Suicide attempt and its associated factors amongst women who were pregnant as adolescents in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent pregnancy is a risk factor for suicide. We aimed to assess the prevalence of suicide attempts among young women with adolescent pregnancy in Bangladesh and to explore its associated factors. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed young women with adolescent pregnancy in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh to assess suicide attempts, socio-demographic and pregnancy-related characteristics, perceived health status, and perceived social support. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between potentially related factors and suicide attempts. RESULTS: Of the participants, 6.5% (61/940) reported suicide attempts in the past 12 months, and the majority (88.5%) of the attempts happened within one year after the pregnancy. Participants with more years after first pregnancy (odds ratio (OR) = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.37-0.61) and more perceived social support from friends (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55-0.86) were less likely to have suicide attempts, and those perceived bad health status compared with good/fair health status (OR = 8.38, 95% CI: 3.08-22.76) were more likely to attempt suicide. CONCLUSIONS: Women with adolescent pregnancy were at high risk of suicide attempts, especially those during the first postnatal year. The risk of suicide attempts attenuated with the time after pregnancy, and perceived social support from friends was a protective factor and perceived bad health status was a risk factor for suicide attempts among young women who have experienced adolescent pregnancy.

Catastrophic health expenditure among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A province-wide study in Shandong, China.

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus often causes high economic burden on the patients and their households. The present study aimed to assess the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) relating to type 2 diabetes mellitus care, and to explore its determinants in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,948 type 2 diabetes patients were included in the analysis. CHE for type 2 diabetes mellitus was defined as out-of-pocket payments for diabetes care that were ≥40% of the non-food expenditure of a household. The Chi-square-test was used to identify the factors associated with CHE. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the effects of explanatory analysis variables. RESULTS: The incidence of CHE for type 2 diabetes mellitus care was 13.8%. An association was observed between CHE incidence and household income level, and the poorest group was more likely to experience CHE as a result of diabetes mellitus care. The type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with complications were found to be more likely to experience CHE. Diabetes patients who experienced outpatient or inpatient services increased the likelihood of CHE, and those who experienced inpatient services were more likely to incur CHE. CONCLUSIONS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a significantly catastrophic effect on patients and their households in China. Early screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients among the high-risk groups and effective management of the detected cases should be priorities to reduce the overall healthcare expenditure for type 2 diabetes mellitus.