI, GS was reduced by 0.72 kgf for boys and 0.35 kgf for girls. At each increase of 1 kg/m2 in the LBM, GS increased by 2.18 kgf for boys and 1.26 kgf for girls. Conclusions: FMI was associated with lower GS regardless of the LBM. LBM was associated with higher GS regardless of the FMI.

[Self-rated hypertension and anthropometric indicators of body fat in elderly]. / Hipertensão arterial referida e indicadores antropométricos de gordura em idosos.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between self-rated hypertension (sf-H) and anthropometric indicators of body fat and abdominal fat, in elderly of São Paulo. METHODS: Data on 1894 elderly were obtained from the Survey on Aging, Health and Well-being (SABE), 2000. The anthropometric indicators used were: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist/ hip ratio (WHR) and waist/height ratio (WHR). Binary logistic regression analysis, stratified by gender was used. RESULTS: In the final model (adjusted for age, education, smoking, physical activity and diabetes), for both genders BMI had a greater statistical strength, despite the fact that, in women, it is similar to other indicators. With the exception of WHR, in men, sf-H was positively and independently associated with other indicators. CONCLUSION: Results suggest the relevance of those indicators for an early detection of risks for the development of this disease as well as to intervene in its prevention and control.

[Co-occurrence of risk factors to health among university students of a Brazilian tertiary education institution]. / Coocorrência de fatores de risco à saúde em universitários de uma instituição de ensino superior brasileira.

The co-occurrence of risk factors can lead to chronic noncommunicable diseases and even loss of life. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence and analyze sociodemographic characteristics linked to university life associated with the co-occurrence of risk factors among undergraduates. The study consisted of three cross-sectional surveys in 2010, 2012 and 2014 of undergraduates in Bahia, Brazil. The outcome of this study was the co-occurrence of two or more risk factors (lower levels of leisure-time physical activities, overweight/obesity, irregular consumption of fruits/vegetables and self-assessed lack of stress). The association among the variables was conducted by establishing the Prevalence Ratios. A total of 878, 879 and 877 undergraduates participated in the study in the years 2010, 2012 and 2014, respectively. In all three surveys, the prevalence of two or more risk factors was greater than 70%. The co-occurrence of two or more risk factors was associated with women, mature students, undergraduates from the health area and students with more years at university. The conclusion drawn was that the prevalence of two or more risk factors was high and that women were the group that presented higher prevalence of co-occurrence of risk factors in all surveys.

A coocorrência de fatores de risco pode desencadear doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e no extremo, a mortalidade. Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever as prevalências e analisar as características sociodemográficas e de vínculo com a universidade associadas à coocorrência de fatores de risco em universitários. O estudo, composto por três inquéritos transversais, foi realizado com universitários da Bahia, Brasil, nos anos de 2010, 2012 e 2014. O desfecho foi a coocorrência de dois ou mais fatores de risco (menores níveis de atividades físicas no tempo livre, excesso de peso, consumo irregular de frutas/hortaliças e auto avaliação negativa do estresse). A associação com as variáveis foi realizada pelas Razões de Prevalências. Participaram do estudo 878, 879 e 877 universitários nos anos 2010, 2012 e 2014, respectivamente. Nos três inquéritos, a prevalência de dois ou mais fatores de risco foram superiores a 70%. Tiveram maiores prevalências de coocorrência de dois ou mais fatores de risco as mulheres, universitários com idade avançada, da área de saúde e com mais tempo de universidade. Conclui-se que a prevalência de coocorrência de dois ou mais fatores de risco foi elevada e que as mulheres representaram o grupo que se destacou com maiores prevalências desse desfecho em todos os inquéritos.

Association between chronic diseases, multimorbidity and insufficient physical activity among older adults in southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Being active has been shown to have beneficial effects for the health of individuals with chronic diseases. However, data on the association between multimorbidity and physical activity are limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between chronic diseases, multimorbidity and insufficient physical activity among older adults in southern Brazil, according to sex. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional population-based and household-based study derived from the second wave (2013-2014) of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study. METHODS: Insufficiency of physical activity (outcome) was ascertained using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (≤ 150 minutes/week). Eleven self-reported chronic diseases were identified. Multimorbidity was defined from the number of chronic diseases (none; 2 or 3; or 4 or more). The adjustment variables were age, schooling, marital status, income, smoking, alcohol consumption and cognition. Additionally, each chronic disease was adjusted for the others. Associations were tested using logistic regression (crude and adjusted). RESULTS: Among the 1197 participants (≥ 63 years), women (54.0%) were more likely than men (39.6%) to be insufficiently active. In the adjusted analysis, women and men with depressive symptoms, and men with diabetes, were more likely to be insufficiently active than those without symptoms. Multimorbid women were more likely to be insufficiently active, and the magnitude of the effect was strongest for 4 or more diseases. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the associations were sex-specific. Depressive symptoms and multimorbidity were associated with insufficient physical activity among women, while diabetes was associated with insufficient physical activity among men.

Risk factors associated with mortality in young and long-lived older adults in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.

This article aims to investigate risk factors associated with mortality in young (< 80 years) and long-lived (≥ 80 years) older adults in Florianópolis. A longitudinal population-based study of 1702 older adults participants of the EpiFloripa Ageing Study. Deaths were identified through searches in the Mortality Information System. The probability of survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank methods. The effect of risk factors for mortality was evaluated using Cox Regression models, adjusted for gender, family income, leisure physical activity, depressive symptoms, functional disability, falls, smoking, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. The overall survival probability was 89.9% and 52.6% for the young and long-lived older adults, respectively. For younger older adults, the risk of death was higher for males, ex-smokers and those with moderate/severe disability. For the long-lived older adults, only those with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of death. These results reveal different risk profiles of death among younger and older adults and the need for a differentiated look in the health care of this population.

Anthropometric measurements in the elderly of Havana, Cuba: age and sex differences.

OBJECTIVE: We present selected anthropometric data, specific for sex and age group, from a representative sample of elderly subjects living in Havana, Cuba. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, population-based household survey. A total of 1905 subjects (1197 women and 708 men, > or = 60 y of age) were examined between 1999 and 2000 as selected by probabilistic sampling. Data were presented as means and percentiles for body mass; height or stature; body mass index; waist, arm, and calf circumferences; triceps skinfold thickness; and arm muscle circumference; and differences were described according to age (all variables) and sex (body mass index). RESULTS: All anthropometric variables showed a decrease in average values with aging in men and women. The age of 70 y appeared to be the decisive moment for the main anthropometric differences observed. The values in the female group were higher than those in the male group for body mass index and triceps skinfold thickness. An important segment of the population studied had a body mass index lower than normal values. Reductions in subcutaneous fat (indicated by triceps skinfold thickness) and muscle mass (verified by arm, arm muscle, and calf circumferences) with advancing age appeared to be greater among women than among men. CONCLUSION: The present study provides information that can be used for anthropometric evaluation of elderly people in Havana and other urban areas in Cuba. The observations suggest that there is loss of muscle mass and redistribution and reduction of fat mass with age (that is more severe in women).

Premature mortality caused by the main chronic noncommunicable diseases in the Brazilian states.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the variation of the premature mortality rate caused the group of the main chronic noncommunicable diseases. METHOD: This is a time-series ecological study, which used secondary data of the Mortality Information System, from 2006 to 2014, from the 26 federal units and from the Federal District. Deaths caused by circulatory system diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases were included. The trend of adjusted mortality rate was analyzed by segmented linear regression. RESULTS: Premature mortality tended to be reduced in most states, except for Maranhão and Rio Grande do Norte, which presented a stable premature mortality rate. Bahia, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Roraima and all the states from the South, Southeast and Central-West Regions reached the goal of reducing 2% per year in premature mortality caused by main diseases. CONCLUSION: Most of the states showed a reduced mortality rate and are reaching the proposed target.

Quality of life associated with handgrip strength and sarcopenia: EpiFloripa Aging Study.

BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL) is an important measure, and it can be defined as the presence of control, autonomy, self-realization and pleasure. This study aims to verify the association between handgrip strength (HGS), sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity with quality of life (QoL) among community-dwelling older adults in southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses data of the "EpiFloripa Aging" cohort study were carried out. The participants were community-dwelling older adults (60 years and over). QoL was evaluated by CASP-16 Brazil instrument, with a score of zero, representing no QoL, to 48, total satisfaction. The TAKEI hand dynamometer verified the HGS. Sarcopenia was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass/body weight <2 standard deviations below gender-specific means for young adults. Sarcopenic obesity was identified as the concomitant presence of obesity and sarcopenia. Multiple linear regression was performed to estimate the associations. RESULTS: The analytical sample consisted of 584 older adults (652% females). In the adjusted analysis, at each increase of one kgf in HGS there was a 0.24 and 0.18 increase in the QoL score, for females and males, respectively. Sarcopenia was negatively associated with QoL in males, and sarcopenic obesity wasn't associated with QoL. CONCLUSION: QoL was positively associated with HGS for both sexes, and negatively associated with sarcopenia for males. Low HGS, as well as sarcopenia, lead to critical health losses. Interventions that minimize phenotypes related to these conditions are fundamental, but mainly, conditions as severe as these need to be early identified to reduce the impact on QoL.

Anthropometric indicators associated with dementia in the elderly from Florianópolis - SC, Brazil: EpiFloripa Ageing Study. / Indicadores antropométricos associados à demência em idosos de Florianópolis ­ SC, Brasil: Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between dementia and anthropometric indicators in the elderly from Florianópolis. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional population-based survey performed with 1,197 elderly (≥ 60 years) in 2013/2014. Dementia was defined as the combined evidence of low MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) score and moderate/severe disability in the activities of daily living. The independent variables were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), conicity index and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Logistic regression (crude and adjusted) was performed to identify associated factors. RESULTS: Dementia prevalence was estimated at 15.1%. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and depressive symptoms, dementia was positively associated with the upper tertiles of the BMI (OR: 2.32; CI95%: 1.26-4.25), WC (OR: 2.22; CI95%: 1.20-4.11) and WHtR (OR: 2.30; CI95%: 1.19-4.43). CONCLUSION: Results have shown that both obesity and abdominal fat were associated with the outcome, suggesting that BMI, WC and WHtR should be considered in the investigation of this relationship.

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a associação entre demência e indicadores antropométricos em idosos de Florianópolis. Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado com 1.197 idosos (≥ 60 anos) em 2013/2014. A demência foi considerada como a presença conjunta de escore baixo no Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e a incapacidade funcional moderada/grave nas atividades de vida diária (AVD). As variáveis independentes avaliadas foram: índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro da cintura (PC), índice de conicidade e relação cintura/estatura (RCEst). A regressão logística (bruta e ajustada) foi utilizada para identificar os fatores associados. A prevalência estimada de demência foi de 15,1%. Após ajustes para características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida e sintomas depressivos, a demência foi positivamente associada aos tercis superiores do IMC (OR: 2,32; IC95%: 1,26-4,25), PC (OR: 2,22; IC95%: 1,20-4,11) e RCEst. (OR: 2,30; IC95%: 1,19-4,43). De acordo com os resultados, tanto a obesidade quanto a gordura abdominal foram associados ao desfecho, sugerindo que o IMC, o PC e a RCEst. devam ser considerados na investigação dessa relação.

Leisure-time physical inactivity among healthcare workers.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity (LTPI) and associated factors among healthcare workers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cross-sectional study carried out with 2684 healthcare workers from 4 municipalities from the northeast region, Brazil. The LTPI was assessed by dichotomous question. The association between LTPI and the various independent variables was examined through the multinomial logistic regression analysis (crude and adjusted). RESULTS: The prevalence of LTPI was 47.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.01-48.80). The adjusted analysis (sociodemographic and occupational characteristics) showed that women and individuals with higher levels of education were more LTPI (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of LTPI was high among the population investigated, especially among women and individuals with higher education. These results show the importance of developing actions to encourage adherence to physical activity during leisure time among workers, especially among the most vulnerable groups (people with higher education and women), given the benefits of this behavior to health. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(3):251-260.

Sarcopenia and its association with changes in socioeconomic, behavioral, and health factors: the EpiFloripa Elderly Study. / Sarcopenia e sua associação com mudanças nos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde: Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso.

This study aimed to verify the prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with changes in socioeconomic, behavioral, and health factors in the elderly. The longitudinal population-based study included 598 elderly (≥ 60 years) in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, in the South of Brazil. Sarcopenia was defined on the basis of appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) according to gender (ASMI < 7.26kg/m² for men and < 5.5kg/m² for women). We assessed changes that occurred between the two study waves (2009/2010 and 2013/2014) in relation to socioeconomic, behavioral, and health factors. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. Prevalence of sarcopenia was 17% in women (95%CI: 12.4-22.9) and 28.8% in men (95%CI: 21.3-37.7). In the final model, women that continued to consume or that started consuming alcohol (OR = 0.31; 95%CI: 0.11-0.91) showed lower odds of sarcopenia. Women who continued to smoke or that started smoking (OR = 2.55; 95%CI: 1.16-5.58) and/or that remained inactive or became insufficiently active (OR = 2.90; 95%CI: 1.44-5.84) showed higher odds of sarcopenia. For men, no change variable was associated with sarcopenia. The results suggest that continuing or starting to smoke and remaining or becoming physically inactive are preventable and modifiable risk factors for sarcopenia.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a prevalência de sarcopenia e sua associação com mudanças nos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde em idosos. O trabalho, longitudinal e de base populacional, incluiu 598 idosos (≥ 60 anos) de Florianópolis, Sul do Brasil. A sarcopenia foi identificada por meio do índice de massa muscular apendicular (IMMA), de acordo com o sexo (IMMA < 7,26kg/m² para homens e < 5,5kg/m² para mulheres). Foram avaliadas as mudanças ocorridas entre os dois momentos do estudo (2009/2010 e 2013/2014), relativas aos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde. Foram realizadas análises de regressão logística bruta e ajustada. A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 17% (IC95%: 12,4-22,9) nas mulheres e de 28,8% (IC95%: 21,3-37,7) nos homens. No modelo final, as mulheres que se mantiveram ingerindo ou passaram a ingerir álcool (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 0,11-0,91) apresentaram menor chance de ter sarcopenia. Aquelas que permaneceram fumando ou passaram a fumar (OR = 2,55; IC95%: 1,16-5,58) e se mantiveram ou passaram a ser insuficientemente ativas (OR = 2,90; IC95%: 1,44-5,84) apresentaram mais chance de ter sarcopenia. Para os homens, nenhuma variável de mudança foi associada a sarcopenia. Os resultados sugerem que manter-se fumando ou passar a ter o hábito de fumar, assim como permanecer ou passar a ser inativo fisicamente, são fatores de risco preveníveis e modificáveis para a sarcopenia.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue verificar la prevalencia de sarcopenia y su asociación con cambios en factores socioeconómicos, comportamentales y de salud en ancianos. El trabajo, longitudinal y de base poblacional, incluyó a 598 adultos mayores (≥ 60 años) de Florianópolis, sur de Brasil. La sarcopenia se identificó mediante el índice de masa muscular apendicular (IMMA), de acuerdo con el sexo (IMMA < 7,26kg/m² para hombres y < 5,5kg/m² para mujeres). Se evaluaron los cambios ocurridos entre los dos momentos del estudio (2009/2010 y 2013/2014), referentes a factores socioeconómicos, comportamentales y de salud. Se realizaron análisis de regresión logística bruta y ajustada. La prevalencia de sarcopenia fue de 17% (IC95%: 12,4-22,9) en las mujeres y de 28,8% (IC95%: 21,3-37,7) en los hombres. En el modelo final, las mujeres que se mantuvieron ingiriendo o empezaron a ingerir alcohol (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 0,11-0,91) presentaron una menor oportunidad de sufrir sarcopenia. Aquellas que permanecieron fumando o empezaron a fumar (OR = 2,55; IC95%: 1,16-5,58) y se mantuvieron o empezaron a ser insuficientemente activas (OR = 2,90; IC95%: 1,44-5,84) presentaron más oportunidad de sufrir sarcopenia. Para los hombres, ninguna variable de cambio se asoció a la sarcopenia. Los resultados sugieren que mantenerse fumando o pasar a tener el hábito de fumar, así como permanecer o pasar a estar inactivo físicamente, son factores de riesgo prevenibles y modificables en el caso de la sarcopenia.

Simultaneity of leisure behaviors and common mental disorders among healthcare workers.

The objective of this study was to investigate the aggregation of four leisure behaviors and the association between the number of leisure behaviors and common mental disorders (CMD). A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of healthcare workers of Brazil. The aggregation of the types of leisure activities was assessed by comparing the observed prevalence with the expected prevalence. The logistic regression analysis evaluated the association between the number of leisure behaviors and CMD. Leisure behaviors tended to show aggregation (<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed a negative association between the number of leisure behaviors and the CMD, only among women. The results indicate that the association between the number of leisure behaviors and the CMD is different depending on sex.