Diagnosing acquired syphilis through oral lesions: the 12 year experience of an Oral Medicine Center.

INTRODUCTION: A resurgence of syphilis in Brazil has been reported in recent years. OBJECTIVE: With this in mind, the present study sought to investigate the frequency, demographics, and clinical characteristics of patients with acquired syphilis with oral involvement who received medical care at an Oral Medicine Reference Center in a Brazilian Public Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective study, spanning a period of 12 years, was performed to identify changing trends in syphilis over time. Medical records from all patients diagnosed with acquired syphilis who received medical care at the Hospital's Oral Medicine Clinic from 2005 to 2016 were reviewed, and the demographic and clinical data were collected. RESULTS: A total of 85 patients had been diagnosed with acquired syphilis, with a significant increase in the number of cases over the past 5 years. Patients ranged from 16 to 76 years of age, with a peak in the third and fourth decades. Forty-eight cases affected males (56.5%), while 37 cases affected females (43.5%). Most of the oral lesions appeared as unique ulcers or plaques, with the lips and tongue representing the most affected sites. All cases were positive for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory or Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption, and treatment was performed with Penicillin G benzathine in most cases (84.7%). CONCLUSION: The frequency of oral syphilis has been rising over time and oral lesions may well represent a diagnostic clue; therefore, oral health professionals must be made aware and properly trained in an attempt to develop a high degree of clinical suspicion in the diagnosis of syphilis.

Manutenção de dentes retidos e associado com cisto dentígero após a marsupialização: série de casos / Maintenance of impacted teeth and associated with dentiger cyst after marsupialization: case series

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma série de casos de manutenção de dentes retidos associados ao cisto dentígero (CD), empregando-se a marsupialização ou descompressão cística. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal, fundamentado na análise retrospectiva e descritiva dos registros do Serviço de Estomatologia e Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial do HMOB (Hospital Metropolitano Odilon Behrens) entre novembro de 2005 a novembro de 2020. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram doze pacientes que receberam a marsupialização como tratamento do CD. Os dentes mais envolvidos foram pré-molares e incisivos centrais superiores e o tempo médio de erupção foi de 13 meses, sendo que a maioria das erupções ocorreram de forma espontânea. Em todos os casos verificou-se erupção do dente associado e neoformação óssea na região do cisto. Não foram observadas recidivas. Conclusão:Assim, baseado no presente estudo e na literatura, a marsupialização ou descompressão cística mostrou-se uma alternativa terapêutica eficiente na abordagem de pacientes jovens portadores de CD, inclusive, com o aproveitamento do dente associado ao cisto em casos selecionados.

Aim: The objective of this study was to present a series of cases of maintenance of impacted teeth associated with dentiger cyst (DC), using marsupialization or cystic decompression. Methods:A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out, based on a retrospective and descriptive analysis of the records of the Stomatology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service of the HMOB (Hospital Metropolitano Odilon Behrens) between November 2005 and November 2020. Results: The results showed twelve patients who received marsupialization as a treatment for DC. The most involved teeth were premolars and upper central incisors and the mean eruption time was 13 months, with most eruptions occurring spontaneously. In all cases, there was eruption of the associated tooth and new bone formation in the region of the cyst. No recurrences were observed. Conclusion: Based on the present study and the literature, marsupialization or cystic decompression is an efficient therapeutic alternative in approaching young patients with DC, including the use of the tooth associated with the cyst in selected cases.

Diagnosing acquired syphilis through oral lesions: the 12 year experience of an Oral Medicine Center / Diagnosticando sífilis adquirida através de lesões orais: a experiência de 12 anos de um Centro de Medicina Oral

Abstract Introduction: A resurgence of syphilis in Brazil has been reported in recent years. Objective: With this in mind, the present study sought to investigate the frequency, demographics, and clinical characteristics of patients with acquired syphilis with oral involvement who received medical care at an Oral Medicine Reference Center in a Brazilian Public Hospital. Methods: A retrospective study, spanning a period of 12 years, was performed to identify changing trends in syphilis over time. Medical records from all patients diagnosed with acquired syphilis who received medical care at the Hospital's Oral Medicine Clinic from 2005 to 2016 were reviewed, and the demographic and clinical data were collected. Results: A total of 85 patients had been diagnosed with acquired syphilis, with a significant increase in the number of cases over the past 5 years. Patients ranged from 16 to 76 years of age, with a peak in the third and fourth decades. Forty-eight cases affected males (56.5%), while 37 cases affected females (43.5%). Most of the oral lesions appeared as unique ulcers or plaques, with the lips and tongue representing the most affected sites. All cases were positive for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory or Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption, and treatment was performed with Penicillin G benzathine in most cases (84.7%). Conclusion: The frequency of oral syphilis has been rising over time and oral lesions may well represent a diagnostic clue; therefore, oral health professionals must be made aware and properly trained in an attempt to develop a high degree of clinical suspicion in the diagnosis of syphilis.

Resumo Introdução: Um ressurgimento da sífilis no Brasil tem sido relatado nos últimos anos. Objetivo: Investigar a frequência, as características demográficas e clínicas dos pacientes com sífilis adquirida com envolvimento oral que receberam atendimento médico em um centro de referência em medicina oral em um hospital público brasileiro. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, abrangeu 12 anos, feito para identificar tendências de mudança na sífilis. Registros médicos de todos os pacientes diagnosticados com sífilis adquirida que receberam atendimento médico na clínica de medicina oral do hospital de 2005 a 2016 foram revisados e os dados demográficos e clínicos foram coletados. Resultados: Foram diagnosticas 85 pacientes com sífilis adquirida, com um aumento significativo no número de casos nos últimos 5 anos. A idade dos pacientes variou de 16 a 76 anos, com pico na terceira e quarta décadas; 48 casos eram do sexo masculino (56,5%) e 37 do sexo feminino (43,5%). A maioria das lesões orais apareceu como úlceras ou placas únicas, os lábios e a língua representaram os locais mais afetados. Todos os casos foram positivos para Venereal Disease Research Laboratory e Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption Test e o tratamento foi feito com penicilina G benzatina na maioria dos casos (84,7%). Conclusão: A frequência da sífilis oral tem aumentado com o tempo e as lesões orais podem representar uma pista diagnóstica; portanto, os profissionais de saúde bucal devem ser conscientizados e devidamente treinados na tentativa de desenvolver um alto grau de suspeição clínica no diagnóstico da sífilis.

Mast cell degranulation in periodontal disease from HIV-infected individuals

Aim: The objective was to compare the density and degranulation of mast cells on specimens obtained from individuals diagnosed with gingivitis or chronic periodontitis who were either non-HIV-infected or HIV-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: Gingival samples were taken from 16 non-HIV-infected individuals and 17 HIV-infected individuals diagnosed with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. The samples were processed and tained with 0.3 percent o-toluidine blue. Densities (cells/mm²) and percentages of intact and degranulated mast cells were obtained. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the mast cell density and the percentage of degranulated mast cells between non-HIV-infected and HIV-infected individuals diagnosed with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. Mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate was weakly correlated with the percentage of mast cells degranulated for both groups. Conclusions: There are no differences of the density and degranulation of mast cells in gingival tissue between non-HIV-infected and HIV-infected patients undergoing HAART, both groups with diagnosis of gingivitis or chronic periodontitis. This may be a result of the recovery of the immunologic system by HAART treatment.