RESUMO
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A), one of tryptophan metabolites derived from gut microbiota, extends the lifespan of mice after high-dose ionizing radiation exposure. Persistent myelosuppression is the most common and fatal complication for victims of nuclear accidents and patients undergoing radiotherapy, with few therapeutic options available. However, whether and how I3A protects ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that I3A treatment effectively ameliorated radiation-induced hematopoietic injury through accelerating peripheral blood cells recovery, promoting bone marrow cellularity restoration and enhancing functional HSPC regeneration. Additionally, I3A also suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species production and inhibited apoptosis in irradiated HSPCs. Mechanistically, I3A treatment significantly increased HSPC quiescence, thus conferring HSPCs with resistance against radiation injury. Finally, I3A treatment could improve survival of lethally irradiated mice. Taken together, our data suggest that I3A acts as a gut microbiota-derived paracrine factor that regulates HSPC regeneration and may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for ionizing radiation-induced myelosuppression.
Assuntos
Indóis , Células-Tronco , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Indóis/farmacologia , Células da Medula Óssea , Radiação IonizanteRESUMO
Repair of spinal cord injury will require enhanced recruitment of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) from the central canal region to the lesion site to reestablish neural connectivity. The strategy toward this goal is to provide directional cues, e.g., alignment topography and biological gradients from the rostral and caudal ends toward the center. This study demonstrates a facile method for fabrication of continuous gradients of stromal-cell-derived factor-1α (SDF1α) embedded in the radially aligned electrospun collagen/poly (ε-caprolactone) mats. Gradients can be readily produced in a controllable and reproducible fashion by adjusting the collection time and collector size during electrospinning. To get a long-term gradient, the SDF1α is fused with a unique peptide of collagen-binding domain (CBD), which can bind to collagen specifically. Aligned CBD-SDF1α gradients show stable, sustained, and gradual release during 7 d. Further, the effect of aligned CBD-SDF1α gradients on the guidance of NSCs is investigated. It is found that the CBD-SDF1α gradient scaffolds direct and enhance NSC migration from the periphery to the center along the aligned electrospun fibers. Taken together, the tubular conduits based on radially aligned electrospun fibers with continuous SDF1α gradient show great potential for guiding nerve regeneration.
Assuntos
Quimiocina CXCL12/farmacologia , Nanofibras/química , Células-Tronco Neurais/citologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Animais , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Forma Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno/química , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Células-Tronco Neurais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Neurais/metabolismo , Poliésteres/químicaRESUMO
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a genetic lysosomal disorder associated with progressive neurodegenerative phenotypes. Its therapeutic options are very limited. Here, we show that lithium treatment improves ataxia and feeding phenotypes, attenuates cerebellar inflammation and degeneration, and extends survival in Npc1 mouse models. In addition, lithium suppresses STING activation, SREBP2 processing to its mature form and the expression of the target genes in the Npc1 mice and in Npc1-deficient fibroblasts. Lithium impedes STING/SREBP2 transport from the ER to the Golgi, a step required for STING activation and SREBP2 processing, probably by lowering cytosolic calcium concentrations. This effect of lithium on STING/SREBP2 transport provides a mechanistic explanation for lithium's effects on Npc1 mice. Thus, this study reveals a potential therapeutic option for NP-C patients as well as a strategy to reduce active STING/SREBP2 pathway.
RESUMO
Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) disease is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder primarily caused by mutations in NPC1. However, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. While mounting evidence has demonstrated the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, the lncRNA expression profile in NP-C has not been determined. Here, we used RNA-seq analysis to determine lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of the cerebella of NPC1-/- mice. We found that 272 lncRNAs and 856 mRNAs were significantly dysregulated in NPC1-/- mice relative to controls (≥ 2.0-fold, p < 0.05). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was utilized to validate the expression of selected lncRNAs and mRNAs. Next, a lncRNA-mRNA coexpression network was employed to examine the potential roles of the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs. Functional analysis revealed that mRNAs coexpressed with lncRNAs are mainly linked to immune system-related processes and neuroinflammation. Moreover, knockdown of the lncRNA H19 ameliorated changes in ROS levels and cell viability and suppressed the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in vitro. Our findings indicate that dysregulated lncRNA expression patterns are associated with NP-C pathogenesis and offer insight into the development of novel therapeutics based on lncRNAs.
Assuntos
Cerebelo/metabolismo , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/biossíntese , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Marcha Atáxica/etiologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Ontologia Genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Knockout , Proteína C1 de Niemann-Pick/deficiência , Proteína C1 de Niemann-Pick/genética , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/complicações , Interferência de RNA , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/farmacologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Teste de Desempenho do Rota-RodRESUMO
In situ restoration of severely damaged lung remains difficult due to its limited regeneration capacity after injury. Artificial lung scaffolds are emerging as potential substitutes, but it is still a challenge to reconstruct lung regeneration microenvironment in scaffold after lung resection injury. Here, a 3D biomimetic porous collagen scaffold with similar structure characteristics as lung is fabricated, and a novel collagen binding hepatocyte growth factor (CBD-HGF) is tethered on the collagen scaffold for maintaining the biomimetic function of HGF to improve the lung regeneration microenvironment. The biomimetic scaffold was implanted into the operative region of a rat partial lung resection model. The results revealed that vascular endothelial cells and endogenous alveolar stem cells entered the scaffold at the early stage of regeneration. At the later stage, inflammation and fibrosis were attenuated, the microvascular and functional alveolar-like structures were formed, and the general morphology of the injured lung was restored. Taken together, the functional 3D biomimetic collagen scaffold facilitates recovery of the injured lung, alveolar regeneration, and angiogenesis after acute lung injury. Particularly, this is the first study of lung regeneration in vivo guided by biomimetic collagen scaffold materials, which supports the concept that tissue engineering is an effective strategy for alveolar regeneration.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Materiais Biomiméticos , Animais , Biomimética , Colágeno , Células Endoteliais , Pulmão , Ratos , Regeneração , Engenharia Tecidual , Alicerces TeciduaisRESUMO
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can protect the lung against radiation-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial apoptosis and subsequent radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). However, guiding bFGF to pulmonary vascular endothelial cells is a key determinant for the success of bFGF therapy. To improve the lung-targeting ability of bFGF, a lung endothelial cell-targeting peptide was fused to bFGF (LET-bFGF). An in vitro biological activity assay indicated that fusion of LET did not affect the bioactivity of bFGF. In addition, the fused protein showed superior lung-targeting ability following intravenous injection. Upon injecting LET-bFGF intravenously after thorax radiation, LET-bFGF could better protect against pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis as early as 4â¯h post-radiation. Compared with native bFGF, enhanced therapeutic effects of LET-bFGF were also observed in terms of decreased vascular abnormalities, disorganized lung structure, inflammatory cell migration, and lung density at 2 months post-radiation. Therefore, lung endothelial cell-targeted bFGF may represent a promising remedy for RILI.
Assuntos
Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/administração & dosagem , Lesão Pulmonar/terapia , Oligopeptídeos/administração & dosagem , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/terapia , Células 3T3 , Animais , Apoptose , Sobrevivência Celular , Escherichia coli/citologia , Escherichia coli/genética , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/genética , Pulmão/efeitos da radiação , Lesão Pulmonar/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Oligopeptídeos/genética , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/patologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , RegeneraçãoRESUMO
Skin injuries caused by burns or radiation remain a serious concern in terms of clinical therapy. Because of the damage to the epidermis or dermis, angiogenesis is needed to repair the skin. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most effective factors for promoting angiogenesis and preventing injury progression, but the delivery of VEGF to lesion sites is limited by the skin barrier. Recently, gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-mediated drug delivery into or through the epidermis and dermis has attracted much attention. However, the efficacy of the AuNP-mediated transdermal drug delivery remains unknown. In this study, gold nanoparticles were conjugated with VEGF and generated a surface by carrying negative charges, showing an ideal transdermal delivery efficacy for VEGF in wound repair. Our findings may provide new avenues for the treatment of cutaneous injuries.