RESUMO
A series of heterocyclic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulators with 2,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-N-(thiazol or thiadiazol-2-yl)propanamide core are described. Structure-activity relationships suggest a combination of H-bond acceptor and a 4-fluorophenyl moiety as being important structural components contributing to the glucocorticoid receptor binding and functional activity for this series of GR modulators.
Assuntos
Amidas/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Tiadiazóis/química , Tiazóis/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/síntese química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
SAR was used to further develop an indazole class of non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor agonists aided by a GR LBD (ligand-binding domain)-agonist co-crystal structure described in the accompanying paper. Progress towards discovering a dissociated GR agonist guided by human in vitro assays biased the optimization of this compound series towards partial agonists that possessed excellent selectivity against other nuclear hormone receptors.
Assuntos
Indazóis/síntese química , Indazóis/farmacologia , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Amidas/química , Amidas/farmacologia , Humanos , Indazóis/química , Modelos Moleculares , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Sulfonamidas/química , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Ureia/química , Ureia/farmacologiaRESUMO
Modification of a phenolic lead structure based on lessons learned from increasing the potency of steroidal glucocorticoid agonists lead to the discovery of exceptionally potent, nonsteroidal, indazole GR agonists. SAR was developed to achieve good selectivity against other nuclear hormone receptors with the ultimate goal of achieving a dissociated GR agonist as measured by human in vitro assays. The specific interactions by which this class of compounds inhibits GR was elucidated by solving an X-ray co-crystal structure.
Assuntos
Amidas/química , Amidas/farmacologia , Descoberta de Drogas , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Sítios de Ligação , Cristalografia por Raios X , Humanos , Indazóis/química , Indazóis/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Esteroides/química , Esteroides/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The first stereoselective synthesis of the hexahydroimidazo[1,5b]isoquinoline (HHII) scaffold as a surrogate for the steroidal A-B ring system is described. The structure-activity relationships of the analogs derived from this scaffold show that the basic imidazole moiety is tolerated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in terms of binding affinity, although the partial agonist activity in the transrepressive assays depends on the substitution pattern on the B-ring. More importantly, most compounds in the HHII series bearing a tertiary alcohol moiety on the B-ring are either inactive or significantly less active in inducing GR-mediated transactivation, thus displaying a "dissociated" pharmacology in vitro.