RESUMO
BACKGROUND: This cohort study determines the predictors for cause-specific and timing of deaths in patients with COVID-19 in Taiwan. METHODS: Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Taipei City Hospital from January 1 to July 31, 2022, were recruited in this cohort. All patients were followed up until death, discharge from the hospital, or August 31, 2022. Early deaths within the first 2 weeks were recorded, and the cause of death was confirmed by the death certificate database of Taiwan. Predictors of cause-specific and timing of deaths of patients with COVID-19 were determined using multinomial Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 195 (8.0%) patients who died during hospitalization, 147 (84.0%) had COVID-19-specific deaths. Moreover, 54.9% of the deceased patients had early death. After controlling for other covariates, patients aged ≥ 65 years had a higher risk of COVID-19-specific, non-COVID-19-specific, early, and late deaths [adjusted hazards ratio (AHR): 3.85, 6.45, 3.33, and 6.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.91-7.78, 1.17-35.68, 1.51-7.36, and 2.18-19.76, respectively]. Fully vaccinated patients had a lower risk of COVID-19-specific (AHR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.47-0.98) and early deaths (AHR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.84), whereas comorbid patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had a higher risk of non-COVID-19-specific deaths (AHR: 5.43; 95% CI: 1.73-17.03). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination and carefully monitoring comorbid patients during hospitalization can reduce the risk of COVID-19-specific and early deaths and non-COVID-19-specific mortalities, respectively.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Hospitalização , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , COVID-19/mortalidade , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos de Coortes , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Causas de Morte , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fatores de Risco , Modelos de Riscos ProporcionaisRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Existing evidence evaluating the impact of change in body mass index (BMI) on the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in older people is limited and inconsistent. This population-based cohort study evaluated the association of changes in BMI over time with all-cause and CVD-related mortality in older adults. METHODS: We recruited 55,351 adults aged over 65 years between 2006 and 2011 from Taipei Elderly Health Examination Program who underwent repeated annual health examinations at 3.2-year intervals and were followed up for mortality over 5.5 years. Cox proportional hazard and Fine-Gray sub-distribution hazard models with death from non-CVD causes as the competing risk were used to determine the impact of changes in BMI status on the risk of all-cause or CVD-related mortality, respectively. RESULTS: Over 227,967 person-years of follow-up, 4,054 participants died, including 940 (23.2%) CVD-related deaths. After adjusting for other covariates, >10% decrease in BMI was significantly associated with a higher risk of all-cause (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74-2.13) and CVD-related mortality (AHR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.60-2.40), compared with stable BMI. Sensitivity analysis showed that a >10% decrease in BMI was significantly associated with a high risk of all-cause and CVD-related mortality in participants with normal weight, underweight, overweight, or obesity at baseline. CONCLUSION: Older adults with >10% decrease in BMI are at high risk of all-cause and CVD-related mortality. Our findings suggest that older individuals experiencing a substantial reduction in BMI should undergo a thorough evaluation to minimize the risks associated with mortality.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/mortalidade , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Causas de Morte , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fatores de Risco , Obesidade/mortalidade , Obesidade/complicaçõesRESUMO
Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. However, the association of type 1 diabetes with herpes zoster or postherpetic neuralgia remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's Health Insurance Research Database included 199,566 patients with type 1 diabetes and 1,458,331 with type 2 diabetes, identified during the period 2000 to 2012. Patients with type 1 diabetes had a significantly higher risk of developing herpes zoster than those with type 2 diabetes (p < 0.001). Across all age groups, the impact of diabetes on herpes zoster was greater in type 1 than in type 2 diabetes. Patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes had a 1.45-fold higher risk of post-herpetic neuralgia than those without diabetes (hazard ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.28-1.65; hazard ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.37-1.52, respectively), and there was no difference between the 2 types of diabetes (hazard ratio 1.06; 95% confidence interval 0.93-1.21). The results recommend consideration of herpes zoster vaccination at an earlier age in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Herpes Zoster , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética , Humanos , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética/diagnóstico , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética/epidemiologia , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética/complicações , Estudos de Coortes , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiologia , Herpes Zoster/epidemiologia , Herpesvirus Humano 3RESUMO
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This population-based study aimed to compare the accuracy of Rapid antigen detection (RAD) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for diagnosing individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the COVID-19 outbreak in Taipei, from May to June 2021. METHODS: In response to the outbreak of COVID-19 in mid-May 2021, Taipei City Hospital set up 12 citywide proactive community testing (PCT) stations for early identification of infected individuals from May 17 to June 20, 2021. Individuals with RAD positivity were isolated and later confirmed by RT-PCR. The c-statistic value was estimated to indicate the level of diagnostic accuracy of RAD tests. RESULTS: Of the 33,798 individuals who were evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 infection, 4.4% tested positive for RAD. There was a moderate concordance (kappa = 0.67) between the RAD tests and RT-PCR assay for identifying infectious individuals. The c-statistic value of the RAD test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 0.8. There was a positive linear trend between the accuracy of the RAD tests and the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the study population (ß = 0.04; p = .03). As the cycle threshold value decreased, the sensitivity rate of the RAD tests increased (p < .001). After implementation of the PCT program, the prevalence of COVID-19 decreased from 8.4% to 3.3% (p < .001). CONCLUSION: Proactive community testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection using RAD tests could rapidly identify and quarantine the most infectious patients in the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Teste para COVID-19 , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The nutritional status of the elderly is different from that of young people. Body composition changes as people age, for example, fat mass increases, muscle mass decreases, and body fat distribution is changed. We aimed to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI) with cause-specific mortality in the elderly population. METHODS AND RESULTS: The data of annual health examination for the older citizens (≥65 years old) from 2006 to 2011 in Taipei City Hospital were used. Information on baseline demographics, lifestyle behaviors, medical, and drug usage were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Cause-specific mortality was ascertained from the National Registration of Death. Individuals were followed up until death or December 31, 2012, whichever was earlier. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses were applied to investigate the association between BMI and all-cause mortality. Among 81,221 older people included in the analysis, 42,602 (52.45%) were men. The mean age was 73.85 ± 6.32 years. Among the 81,221 participants, 3398 (4.18%) were underweight, 36,476 (44.91%) were normal weight, 25,708 (31.65%) were overweight, and 15,639 (19.25%) were obese. Those in the BMI category 27 ≤ BMI<28 kg/m2 had the lowest all-cause mortality risk. The BMI of lowest cause-specific mortality was between 27 kg/m2 and 28 kg/m2 in infection mortality, between 28 kg/m2 and 29 kg/m2 in circulation mortality, between 29 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2 in respiratory mortality, and between 31 kg/m2 and 32 kg/m2 in cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The current study found a J-shaped relation between BMI and cause-specific mortality in the elderly population of Taiwan.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Obesidade/mortalidade , Magreza/mortalidade , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Composição Corporal , Causas de Morte , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Magreza/diagnóstico , Magreza/fisiopatologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To examine the association between teeth loss and nasogastric tube feeding dependency in older people. METHODS: The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2005, 2009, and 2013 in Taiwan. Participants were selected by a multistage stratified sampling method and baseline characteristics, including socioeconomic status and health habits, were obtained by well-trained interviewers. The NHIS was linked with the National Health Insurance research database 2000-2016 and the National Deaths Dataset, which contains all the medical information of ambulatory and inpatient care. Cox regression was used to examine the association between the number of teeth lost and nasogastric tube feeding dependency. RESULTS: There were 6165 adults older than 65 years old enrolled in the analysis, with 2959 male (48%) and the mean (SD) age was 73.95(6.46) years old. The mean follow-up duration was 6.5(3.3) years. Regarding the teeth loss categories, 1660 (26.93%), 2123 (34.44%), and 2382 (38.64%) of participants were categorized as having no teeth loss, loss of 1-9 teeth, and loss of 10-28 teeth, respectively. During 39,962 person-years of follow-up, new-onset nasogastric feeding dependency was recognized in 220(13.25%), 256(12.06%), and 461(19.35%) participants who were categorized as having no teeth loss, loss of 1-9 teeth, and loss of 10-28 teeth, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated significant findings (Log-rank P < 0.01). After potential confounders were adjusted, compared with those without teeth loss, older adults who had lost 10-28 teeth had significantly increased risks of occurrence nasogastric feeding dependency (AHR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05-1.62; p-value = 0.02). Furthermore, a significant dose-response relation between the number of teeth lost and increased risk of nasogastric feeding was found (p for trend< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Older adults who had lost 10-28 teeth had a significantly increased risk of nasogastric tube feeding dependency. Early identification of the oral disease is crucial for the prevention of the occurrence of teeth loss and the following nutrition problems, which would reduce risk of nasogastric tube feeding dependency.
Assuntos
Nutrição Enteral , Intubação Gastrointestinal , Idoso , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Intubação Gastrointestinal/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Human life expectancy has increased rapidly in recent decades. Regular exercise can promote health, but the effect of exercise on mortality is not yet well understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of exercise with mortality in the older people. METHODS: We used data from annual health check-ups of the older citizens of Taipei in 2006. Participants were interviewed by trained nurses using a structured questionnaire to collect data on demographics and lifestyle behaviours. Overnight fasting blood was collected for measuring blood glucose, liver and renal function and lipid profiles. Exercise frequency was categorised into no exercise, 1-2 times in a week and more than 3-5 times in a week. All-cause mortality was ascertained from the National Registration of Death. All participants were followed up until death or December 312012, whichever came first. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used to investigate the association between exercise and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: In total, 42,047 older people were analysed; 22,838 (54.32%) were male and with a mean (SD) age of 74.58 (6.32) years. Kaplan-Meier curves of all-cause mortality stratified by exercise frequency demonstrated significant findings (Log-rank P < 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that older people with higher exercise levels had a significantly decreased risk of mortality (moderate exercise HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.68-0.81, high exercise HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.59-0.70) after adjusting for potential confounders, with a significant trend (P for trend<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Older people with increased exercise levels had a significantly decreased risk of all-cause mortality.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Promoção da Saúde , Idoso , Glicemia , Causas de Morte , Humanos , Masculino , Mortalidade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may impact survival. Very few studies focused on the influence of DM in different clinical scenarios. We evaluated the prognostic impact of DM on HCC patients stratified by liver dysfunction, Milan criteria, and performance status defined in the Barcelona Clínic Liver Cancer staging parameters. METHODS: A prospective dataset of 3573 HCC patients between 2002 and 2016 was retrospectively analyzed. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify independent prognostic predictors. The Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test was applied to compare the survival distributions between different patient groups. RESULTS: Among all, DM was not an independent prognostic predictor in the Cox multivariate analysis (p = 0.1044). In the subgroup analysis, DM was not a significant prognostic predictor in Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A or class B/C patients. However, DM was associated with a decreased survival in patients within the Milan criteria (hazard ratio [HR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.155-1.601, p = 0.0002) and in those with the performance status 0 (HR 1.213, 95% CI 1.055-1.394, p = 0.0067) in the multivariate Cox analysis, but not in those beyond the Milan criteria and poor performance status. CONCLUSIONS: DM is highly prevalent in HCC patients and has a distinct survival impact. DM is an independent survival predictor among patients within the Milan criteria and good performance status. These high-risk patients should be closely monitored, and aggressive anticancer treatment should be considered.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Telehealth is a recommended method for monitoring the progression of nonsevere infections in patients with COVID-19. However, telehealth has not been widely implemented to monitor SARS-CoV-2 infection in quarantined individuals. Moreover, studies on the cost-effectiveness of quarantine measures during the COVID-19 pandemic are scarce. OBJECTIVE: In this cohort study, we aimed to use telehealth to monitor COVID-19 infections in 217 quarantined Taiwanese travelers and to analyze the cost-effectiveness of the quarantine program. METHODS: Travelers were quarantined for 14 days at the Taiwan Yangmingshan quarantine center and monitored until they were discharged. The travelers' clinical symptoms were evaluated twice daily. A multidisciplinary medical team used the telehealth system to provide timely assistance for ill travelers. The cost of the mandatory quarantine was calculated according to data from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan. RESULTS: All 217 quarantined travelers tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 upon admission to the quarantine center. During the quarantine, 28/217 travelers (12.9%) became ill and were evaluated via telehealth. Three travelers with fever were hospitalized after telehealth assessment, and subsequent tests for COVID-19 were negative for all three patients. The total cost incurred during the quarantine was US $193,938, which equated to US $894 per individual. CONCLUSIONS: Telehealth is an effective instrument for monitoring COVID-19 infection in quarantined travelers and could help provide timely disease management for people who are ill. It is imperative to screen and quarantine international travelers for SARS-CoV-2 infection to reduce the nationwide spread of COVID-19.
Assuntos
COVID-19/economia , COVID-19/terapia , Quarentena/métodos , Telemedicina/métodos , Telemedicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Análise Custo-Benefício , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Telemedicina/economiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing global health concern with increased disease burden and high medical costs. Utilization of the emergency department (ED) among dialyzed patients and the associated risk factors remain unknown. METHODS: Participants of this study, selected from the National Health Insurance Database in Taiwan, were aged 19-90 years and received maintenance hemodialysis from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2010. A control group consisting of individuals who did not receive dialysis, selected from the same data source, were matched for age, sex, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Subgroup analysis with hemodialysis frequency was also performed. ED utilization among enrolled individuals was assessed in 2012. Generalized estimating equations with multiple variable adjustments were used to identify risk factors associated with resuscitation during ED visits. RESULTS: One group of 2985 individuals who received maintenance hemodialysis, and another group of 2985 patients that did not receive hemodialysis, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2010, were included in this study. There were 4822 ED visits in the hemodialysis group, and 1755 ED visits in the non-dialysis group between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2012. Analysis of multivariable generalized estimating equations identified the risk associated with resuscitation during ED visits to be greater in individuals who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis, aged older than 55 years, hospitalized in the past year, and assigned first and second degree of triage. CONCLUSION: Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis had higher ED utilization and a significantly higher risk of resuscitation during ED visits than those without hemodialysis.
Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Diálise Renal/estatística & dados numéricos , Ressuscitação/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Assistência Ambulatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLWHA) in Taiwan. PLWHA were identified from the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control HIV Surveillance System between 2000 and 2014. To examine the effect of active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on CVD incidence, incidence densities and standardised incidence rates (SIRs) of CVD were calculated after stratifying PLWHA by HAART. Of 26 272 PLWHA (mean age, 32.3 years) identified, 73.4% received HAART. Compared with general population, SIRs (95% confidence interval) were higher for incident coronary artery disease (1.11 (1.04-1.19)), percutaneous coronary intervention (1.32 (1.18-1.47)), coronary artery bypass surgery (1.47 (1.29-1.66)), sudden cardiac death (3.01 (2.39-3.73)), heart failure (1.50 (1.31-1.70)) and chronic kidney disease (1.95 (1.81-2.10)), but was lower for incident atrial fibrillation (0.53 (0.37-0.73)). Considering the effect of HAART on incident CVD, the SIRs for all-cause, ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke were higher in PLWHA who did not receive HAART, but were lower in PLWHA who received HAART. PLWHA had higher risks of incident coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass surgery, sudden cardiac death, heart failure and chronic kidney disease. HAART reduces risks of incident CVD in PLWHA.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIMS: To understand nurse administrators' intentions and considerations in recruiting inactive nurses and to examine predictors of intent to recruit. BACKGROUND: Few studies have provided insight into employer intentions and considerations in recruiting inactive nurses. METHODS: A census survey collected data from 392 nurse administrators via a mailing method. RESULTS: Overall, 89.0% of nurse administrators were willing to recruit inactive nurses. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the only predictor of nurse administrators' intention to recruit was nurse turnover rate at the hospital. Nurse administrators perceived the most important recruiting considerations were inactive nurses' cooperation with alternating shifts, health status and nursing licence. The most frequent reasons for not recruiting were an inactive nurse's lack of understanding of the medical environment and poor nursing competence. CONCLUSIONS: Most hospital nurse administrators were willing to recruit inactive nurses. Inactive nurses who wish to return to work should be qualified, willing to work both day and night shifts, and in good health. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse administrators can reduce the nursing shortage by recruiting inactive nurses. Re-entry preparation programmes should be implemented that will provide inactive nurses with knowledge of the current medical environment and the skills required to improve their nursing competence.
Assuntos
Intenção , Enfermeiros Administradores/psicologia , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/normas , Seleção de Pessoal/normas , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Custos e Análise de Custo/métodos , Custos e Análise de Custo/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/provisão & distribuição , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Reorganização de Recursos Humanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Aposentadoria/psicologia , Aposentadoria/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários , TaiwanRESUMO
AIMS: To investigate inactive nurses' human capital, intention to return to hospital nursing and incentives for returning. BACKGROUND: Few studies have discussed the loss of human capital with regard to inactive nurses and how to attract them to return to clinical work. METHOD: Systematic random sampling was used, with 328 subjects completing the mailed questionnaires, resulting in a response rate of 25.4%. RESULTS: Inactive nurses not only had moderate to high human capital (average years of nursing experience was 10.29, with moderate to high levels of nursing professional commitment and nursing competence) and were young. Forty-three percent of subjects reported intending to return to hospital nursing. Sufficient nurse staffing, greater safety in the working environment, and re-entry preparation programmes were incentives for returning. CONCLUSIONS: Recruiting inactive nurses back to hospital work is vital and feasible as inactive nurses had a moderate to high degree of human capital. The most feasible way is offering reasonable working conditions, in particular, providing sufficient staffing, a safe working environment and re-entry preparation programmes. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The findings confirm the human capital of inactive nurses and provide concrete directions for nursing managers to follow when recruiting inactive nurses to hospital nursing.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Intenção , Motivação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/provisão & distribuição , Retorno ao Trabalho/psicologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pessoal , Reorganização de Recursos Humanos , TaiwanRESUMO
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: To investigate the mobile phone (MP) use for talking in relation to health symptoms among 2042 children aged 11-15 years in Taiwan. METHODS: A nationwide, cross-sectional study, using the computer assisted telephone interview (CATI) technique, was conducted in 2009 to collect information on children's utilization of MPs and the perceived health symptoms reported by their parents. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MP use in the past month was estimated at 63.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 61.1-65.3%]. MP use was associated with a significantly increased adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for headaches and migraine (1.42, 95% CI = 1.12-1.81) and skin itches (1.84, 95% CI = 1.47-2.29). Children who regularly used MPs were also considered to have a health status worse than it was 1 year ago (ß = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.17-0.37). CONCLUSION: Although the cross-sectional design precludes the causal inference for the observed association, our study tended to suggest a need for more cautious use of MPs in children, because children are expected to experience a longer lifetime exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) from MPs.
Assuntos
Telefone Celular/estatística & dados numéricos , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/epidemiologia , Prurido/epidemiologia , Ondas de Rádio/efeitos adversos , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Taiwan/epidemiologia , TelefoneRESUMO
Background and Purpose: Patients with advanced noncancer diseases or advanced cancer diseases may experience similar symptom burdens during the end of their lives. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in receiving hospice care service and in receiving aggressive end-of-life care between patients who died of cancer diseases and those who died of noncancer diseases. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Subjects who died of cancers or noncancer diseases from 2010 through 2019 were analyzed to identify the information on patient's characteristics, receipt of hospice care service, receipt of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during the last hospitalization, and receipt of airway support interventions during the last hospitalization. The independent effects of various characteristics on the receipt of hospice care, CPR during the last hospitalization, and airway support interventions during the last hospitalization were evaluated using multivariate logistic regressions. Results: A total of 587,490 patients were included, of which 434,142 died of cancers and 153,348 died of noncancer diseases. There were significant trends of increase in receiving hospice care service and significant trends of decrease in receiving CPR or airway support interventions during the last hospitalization in both patients who died of cancers and those who died of noncancer diseases. Compared with patients who died of cancers, those who died of noncancer diseases were less likely to receive hospice care service (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.087; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.085-0.089) and had a higher risk of receiving CPR (AOR: 3.610; 95% CI: 3.521-3.704) or airway support interventions during the last hospitalization (AOR: 3.086; 95% CI: 3.021-3.165). Conclusions: Hospice care service should be promoted for all patients with end-stage diseases especially those with noncancer diseases.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Panic disorder (PD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by spontaneous and unexpected panic attacks of varying frequency. Clinically manifest PD is widespread among the general population in developed countries worldwide. This study is aimed to identify factors influencing Taiwanese patients' decision to seek psychiatric help and to assess relationships between patients' health-seeking behaviors and quality of life (QOL). METHODS: One hundred patients from the outpatient psychiatric clinic of a university hospital in Taiwan were evaluated for PD. RESULTS: Delayed diagnosis of panic disorder, high comorbidity with other mental and physical disorders, and high utilization of health care services were identified. Thirty-three percent of PD patients sought alternative therapies, delaying their seeking psychiatric care. CONCLUSIONS: More PD patients in Taiwan seek care from family practitioners and alternative and complementary medicine than from psychiatrists. Taiwanese patients with PD who seek psychiatric consultation more than one year after disease onset have lower QOL and lower physical health scores.
Assuntos
Terapias Complementares/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Transtorno de Pânico/terapia , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtorno de Pânico/psicologia , Fatores de Risco , TaiwanRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Older patients tend to have decreased physical functions and more comorbidities than younger patients. At present, the best management for very elderly patients with lung cancer is not known. In this study, we aimed to investigate treatment and mortality risk of older adults with non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) in Taiwan. METHODS: This study analyzed data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database. Patients aged ≥80 years with newly diagnosed NSCLC between 2010 and 2017 were included. Treatment options were categorized as curative, palliative, and no treatment. Patients were followed up until death or December 31, 2020. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate mortality risk, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn. RESULTS: A total of 11 941 patients, aged ≥80 years, with newly diagnosed NSCLC between 2010 and 2017 were identified from the Taiwan Cancer Registry and followed up until 2020. The mean age was 84.4 ± 3.7 years old, and 7468 (62.54%) were men. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed significant differences across the three treatment options (log-rank p < 0.001). Results from multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that patients on palliative treatment (adjusted HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.48-0.56, p < 0.001) and curative treatment (adjusted HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.42-0.48, p < 0.001) had a significantly lower mortality risk than those with no treatment. The subgroup analyses stratified by cancer stages also showed consistent findings. CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with NSCLC had significantly decreased mortality risk when receiving curative or palliative treatment compared with those without treatment. In the future, further studies are warranted to investigate complications and quality of life of elderly patients with NSCLC during palliative or curative treatment.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Masculino , Idoso , Humanos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/terapia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/diagnóstico , Estudos de Coortes , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) due to the impact of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists among female patients with breast cancer remains a controversy. METHODS: Information from the Registry for Catastrophic Illness, the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), and the Death Registry Database in Taiwan were analyzed. Female patients with breast cancer were selected from the Registry for Catastrophic Illness from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2018. All the breast cancer patients were followed until new-onset IHD diagnosis, death, or December 31, 2018. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn to show the difference between patients treated with and without GnRH agonists. The Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the effects of GnRH agonists and the incidence of IHD. RESULTS: A total of 172,850 female patients with breast cancer were recognized with a mean age of 52.6 years. Among them, 6071(3.5%) had received GnRH agonist therapy. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a significant difference between patients with and without GnRH therapy (log-rank p < 0.0001). Patients who received GnRH therapy had a significantly decreased risk of developing IHD than those without GnRH therapy (HR = 0.18; 95% CI = 0.14-0.23). After adjusting for age, treatment, and comorbidity, patients who received GnRH therapy still had a significantly lower risk of developing IHD (AHR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.39-0.64). CONCLUSION: The study showed that the use of GnRH agonists for breast cancer treatment was significantly associated with a reduced risk of IHD. Further research is required to investigate the possible protective effect of GnRH on IHD.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Isquemia Miocárdica , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Doença Catastrófica , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiologia , Hormônio Liberador de GonadotropinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: In this study, we assessed the relationship between changes in intraoperative rectal temperature and erectile function in patients who have undergone transurethral resection of the prostate. METHODS: Eighty-six potential patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia-induced lower urinary tract symptoms were studied. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1-small prostates (<40 ml) and group 2-large prostates (≥ 40 ml), as determined by transrectal ultrasound measurement. The intraoperative rectal temperature was evaluated using a transrectal thermosensor and the differences between the highest intra- and preoperative temperatures were recorded. The erectile function at baseline, at three months and at one-year postoperatively was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire. RESULTS: Intraoperative rectal temperature differences were 0.54 ± 0.24°C for group 1 (n=45) and 0.44 ± 0.20°C for group 2 (n=41), (p=0.04). The IIEF-5 scores for group1 and group 2 were, respectively, 20.9 ± 1.6 and 20.6 ± 1.6 at baseline (p=0.32), 17.3 ± 2.9 and 18.7 ± 3.2 (p=0.037) at 3 months, 17.9 ± 2.7 and 18.7 ± 3.0 (p=0.17) at 1 year postoperatively. The deterioration of erectile function at 3 months post-operatively was observed for both groups. The percentage of retrograde ejaculation between two groups was not significantly different (p=0.33) at 1 year postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that a higher intraoperative rectal temperature difference caused by transurethral resection of the prostate might affect the postoperative erectile function, particularly in patients with a small prostate.
Assuntos
Temperatura Corporal , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Temperatura Alta/efeitos adversos , Monitorização Intraoperatória , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirurgia , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hiperplasia Prostática/patologia , Reto , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
There are very few programs that identify patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who need palliative care. This cohort study presents a model to use a validated palliative care screening tool (PCST) to systematically identify hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in need of palliative care. In this prospective study, we consecutively recruited patients with COVID-19 admitted to Taipei City Hospital between 1 January and 30 July 2021. Patients' palliative care needs were determined by using the PCST. Advance care planning (ACP) and advance directives (AD) were systemically provided for all patients with a PCST score ≥ 4. Of 897 patients, 6.1% had a PCST score ≥ 4. During the follow-up period, 106 patients died: 75 (8.9%) with a PCST score < 4 and 31 (56.4%) with a PCST score ≥ 4. The incidence of mortality was 2.08 and 0.58/100 person-days in patients with PCST scores ≥ 4 and <4, respectively. After controlling for other covariates, a PCST score ≥ 4 was associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19 (adjusted HR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.22-3.54; p < 0.001). During hospitalization, 55 patients completed an ACP discussion with their physicians, which led to 15 of them completing the AD. Since hospitalized patients with COVID-19 had a high mortality rate, it is imperative to implement a comprehensive palliative care program to early identify patients needing palliative care and promotion of AD and ACP.