Intra-articular Treatment with Triamcinolone Hexacetonide Associated with Gold Nanoparticles Reduces Cartilage Degeneration in an Animal Model of Osteoarthritis.

INTRODUCTION: The association between triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) represents a promising treatment due to the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of these compounds. In this study, we evaluated the effects of intra-articular treatment of TH associated with GNPs in a mechanical model of osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Sham; OA; OA+TH; OA+GNPs; OA+TH-GNPs. Both applications were performed 30 and 60 days after the model was induced. After 30 days of the last application, the animals were euthanized. RESULTS: Only the combined treatment with TH and GNPs promoted a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. The OA+TH-GNPs group obtained a significant reduction in the production of oxidants and oxidative damage markers while an increase in antioxidants. Histologically, all treated groups showed results of a significant increase in cartilage thickness and chondrocyte count, the OA+TH-GNPs group had similar behavior to the group without osteoarthritis, with significantly smaller amounts of chondrocytes than the OA group. CONCLUSION: The intra-articular use of TH associated with GNPs may be able to prevent the progression of the pathology and minimize joint degradation.

The effectiveness of treadmill and swimming exercise in an animal model of osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered an inflammatory and degenerative joint disease, characterized by loss of hyaline joint cartilage and adjacent bone remodeling with the formation of osteophytes, accompanied by various degrees of functional limitation and reduction in the quality of life of individuals. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of treatment with physical exercise on the treadmill and swimming in an animal model of osteoarthritis. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided (n=12 per group): Sham (S); Osteoarthritis (OA); Osteoarthritis + Treadmill (OA + T); Osteoarthritis + Swimming (OA + S). The mechanical model of OA was induced by median meniscectomy. Thirty days later, the animals started the physical exercise protocols. Both protocols were performed at moderate intensity. Forty-eight hours after the end of the exercise protocols, all animals were anesthetized and euthanized for histological, molecular, and biochemical parameters analysis. Results: Physical exercise performed on a treadmill was more effective in attenuating the action of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL1-ß, and IL6) and positively regulating anti-inflammatories such as IL4, IL10, and TGF-ß in relation to other groups. Discussion: In addition to maintaining a more balanced oxi-reductive environment within the joint, treadmill exercise provided a more satisfactory morphological outcome regarding the number of chondrocytes in the histological evaluation. As an outcome, better results were found in groups submitted to exercise, mostly treadmill exercise.

Indicadores de qualidade de vida em professores: uma revisão sistemática de estudos descritivos / Indicators of quality of life among teachers: a systematic review of descriptive studies / Indicadores de calidad de vida en los maestros: una revisión sistemática de estudios descriptivos

O objetivo foi sistematizar informações sobre indicadores de qualidade de vida (QV) de professores do Ensino Fundamental e Médio. A busca foi realizada em cinco bases de dados e nas referências dos artigos. Dos 14 estudos resultantes, 57% eram com professores de Educação Básica e 43% de Educação Física. A maioria dos estudos ressaltou insatisfação com a remuneração, condições de trabalho inconvenientes, escassez de tempo, ambiente desfavorável e problemas vocais. Conclui-se que a estrutura física, salários e sistemas organizacionais se destacam na literatura como aspectos negativamente associados à QV de professores. Estas evidências servem para nortear políticas de gestão escolar voltadas à melhoria da QV no trabalho e saúde em profissionais do âmbito escolar.

The aim was systematize information about indicators of quality of life (QOL) in primary and secondary school teachers. The search was performed in five databases and reference list of articles. Of the resulting 14 studies, 57% were with primary and secondary teachers and 43% of Physical Education. Most of the study emphasized the dissatisfaction with the remuneration, inconvenient working conditions, lack of time, unfavorable environment and vocal problems. In conclusion, physical structure issues, wages and organizational systems stand out in the literature as negative aspects associated with QOL of teachers. These evidences serve to guide school management policies aimed at improving the quality of work and QOL and health for working professionals within schools.

Se objectivó sistematizar la información sobre los indicadores de calidad de vida (CV) de los docentes de la escuela primaria y secundaria. La búsqueda fue en cinco bases de datos y en las referencias de los artículos. De los 14 estudios resultantes, 57% fueran con docentes de la escuela primaria y 43% de la educación física. La mayoría resaltó la insatisfacción con la remuneración y condiciones de trabajo, falta de tiempo, ambiente desfavorable y problemas vocales. En conclusión, la estructura física, los salarios y los sistemas organizacionales se destacan en la literatura como aspectos negativos asociados a la CV. Estas pruebas sirven para orientar políticas de gestión en las escuelas destinadas a la mejoría de la CV en el trabajo y salud en profesionales del ámbito escolar.