Systemic Profile and Periodontal Condition of Hospitalized Women with High-Risk Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION: The physiological changes in mother-infant pairs during pregnancy increase the susceptibility to a series of infections, including those of the oral cavity. Therefore, the oral and systemic health of pregnant women is related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the systemic profile and periodontal status of women with a high-risk pregnancy. METHODS: Eighty-nine pregnant women at risk of preterm labor admitted to a hospital in southern Brazil were interviewed and received a periodontal examination. Data related to obstetric complications during pregnancy (pre-eclampsia, infections, medication use, and gestational diabetes) and systemic diseases were collected from medical records. The periodontal parameters of probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level were evaluated. The data were tabulated, and statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 24 years (SD = 5.62). Gingival bleeding was recorded in 91% of the participants. The prevalence of gingivitis was 31.46%, and periodontitis was 29.21%. No association between systemic conditions and periodontal disease was observed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Periodontal inflammation was not associated with the systemic profile during pregnancy. However, women with high-risk pregnancies showed higher levels of gingival inflammation, emphasizing the importance of dental care during pregnancy.

Evidence for the impact of the 8.2-kyBP climate event on Near Eastern early farmers.

The 8.2-thousand years B.P. event is evident in multiple proxy records across the globe, showing generally dry and cold conditions for ca. 160 years. Environmental changes around the event are mainly detected using geochemical or palynological analyses of ice cores, lacustrine, marine, and other sediments often distant from human settlements. The Late Neolithic excavated area of the archaeological site of Çatalhöyük East [Team Poznan (TP) area] was occupied for four centuries in the ninth and eighth millennia B.P., thus encompassing the 8.2-thousand years B.P. climatic event. A Bayesian analysis of 56 radiocarbon dates yielded a high-resolution chronological model comprising six building phases, with dates ranging from before 8325-8205 to 7925-7815 calibrated years (cal) B.P. Here, we correlate an onsite paleoclimate record constructed from δ2H values of lipid biomarkers preserved in pottery vessels recovered from these buildings with changes in architectural, archaeozoological, and consumption records from well-documented archaeological contexts. The overall sequence shows major changes in husbandry and consumption practices at ca. 8.2 thousand years B.P., synchronous with variations in the δ2H values of the animal fat residues. Changes in paleoclimate and archaeological records seem connected with the patterns of atmospheric precipitation during the occupation of the TP area predicted by climate modeling. Our multiproxy approach uses records derived directly from documented archaeological contexts. Through this, we provide compelling evidence for the specific impacts of the 8.2-thousand years B.P. climatic event on the economic and domestic activities of pioneer Neolithic farmers, influencing decisions relating to settlement planning and food procurement strategies.

Dental pain and associated factors among pregnant women: an observational study.

The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental pain during pregnancy and its association with sociodemographic factors and oral health conditions among 315 pregnant women in South Brazil. Participants were interviewed to obtain sociodemographic data, such as age, educational level, employment status, family income, and marital and parity status. Medical and dental histories were also collected, including the occurrence of dental pain and the use of dental services during pregnancy. Clinical examinations were performed to assess the presence of visible plaque and gingival bleeding and to calculate the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index. Means and standard deviations of continuous variables and frequencies and percentages of categorical variables were calculated. Independent variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 173 (54.9 %) pregnant women reported dental pain during pregnancy. After adjustment of the analysis, caries activity remained the main determinant of dental pain (odds ratio 3.33, 95 % CI 1.67-6.65). The prevalence of dental pain during pregnancy was high and the presence of caries activity was a determinant of dental pain. Moreover, access to oral health care was low, despite pregnant women's increased need for dental assistance.

Maternal periodontal disease and adverse perinatal outcomes: is there an association? A hospital-based case-control study.

Objectives: The association between maternal periodontal disease and adverse perinatal outcomes although extensively studied remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by a case-control study, conducted in three hospitals the association between preterm birth and/or low birth weight (PTB/LBW) and clinical parameters of maternal periodontal disease. Material and methods: Postpartum women who gave birth to a newborn PTB/LBW (case group), and postpartum women who had babies at full term with normal weight (control group) were included, in 1:2 ratio. Data were collected through medical records, interview, and periodontal clinical parameters. Bivariate analysis was performed to assess the PTB/LBW proportion relative to independent variables and multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the association between adverse perinatal outcomes and independent variables. Results: The sample consisted of 148 cases and 296 controls. By the 148 postpartum women with PTB/LBW in case group, 126 (87.5%) had preterm birth, and 75 (50.7%) had PTB and LBW. The periodontal status and generalized periodontitis presence were not associated with any adverse pregnancy outcomes. Having made four or more prenatal visits was a protective factor for all outcomes. The history of previous PTB/LBW was a risk factor for new cases of PTB and PTB and/or LBW. The presence of systemic disease was associated with preterm and low birth weight (PTLBW). Preeclampsia and cesarean delivery were associated with all outcomes. Conclusions: The clinical parameters of maternal periodontitis were not considered as a risk factor for the studied adverse perinatal outcomes. Clinical relevance: The present study demonstrated no association between maternal periodontitis and PTB/LBW.

Periodontal Health Status and Associated Factors: Findings of a Prenatal Oral Health Program in South Brazil.

Objective. The aims of this study were to evaluate the periodontal health of pregnant women and to investigate the association of periodontal status with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, as well as medical and dental history. Materials and Methods. A total of 311 pregnant women were interviewed to obtain sociodemographic data along with medical and dental histories. Clinical examinations were performed to record the presence of visible plaque, gingival bleeding, and caries activity. The periodontal condition was evaluated by Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in one tooth of each sextant (16, 11, 26, 36, 31, and 46). Results. After the adjustment analysis, the presence of visible plaque remained the main determinant of gingival bleeding (OR = 2.91, CI = 1.91-4.48). First-trimester pregnancy status was also a predictor, with a lower prevalence of gingival bleeding observed in the second (OR = 0.87, CI = 0.77-0.99) and third (OR = 0.82, CI = 0.73-0.93) trimesters. Conclusion. In pregnant women, the presence of dental plaque and first-trimester pregnancy status were the main implicated factors predicting gingival bleeding.

Granuloma gravídico - relato de caso / Granuloma gravidarum - case report

O granuloma piogênico é uma das entidades mais frequentemente associadas à expansão dos tecidos moles. Em gestantes, é comumente denominado granuloma gravídico ou tumor gravídico. Acreditase que essa lesão, de natureza não neoplásica, represente uma resposta tecidual exuberante a uma irritação local ou trauma. Hormônios sexuais femininos estão relacionados com a patogênese dessa lesão. Esse relato apresenta o caso de uma paciente de 27 anos, no oitavo mês gestacional, com granuloma gravídico na região de mucosa vestibular do dente 42 que estava interferindo na qualidade de vida da paciente. Foi realizada a biópsia excisional da lesão. Dependendo do volume, o granuloma piogênico tende a regredir por completo, após o término da gestação, no entanto, em alguns casos, deve-se considerar a remoção cirúrgica da lesão, uma vez que ela pode interferir na alimentação, no convívio social e matrimonial, fatores importantes para que a gestação evolua adequadamente. Embora a paciente não tenha retornado para avaliação do pós-operatório imediato e mediato, foi relatado, por contato telefônico, que não houve recidiva da lesão, decorridos 18 meses do procedimento cirúrgico.

Pyogenic granuloma is an entity often associated with expansion of soft tissues. In pregnant women is commonly called granuloma gravidarum or pregnancy tumor. This lesion, non-neoplastic nature, is considered a represent of an exuberant tissue response to local irritation or trauma. Female sex hormones are related to the pathogenesis of this lesion. This report presents the case of a 27-year-old patient in the eighth month of pregnancy, with granuloma gravidarumon the buccal mucosa, region of tooth 42, that was interfering with quality of life of the patient. Lesion excisional biopsy was performed.Depending on the volume, the pyogenic granuloma tends to regress completely after pregnancy, but in some cases it is necessary to consider the surgical removal of the lesion, because the granuloma could modify the diet, social life and marriage, important factors to adequate pregnancy development. Although the patient has not returned for immediate and mediate postoperative evaluation, it was reported, by telephone, no lesion recurrence after 18 months of the surgery.