[Rare case of primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma]. / Primer myxoid tüdosarcoma ritka esete.

Mesenchymal tumors of the lungs are rare, mostly aggressive, with a high metastatic rate, representing only 0.013-1.1% of all pulmonary malignancies. Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma is an extremely rare type of lung sarcoma and stands as a separate entity in the 2015 WHO classification, characterized by EWSR1-CREB fusion gene. So far, 37 myxoid sarcoma cases have been reported. We offer an overview of the most important characteristics of pulmonary myxoid sarcoma and differential diagnosis, while reviewing the reported cases. We present the case of a 47-year-old patient with pulmonary myxoid sarcoma, who was diagnosed with a right central pulmonary mass, showing rapid endobronchial progression, complicated by empyema. EWSR1 gene translocation could not be detected. During chemotherapy, tumor progression occurred. Molecular genetic examinations revealed MET gene exon 14 skipping mutation, based on which tyrosine-kinase inhibitor treatment was administered. Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma can be classified as a nonvascular, spindle cell entity of mesenchymal tumors, with the characteristic EWSR1-CREB1 gene translocation. The male-female ratio is similar, with a slightly higher incidence in middle-aged women (1.5 : 1). Patients' average age is 44 years; with predilection in the right upper lobe (62%), or endobronchially (85%). Without specific symptoms, diagnosis is often cumbersome. Immunohistochemical methods, typical hystological image and molecular genetic tests confirm the diagnosis. Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma is a rare entity, without specific symptoms. In our case, myxoid sarcoma was complicated by empyema, which was drained. Because of advanced stage, surgical resection was not an option. Radical surgery offers the best results, in inoperable cases therapeutic recommendations for sarcomas are the guiding principles. Our case belongs to the rare group of myxoid sarcomas, where MET activating mutation was detected, making it eligible for targeted treatment. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(27): 1077-1083.

Acari-caused human diseases with skin symptoms / Atkafélék okozta, bortünetekkel járó humán megbetegedések.

Összefoglaló. Az atkák alosztálya heterogén csoport. Az eltéro megjelenésu és életformájú atkák növényeken, állatokon és embereken is képesek különféle megbetegedéseket okozni, melyek csípés, táplálkozás, élosködés, vektorként terjesztett kórokozók által valósulhatnak meg. Az atkák okozta betegségek a lokális, spontán szuno csípéstol egészen a sokszervi elégtelenséget okozó fertozo betegségig széles skálán mozognak. Munkánk során az atkafélék által okozott humán megbetegedések elofordulását, klinikai megjelenését, differenciáldiagnosztikáját, kezelését és közegészségügyi jelentoségét mutatjuk be. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(36): 1430-1437. Summary. The Acari subclass is a heterogeneous group. They have different appearance and lifestyle. They can cause different diseases on plants, in animals and in humans. These illnesses can be caused by their bites, nutrition, parasitism and by their endoparasites. The diseases move on a wide scale from a local, spontaneously disappearing bite to an infection caused multiorgan failure. We would like to summarize the Acari-caused human diseases' incidence, clinical symptoms, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, treatments and public health importance. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(36): 1430-1437.

[Changes in the treatment strategy of primary gastric lymphoma]. / Változások a primer gyomor lymphomák kezelési stratégiájában.

Nowadays the management strategy for primary gastric lymphoma is undergoing change due to the effectiveness of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. While earlier surgical resection was the primary treatment and chemotherapy was only a follow-on procedure, at the present time this arrangement seems to have been reversed. Early stage low-grade MALT lymphoma can be treated with Helicobacter pylori eradication. Total or subtotal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and with adjuvant chemotherapy in R1 situation is proposed up to stage II.1. The strategy is similar in the case of high-grade gastric lymphoma, but resection is useful only in those cases when one can be assured the result will be an R0 situation. With the exception of these cases, the only indication for resection is chemo-resistance. There is no reason for operating in advanced stages of the disease. The only purpose can be to manage complications. Unfortunately, the exact diagnosis is difficult. The diagnosis of lymphoma can often only be made after the operation. In the 6-year period between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2005 we treated 38 patients for primary gastric lymphoma. Altogether 9 patients were operated on. Resection was performed in 6 cases. The diagnosis of lymphoma was known preoperatively only in one case. Nowadays surgery seems to be only secondary to chemotherapy and immuno-chemotherapy in the treatment of primary gastric MALT lymphoma. Our own cases also mirror this change.

[Investigation of the healing process of invaginated anastomoses in animal experiments]. / Süllyesztett anasztomózisok gyógyulásának vizsgálata állatkísérletekben.

UNLABELLED: The telescopic anastomosis technique is not frequently used method, but its history could have been followed in the surgical literature since the beginning of the XXth century. Authors can use this technique successfully in their clinical practice performing esophago-gastrostomies, esophago-jejunostomies and ileo-colostomies. They would like to show the healing process of these kind of anastomoses in experimental work, using animal subjects, as data regarding this aspect is not found in the literature. The healing process of esophago-gastrostomies, and ileo-colostomies performed on dogs have been examined. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The invaginated esophageal or ileal segment (up to 30 mm length of submerged part) has not suffered from ischaemic damage. 2. The invaginated esophageal or ileal segment has been covered by the mucosa of the stomach or colon. 3. The physical strength of the anastomosis has arised gradually based this on the measured bursting pressure values. 4. The quality of the healing process has not depended on the length of the invaginated esophageal or ileal segment (up to 30 mm length of submerged part).

Large B-cell lymphoma of the leg in a patient with multiple malignant tumours.

A patient who had primary gastric B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, invasive ductal breast cancer and a basocellular carcinoma of the forehead in her medical history was studied. Three years after polychemotherapy and irradiation of the breast cancer, a rapidly enlarging, ulcerated violaceous tumour developed on the patient's left leg. The tumour was identified by the histopathological, immunohistochemical and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement analyses as a cutaneous large B-cell lymphoma. No signs of extracutaneous involvement were detectable. Despite surgical excision, interferon-alpha2b treatment and chlorambucil + prednisone chemotherapy, a relapse occurred in the previously affected site, whereafter the patient received radiotherapy. She was lost to follow-up, and died approximately 14 months after the surgical intervention without autopsy. We discuss the clinical and histologic features and outcome of the large B-cell lymphoma of the leg, its coincidence with other diseases, and the uncommon occurrence of primary multiple malignant tumours.