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1.
Nurs Adm Q ; 48(3): 218-224, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38848483

RESUMO

The provision of modern health care in the United States faces significant challenges, as evidenced by multiple national reports of a workforce in distress. In response to these challenges, the practice of coaching emerges as a transformative skill, recommended for individuals in high-stress environments. Coaching in health care focuses on developing nurses and building teams by fostering self-understanding, deploying strengths, improving relational strategies, and gaining moral clarity. It serves as a potent strategy for nurse leaders to navigate the complexities of their systems. This paper explores the practice of coaching as an important mindset and skill. A coaching mindset is characterized by trust, deep listening, curiosity, embracing both/and thinking, discernment over judgment, and fosters an environment where nurses can flourish. It promotes a shift from telling to asking, empowering individuals to contribute innovative ideas and solutions. Additionally, the paper provides guidance for coaching and tools for maintaining a coaching mindset in the face of chronic stress. By fostering a coaching mindset, employing powerful questions, and using tools to sustain emotional integrity, leaders can empower nurses to thrive in complexity, enhance workplace well-being, and contribute to a resilient health care culture.


Assuntos
Liderança , Tutoria , Humanos , Tutoria/métodos , Estados Unidos , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/psicologia , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Local de Trabalho/normas , Enfermeiros Administradores/psicologia
2.
Field Crops Res ; 299: 108987, 2023 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37529085

RESUMO

Context or problem: Quantification of nutrient concentrations in rice grain is essential for evaluating nutrient uptake, use efficiency, and balance to develop fertilizer recommendation guidelines. Accurate estimation of nutrient concentrations without relying on plant laboratory analysis is needed in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where farmers do not generally have access to laboratories. Objective or research question: The objectives are to 1) examine if the concentrations of macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, B, Cu) in rice grain can be estimated using agro-ecological zones (AEZ), production systems, soil properties, and mineral fertilizer application (N, P, and K) rates as predictor variables, and 2) to identify if nutrient uptakes estimated by best-fitted models with above variables provide improved prediction of actual nutrient uptakes (predicted nutrient concentrations x grain yield) compared to average-based uptakes (average nutrient concentrations in SSA x grain yield). Methods: Cross-sectional data from 998 farmers' fields across 20 countries across 4 AEZs (arid/semi-arid, humid, sub-humid, and highlands) in SSA and 3 different production systems: irrigated lowland, rainfed lowland, and rainfed upland were used to test hypotheses of nutrient concentration being estimable with a set of predictor variables among above-cited factors using linear mixed-effects regression models. Results: All 10 nutrients were reasonably predicted [Nakagawa's R2 ranging from 0.27 (Ca) to 0.79 (B), and modeling efficiency ranging from 0.178 (Ca) to 0.584 (B)]. However, only the estimation of K and B concentrations was satisfactory with a modeling efficiency superior to 0.5. The country variable contributed more to the variation of concentrations of these nutrients than AEZ and production systems in our best predictive models. There were greater positive relationships (up to 0.18 of difference in correlation coefficient R) between actual nutrient uptakes and model estimation-based uptakes than those between actual nutrient uptakes and average-based uptakes. Nevertheless, only the estimation of B uptake had significant improvement among all nutrients investigated. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that with the exception of B associated with high model EF and an improved uptake over the average-based uptake, estimates of the macronutrient and micronutrient uptakes in rice grain can be obtained simply by using average concentrations of each nutrient at the regional scale for SSA. Implications: Further investigation of other factors such as the timing of fertilizer applications, rice variety, occurrence of drought periods, and atmospheric CO2 concentration is warranted for improved prediction accuracy of nutrient concentrations.

3.
J Rehabil ; 88(1): 96-106, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38528881

RESUMO

Existing models of interagency collaborations serving the United States (U.S.) Armed Forces veterans of color, i.e., African Americans, Latinx, Native Americans/Alaskan Natives and Asian Americans and/or Pacific islanders are sparse, and few co-service partnership models are available. This article proposes two different emerging conceptual frameworks, i.e., state vocational rehabilitation agency (SVRA) and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Veterans Readiness and Employment Program (VA-VR&E) co-service model, and American Indian Vocational Rehabilitation Program (AIVRP) and VA-VR&E co-service model designed to enhance successful employment outcomes for these veterans. Diffusions of innovations Theory was used to develop the Co-Service Models. A set of recommended approaches that these agencies and researchers can consider are presented.

4.
BMC Emerg Med ; 20(1): 68, 2020 08 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32867675

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: More than half of deaths in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) result from conditions that could be treated with emergency care - an integral component of universal health coverage (UHC) - through timely access to lifesaving interventions. METHODS: The World Health Organization (WHO) aims to extend UHC to a further 1 billion people by 2023, yet evidence supporting improved emergency care coverage is lacking. In this article, we explore four phases of a research prioritisation setting (RPS) exercise conducted by researchers and stakeholders from South Africa, Egypt, Nepal, Jamaica, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Colombia, Ethiopia, Iran, Jordan, Malaysia, South Korea and Phillipines, USA and UK as a key step in gathering evidence required by policy makers and practitioners for the strengthening of emergency care systems in limited-resource settings. RESULTS: The RPS proposed seven priority research questions addressing: identification of context-relevant emergency care indicators, barriers to effective emergency care; accuracy and impact of triage tools; potential quality improvement via registries; characteristics of people seeking emergency care; best practices for staff training and retention; and cost effectiveness of critical care - all within LMICs. CONCLUSIONS: Convened by WHO and facilitated by the University of Sheffield, the Global Emergency Care Research Network project (GEM-CARN) brought together a coalition of 16 countries to identify research priorities for strengthening emergency care in LMICs. Our article further assesses the quality of the RPS exercise and reviews the current evidence supporting the identified priorities.


Assuntos
Países em Desenvolvimento , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/normas , Relações Interprofissionais , Melhoria de Qualidade , Pesquisa , Humanos , Organização Mundial da Saúde
5.
Environ Res ; 175: 449-456, 2019 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31158563

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A vermiculite processing plant in a Minneapolis, Minnesota neighborhood utilized asbestos-containing ore from Libby, Montana from the late 1930's until 1989. Multiple pathways of exposure to Libby asbestos were characterized in a cohort of over 6000 plant workers and residents living near the plant. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a cohort linkage study to assess the impact of cumulative low dose exposure and the role of occupational history on asbestos-related mortality and cancer morbidity among cohort members residing near a vermiculite plant. METHODS: Cohort members alive in 1988 (n = 5848) were linked to the Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System to identify incident cases of mesothelioma, lung cancer, and all-cancer diagnosed from 1988 to 2010. Proportional incidence ratios (PIRs) were calculated for mesothelioma and lung cancer. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained from Minnesota vital records and the National Death Index (1988-2011). Mortality rates of the cohort (2001-2011) for asbestos-related outcomes were compared to the Minnesota population to estimate standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and stratified by gender, exposure, and occupational history categories. RESULTS: We identified seven cases of mesothelioma, with elevated incidence only in females (PIR = 11.76, 95% CI: 3.17, 30.12). Lung cancer was elevated in both genders: PIR = 1.54 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.0) in males and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.21, 2.12) in females. We found elevated mortality from COPD, lung cancer, and mesothelioma among females (SMR for mesothelioma in females = 18.97, CI: 3.91, 55.45), among the 546 deaths identified. All four deaths from mesothelioma occurred in the >75th percentile of exposure (>0.0156 fiber/cc x months). The SMR for lung cancer and all respiratory cancer was elevated even after controlling for occupation. CONCLUSIONS: Community exposure to Libby amphibole asbestos from a vermiculite processing plant is associated with increased risk of COPD, lung cancer and mesothelioma incidence and mortality, most notably among females, and is likely to remain a public health issue for years to come.


Assuntos
Silicatos de Alumínio , Amianto , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Mesotelioma/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Amiantos Anfibólicos , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Minnesota/epidemiologia , Montana
6.
J Public Health Manag Pract ; 23 Suppl 5 Supplement, Environmental Public Health Tracking: S45-S52, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28763386

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The Minnesota Department of Health and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency used local air pollution and public health data to estimate the impacts of particulate matter and ozone on population health, to identify disparities, and to inform decisions that will improve health. SETTING: While air quality in Minnesota currently meets federal standards, urban communities are concerned about the impact of air pollution on their health. The Twin Cities (Minneapolis-St Paul) metropolitan area includes 7 counties where fine particulate levels and rates of asthma exacerbations are elevated in some communities. DESIGN: We used the Environmental Protection Agency's BenMAP (Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program) software, along with local PM2.5 (fine particulate) and ozone ambient concentrations, census and population health data, to calculate impacts for 2008 at the zip code level. The impacts were summed across all zip codes for area-wide estimates. American Community Survey data were used to stratify zip codes by poverty and race for assessment of disparities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Attributable fraction, attributable rate and counts for all-cause mortality, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations, asthma emergency department (ED) visits, and cardiovascular disease hospitalizations. RESULTS: In the Twin Cities (2008), air pollution was a contributing cause for an estimated 2% to 5% of respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations and ED visits and between 6% and 13% of premature deaths. The elderly (aged 65+ years) experienced the highest air pollution-attributable rates of death and respiratory hospitalizations; children experienced the highest asthma ED visit rates. Geographical and demographic differences in air pollution-attributable health impacts across the region reflected the differences in the underlying morbidity and mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS: Method was effective in demonstrating that changes in air quality can have quantifiable health impacts across the Twin Cities. Key messages and implications from this work were shared with the media, community groups, legislators and the public. The results are being used to inform initiatives aimed at reducing sources of air pollution and to address health disparities in urban communities.

7.
Nurs Outlook ; 65(1): 50-57, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27742077

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree positions nurse practitioners (NPs) and other advanced practice registered nurses, with clinical competencies similar to other disciplines requiring doctoral education (medicine, physical therapy, psychology, and pharmacy). In addition, all these disciplines also offer residencies. However, nursing is the only discipline that does not require a doctoral degree and/or have a systematic approach to residency training for advanced practice roles. The authors posit that there are critical policy issues to resolve within the nursing profession to clarify the role that clinical residencies should play in transition to DNP practice specifically related to NPs. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article was to (a) describe the context of NP residency models within NP curricula that strengthen the DNP Essentials with an emphasis on Essential VIII and a focus on distinctive clinical specialization, (b) describe the history and policy implications of NP residency programs as well as existing programs that assist transition to practice, and (c) recommend policies for consideration related to DNP NP residencies. METHODS: Literature on nurse practitioner residencies was reviewed. DISCUSSION: While nurse practitioner residencies continue to grow, research is needed regarding outcomes of job satisfaction, clinical competencies, and patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The first year of practice for nurse practitioners is a critical period of professional development. It is important to further clarify the need, direction, and program standards. Academically affiliated residencies will facilitate the development and standardization of curricula and competencies to enhance clinical rigor. The partnership between academic units and clinical agencies will pool resources and strengthen nursing in both settings.


Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Currículo , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Profissionais de Enfermagem/educação , Preceptoria/organização & administração , Humanos
8.
Cancer Control ; 23(2): 140-9, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27218791

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Low-grade B-cell lymphomas located around the eye present unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma is the most common lymphoma of the ocular adnexa (conjunctiva, orbit, lacrimal gland, and eyelid). METHODS: A systematic search of the relevant literature was performed. Material pertinent to the diagnosis, prognosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa was identified, reviewed, and analyzed, focusing on management strategies for primary localized disease. RESULTS: The primary cause of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa remains elusive, although an infectious agent is suspected. Radiotherapy is the most common initial treatment for localized disease. Initial treatment with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and antibiotics has shown promising results, but the number of series is limited and controlled trials do not exist. CONCLUSIONS: Although the long-term outcome of localized extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa is good, optimal treatment remains a goal. The variation in rates of local and systemic relapse among treated stage 1E tumors suggests that critical factors affecting outcomes are not fully understood. Radiotherapy is the standard of care; at this time, the evidence is insufficient to recommend chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or antibiotics for initial treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma localized to the ocular adnexa. Well-controlled comparative studies are needed.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Oculares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Oculares/terapia , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/terapia , Humanos , Prognóstico
9.
Environ Health ; 15(1): 102, 2016 11 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27809853

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) is a unique community-based medical record data linkage system that provides individual patient address, diagnosis and visit information for all hospitalizations, as well as emergency department, urgent care and outpatient clinic visits for asthma. Proximity to traffic is known to be associated with asthma exacerbations and severity. Our null hypothesis was that there is no association between residential proximity to traffic and asthma exacerbations over eleven years of REP data. METHODS: Spatial coordinates of the homes of 19,915 individuals diagnosed with asthma were extracted from the REP database. Three metrics of traffic exposure at residences were calculated from link-based traffic count data. We used exploratory statistics as well as logistic and Poisson regression to examine associations between three traffic metrics at the home address and asthma exacerbations. RESULTS: Asthma exacerbations increased as traffic levels near the home increased. Proximity to traffic was a significant predictor of asthma exacerbations in logistic and Poisson regressions controlling for age, gender and block group poverty. CONCLUSIONS: Over eleven years in a comprehensive county-wide data set of asthma patients, and after controlling for demographic effects, we found evidence that living in proximity to traffic increased the risk of asthma exacerbations.


Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Emissões de Veículos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Bases de Dados Factuais , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Habitação , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Minnesota/epidemiologia , Análise de Regressão , Adulto Jovem
10.
J Environ Health ; 77(5): 14-9, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25619022

RESUMO

Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are pervasive and persistent environmental contaminants with uncertain public health implications. Following the discovery of PFC contamination in public and private drinking water supplies in Washington County, Minnesota, the authors conducted a pilot biomonitoring study. Serum samples from 196 residents of two communities were analyzed for seven PFCs. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) were detected in all serum samples collected. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) were found in 28% and 3% of the samples, respectively. The geometric mean for PFOA was 15.4 ng/mL (range: 1.6-177 ng/mL), PFOS was 35.9 ng/mL (range: 3.2-448 ng/mL), and PFHxS was 8.4 ng/mL (range 0.32-316 ng/mL). Mean levels for PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS were higher in males and increased with age. Mean PFC serum levels for three PFCs were significantly elevated when compared to levels found in the U.S. population.


Assuntos
Água Potável/análise , Exposição Ambiental , Fluorocarbonos/sangue , Poluentes Químicos da Água/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Monitoramento Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Minnesota , Projetos Piloto , Adulto Jovem
11.
J Environ Health ; 77(5): 20-6, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25619023

RESUMO

Communicating biomonitoring results is a challenge. This article describes the communication strategies used by the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) to support a biomonitoring project in communities exposed to perfluorochemicals through contamination of their drinking water. Using archival documents, media reports, and informant interviews, the case study described here elucidates MDH's successes, challenges, and lessons learned with communicating biomonitoring results characterized by uncertainty about health effects and risk levels. MDH's communication approach focused on engaging audiences and repeating key messages. Despite the repeated message that the biomonitoring project was an exposure study and not a health study, lay audiences generally expressed lingering discontent with the results while others expressed satisfaction and understanding. This outcome highlights the importance of implementing carefully developed communication plans with well-defined goals, objectives, and intended audiences, and with evaluation guiding the entire process.


Assuntos
Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade , Monitoramento Ambiental , Fluorocarbonos/análise , Comunicação em Saúde , Disseminação de Informação , Minnesota , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
Oncol Lett ; 25(4): 168, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36960190

RESUMO

While existing literature suggests an association between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and endometrial cancer, the sparsity and inconsistency of current evidence indicates a lack of clarity regarding the exact strength of this association. It also remains uncertain whether the degree of risk of disease is affected by confounding factors, such as age and body mass index (BMI). The present meta-analysis is aimed to quantify the risk of endometrial cancer in female subjects with PCOS compared to those without PCOS. PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane were searched from inception to October 31, 2022, to identify peer-reviewed case-control, cohort and cross-sectional studies that assessed the association between endometrial cancer and PCOS and contained original data. Two researchers independently extracted data and performed quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa criteria. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the random-effect model and inverse variance. The degree of heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. A total of 10 relevant studies were identified and included in the meta-analysis (comprising 12,248 female patients with PCOS and 54,120 controls). Females with PCOS had a significantly increased odds of developing endometrial cancer as compared to those without PCOS [OR, 4.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.13-7.78; P<0.0001]. When postmenopausal subjects (age, >54 years) were excluded from the meta-analysis, the odds increased further (OR, 5.14; 95% CI, 3.22-8.21; P<0.00001). Patients with PCOS are up to 5 times more likely to develop endometrial cancer compared to those without PCOS. Larger, prospective studies that are well-controlled for confounding factors, such as BMI, are required.

13.
Glob Food Sec ; 38: 100708, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37752897

RESUMO

Where and which countries should receive higher priority for improving inorganic fertilizer use in rice fields in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)? This study addressed this question by assessing the spatial variation in fertilizer use and its association with rice yield and yield gap in 24 SSA countries through a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed papers, theses, and grey literature published between 1995 and 2021. The results showed a large variation in N, P, and K fertilizer application rates and rice yield and an opportunity for narrowing the yield gap by increasing N and P rates, especially in irrigated rice systems. We identified clusters of sites/countries based on nutrient input and yield and suggested research and development strategies for improving yields and optimizing nutrient use efficiencies. Further research is essential to identify the factors causing low fertilizer use and the poor association between its use and yield in rainfed systems.

14.
Prehosp Disaster Med ; 27(3): 299-302, 2012 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22853919

RESUMO

This report of an aircraft crash at a major airport in Kingston, Jamaica examines the response of the local Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Factors that impacted the response are discussed, and the need for more disaster simulation exercises is highlighted. The objective of this case report was to document the response of EMS personnel to the crash of American Airlines Flight 331, and to utilize the information to examine and improve the present protocol. While multiple errors can occur during a mass-casualty event, these can be reduced by frequent simulation exercises during which various personnel practice and learn designated roles. Efficient triage, proper communication, and knowledge of the roles are important in ensuring the best possible outcome. While the triage system and response of the EMS personnel were effective for this magnitude of catastrophe, more work is needed in order to meet predetermined standards. Ways in which this can be overcome include: (1) hosting more disaster simulation exercises; (2) encouraging more involvement with first responders; and (3) strengthening the links in the local EMS system. Vigorous public education must be instituted and maintained.


Assuntos
Acidentes Aeronáuticos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/organização & administração , Incidentes com Feridos em Massa , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Jamaica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Triagem
15.
J Contin Educ Nurs ; 43(1): 19-26; quiz 27-8, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22214414

RESUMO

In 2004, The George Washington University received funding from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to develop a web-based emergency preparedness course for nurses. The purpose of the course was to provide training that would be accessible regardless of work setting or location. In designing the course, the development team used algorithmic decision making as a conceptual framework to transcend the linear, didactic focus of traditional online preparedness training to provide learners with a learning experience crafted around the decision-making process. This article describes the design of the algorithmic practice maps underlying this course and provides a replicable structure for those interested in developing similar offerings for nurses.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Educação Continuada em Enfermagem/métodos , Enfermagem em Emergência/educação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educação , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal/métodos , Enfermagem em Emergência/métodos , Humanos , Modelos de Enfermagem
16.
Post Reprod Health ; 28(1): 51-55, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35144514

RESUMO

Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism is rare, and without consensus on specific investigative indices, diagnosis is challenging. A 77-year-old woman had a three-year history of hirsutism, male-pattern baldness and increased libido alongside elevated androstenedione, total testosterone and free androgen index levels. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed bilateral ovarian lesions, suggesting ovarian hyperthecosis. Histopathology obtained after a laparoscopic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy confirmed ovarian hyperthecosis and hilus cell hyperplasia. We believe it's the first time they have been reported to occur in combination. The symptoms resolved within a month of surgery. This case highlights the difficulties of diagnosis alongside demonstrating the importance of management by a multidisciplinary team.


Assuntos
Hiperandrogenismo , Cistos Ovarianos , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperandrogenismo/diagnóstico , Hiperandrogenismo/etiologia , Hiperplasia , Masculino , Pós-Menopausa , Testosterona
17.
Mycorrhiza ; 21(6): 473-493, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21210159

RESUMO

Although plant biotisation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a promising strategy for improving plant health, a better knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms involved is required. In this context, we sought to analyse the root proteome of grapevine rootstock Selection Oppenheim 4 (SO4) upon colonisation with two AMF. As expected, AMF colonisation stimulates plant biomass. At the proteome level, changes in protein amounts due to AMF colonisation resulted in 39 differentially accumulated two-dimensional electrophoresis spots in AMF roots relative to control. Out of them, 25 were co-identified in SO4 roots upon colonisation by Glomus irregulare and Glomus mosseae supporting the existence of conserved plant responses to AM symbiosis in a woody perennial species. Among the 18 proteins whose amount was reduced in AMF-colonised roots were proteins involved in glycolysis, protein synthesis and fate, defence and cell rescue, ethylene biosynthesis and purine and pyrimidine salvage degradation. The six co-identified proteins whose amount was increased had functions in energy production, signalling, protein synthesis and fate including proteases. Altogether these data confirmed that a part of the accommodation program of AMF previously characterized in annual plants is maintained within roots of the SO4 rootstock cuttings. Nonetheless, particular responses also occurred involving proteins of carbon metabolism, development and root architecture, defence and cell rescue, anthocyanin biosynthesis and P remobilization, previously reported as induced upon P-starvation. This suggests the occurrence of P reprioritization upon AMF colonization in a woody perennial plant species with agronomical interest.


Assuntos
Glomeromycota/fisiologia , Micorrizas/fisiologia , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/fisiologia , Proteoma/metabolismo , Simbiose , Vitis/fisiologia , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Glomeromycota/genética , Glomeromycota/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Micorrizas/genética , Micorrizas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Raízes de Plantas/química , Raízes de Plantas/genética , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia , Proteoma/química , Proteoma/genética , Vitis/química , Vitis/genética , Vitis/microbiologia
18.
Nurs Outlook ; 64(5): 408, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27445087
19.
Hawaii Med J ; 70(4): 72-6, 2011 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21785505

RESUMO

PURPOSE: In response to a study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2009, which indicated that the prevalence of Down syndrome births was increasing in the 10 regions studied, this study examined whether a similar trend was occurring in Hawai'i. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Hawai'i State Department of : Health Birth Defects Program for the years 1997-2005. The information was analyzed by numbers of live births and outcomes of Down syndrome pregnancies, by ratio of terminations to live births, by age of mother (< 35 years or ≥ 35 years), by maternal ethnicity, and by whether the baby was born with a congenital heart defect (a frequent concomitant condition of babies born with Down Syndrome). These results were compared with previously published studies on the prevalence of Down syndrome births and pregnancies in Hawai'i and were also compared with recently published data of the CDC. FINDINGS: THE STUDY FOUND THAT THE PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME : births for Hawai'i over the nine-year period did not change significantly. Thus, this finding did not match the findings of the CDC study. Additionally, the data showed that the prevalence of congenital heart defects was higher in Hawai'i than in other areas. However, because of changes in the resources available to the Hawai'i Birth Defects Program, fully comparing in all respects data from the 1997-2005 period with studies conducted earlier in Hawai'i was not possible. CONCLUSIONS: THE DATA IDENTIFIED A NUMBER OF AREAS IN NEED OF FURTHER : study. These areas include the following: 1) an examination of the kinds of information and counseling given by primary care providers to women following a prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome; 2) analysis of the characteristics, values, and choices made by these women to terminate the pregnancy or continue it to term; and 3) determination of why the prevalence of congenital heart defects appears higher among births of babies with Down syndrome in Hawai'i than elsewhere.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Down/epidemiologia , Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Cardiopatias Congênitas/epidemiologia , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal/métodos , Adulto , Síndrome de Down/diagnóstico , Feminino , Havaí/epidemiologia , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Idade Materna , Gravidez , Prevalência , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Distribuição por Sexo , Adulto Jovem
20.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 6130, 2021 03 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33731749

RESUMO

Soil property and class maps for the continent of Africa were so far only available at very generalised scales, with many countries not mapped at all. Thanks to an increasing quantity and availability of soil samples collected at field point locations by various government and/or NGO funded projects, it is now possible to produce detailed pan-African maps of soil nutrients, including micro-nutrients at fine spatial resolutions. In this paper we describe production of a 30 m resolution Soil Information System of the African continent using, to date, the most comprehensive compilation of soil samples ([Formula: see text]) and Earth Observation data. We produced predictions for soil pH, organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N), total carbon, effective Cation Exchange Capacity (eCEC), extractable-phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn)-silt, clay and sand, stone content, bulk density and depth to bedrock, at three depths (0, 20 and 50 cm) and using 2-scale 3D Ensemble Machine Learning framework implemented in the mlr (Machine Learning in R) package. As covariate layers we used 250 m resolution (MODIS, PROBA-V and SM2RAIN products), and 30 m resolution (Sentinel-2, Landsat and DTM derivatives) images. Our fivefold spatial Cross-Validation results showed varying accuracy levels ranging from the best performing soil pH (CCC = 0.900) to more poorly predictable extractable phosphorus (CCC = 0.654) and sulphur (CCC = 0.708) and depth to bedrock. Sentinel-2 bands SWIR (B11, B12), NIR (B09, B8A), Landsat SWIR bands, and vertical depth derived from 30 m resolution DTM, were the overall most important 30 m resolution covariates. Climatic data images-SM2RAIN, bioclimatic variables and MODIS Land Surface Temperature-however, remained as the overall most important variables for predicting soil chemical variables at continental scale. This publicly available 30-m Soil Information System of Africa aims at supporting numerous applications, including soil and fertilizer policies and investments, agronomic advice to close yield gaps, environmental programs, or targeting of nutrition interventions.

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