Hydrologic flow regimes in humid tropics river basin.

The study is carried out to understand the impact of the land-use change in terms of alteration in flow regimes, which are understood to be a leading cause of ecological and environmental deterioration in riverine systems. Meenachil river in the humid tropical region of Kerala, India, is one of a kind river with human settlement along the banks for all its 78 kms of flow through the Kottayam District. The analysis of streamflow from four stream gauge stations was done using Range Variability Approach. The analysis was down as a two-time period analysis with the parametric approach with the period separation taken according to prior studies on land-use change. The analysis shows a high degree of alteration, which can be attributed to the land-use change and can be understood as the root cause for the deterioration of water quality and also the ecological distress, which is well documented in the downstream and watershed regions of the river.

Combined tactic of seasonal changes and ionic processes of groundwater in Tamirabarani river basin, India.

This research is to develop dictated metrics using a multi-proxy approach such as spatial-temporal analysis, statistical evaluation, and hydrogeochemical analysis. We have collected 45 groundwater samples located in the Tamirabarani river basin. To evaluate the aptness of developed metrics for agriculture and domestic needs and eleven years dataset has been analyzed and compared with national and international standards BIS, ICMAR, and WHO Monitoring and all the analysis results revealed that the concentration of calcium (Ca-1679 to 4937 mg/L; and Cl ions 236 to 1126 mg/L) and chloride ions was on the higher side in locations. These higher values may be attributed to the regional point sources as untreated water disposal and off-peak sources as agriculture practices. According to the results of the principal component analysis, the post-monsoon season accounted for an 84.2% variance. The major analyzed cations and anions have been observed in the following order: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ and Cl- > HCO3- > SO42- > NO3- respectively. Ca-Mg-HCO3, Mg-Ca-Cl, Na-C1, and infused waters have been discovered in the basin region, indicating that anion and cation dominance is not prevalent. This specifies that groundwater quality in this region is significantly degraded and suffers from extensive salinity due to the urban pollutants mixed with unprotected river sites.

Evaluating the groundwater potential of Wadi Al-Jizi, Sultanate of Oman, by integrating remote sensing and GIS techniques.

Groundwater resources are highly stressed due to their overuse, especially in the arid region. This study is aimed at discovering potential groundwater resource zones using currently available data and state-of-the-art methods. This will lead to effective management of scarcely available and rapidly depleting groundwater resources in the Wadi Al-Jizi catchment, located in the Al-Batinah region. Data on terrain characteristics, geology, and geomorphology was integrated using remote sensing techniques and geographical information system (GIS). The result from this exercise was used for the identification of areas with a high potential for groundwater availability. These areas were classified into five types, namely, excellent, good, medium, low, and very low representing 11%, 59.5%, 26%, and 3.5% of the total area, respectively. The present study shows that the integration of all the weighted parameters shows promising results in the zonation of groundwater. This study shall be useful to the decision-makers in highlighting potential drilling as well as recharge sites in the area.