[Epidemiology of acute renal failure during dengue fever in the city of Ouagadougou]. / Épidémiologie de l'insuffisance rénale aiguë au cours de la dengue dans la ville de Ouagadougou.

AIM: Describe acute renal failure during dengue fever in Ouagadougou, in a context of almost nonexistent african data on the subject. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The study was cross-sectional and descriptive with a retrospective collection of data in 13 health structures. It concerned a period of 16 months. Included were suspected cases of dengue fever following the guidelines of the ministry of health and for whom an ARF was diagnosed. The acute renal failure and its severity were defined according to KDIGO's recommendations. RESULT: Sixty-seven cases (sex ratio 2.7 ; mean age 39.6±16.7 years) of acute renal failure were noted among 316 dengue fever patients, or 21.2%. The mean of serum creatinine on admission was 440.7±504.2 µmol/L. The acute renal failure severity was classified at stage 3 in 29 cases, or 43.3%. The most common etiopathogenic factors were those responsible for renal hypoperfusion in 47 cases, or 70.2%; 14 cases of brown macroscopic hematuria, or 20.9%, were observed. Nine patients, or 13.4%, were taken in conventional acute hemodialysis. Six cases of death, a lethality rate of 9%, were observed. CONCLUSION: The acute renal failure in our dengue fever patients population was very common, severe, and highly lethal. The prognosis should improve with early management. It would be even better to promote primary prevention through effective vector control.

[Anxiety and depression during chronic renal failure before end stage at the University hospital center Yalgado Ouedraogo of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)]. / Anxiété et dépression au cours de l'insuffisance rénale chronique avant le stade terminal au centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).

AIM: We wanted to know the prevalence of depression and anxiety, as well as the associated factors in patients with chronic renal failure in Burkina Faso. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted from February to May 2016. We included all adult patients with moderate or severe chronic renal failure. The diagnosis of anxiety and depression was made using the Hamilton scales. Identification of factors associated with both conditions required bi- and multivariate analyzes. RESULTS: The study involved 191 patients, with a mean age of 53.2±14.2 years and a sex ratio of 1.4. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 42.4% and 66.5%, respectively. In 37.7% of cases, both anxiety and depression were noted. The mean age was 52.2±13.1 years for anxious patients and 53.5±13.3 years for the depressed. After multivariate analysis, female sex (odds ratio 2.2; adjusted P=0.014) was significantly associated with anxiety, and anxiety itself at depression (odds ratio 7.5; adjusted P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Anxiety and depression are very common during moderate or severe chronic renal failure in Burkina Faso. In view of their potentially serious consequences, there is a definite interest in their early detection by the nephrologist, especially in the female patient, and for early management.

[Cutaneous manifestations in patients on chronic hemodialysis in a developing country]. / Les manifestations cutanées chez les patients hémodialysés chroniques dans un pays en voie de développement.

Our study aims to highlight the most common skin disorders in patients on chronic hemodialysis at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHU-YO) in Ouagadougou. The study, of transverse type descriptive, carried out of September 15 to December 31, 2014, is unrolled with the CHU-YO. This descriptive transversal study was conducted at the CHU-YO from September 15 to December 31, 2014. It involved patients who had been on chronic dialysis for at least 3 months. The frequency of hemodialysis sessions was one every five days. The significance level of statistical tests was defined as the probability p ≤ 0.05. Eighty-five patients (61.1% men and 38.9% women) with an average age of 42.1 years were included in the study. The mean duration of hemodialysis was 31.9 months. The success rate of biological examinations varied from 7,4 to 85,3%. Eighty patients (85,3%) had at least one cutaneous manifestation. Cutaneous xerosis (67.4%), pruritus (45.3%), and hyperpigmentation (23.2%) were the most frequent skin manifestations that may be specific of hemodialysis. Guttate hypomelanosis (11.6%), prurigo (11.6%) and folliculitis (8.4%) were the main non-specific skin manifestations. Skin involvement was frequent but did not seem related to seniority in hemodialysis. In Ouagadougou, bad hemodialysis conditions and a hot, dry environment promote such conditions, especially xerosis and pruritus. A better subvention of health care could help to reduce the prevalence of skin diseases and to improve the quality of life of our patients on chronic hemodialysis.

[Factors associated with depressive symptoms in chronic hemodialysis patients of centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (Burkina Faso)]. / Facteurs associés à la symptomatologie dépressive chez les patients hémodialysés chroniques du centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (Burkina Faso).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with depressive symptoms in chronic hemodialysis patients at centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo de Ouagadougou (CHU-YO). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was cross sectional and descriptive, from June 2nd to July 30th, 2014. We included chronic hemodialysis patients of CHU-YO. The frequency of hemodialysis sessions was of every four to five days. The French version of Hamilton depression psychometric scale was used to assess depressive symptoms. The factors associated with depression were identified after descriptive and explanatory analysis. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were identified in 140 of the 162 patients included in the study, or a prevalence of 86.4%. The average age of the 140 patients was 38.9±12.9years. In bivariate analysis, the risk of having depressive symptoms was 1.5 times for women, 1.7 times for patients with severe anemia, 1.5 times for hemodialysis catheter holders, 1.8 both in case of duration in hemodialysis less than six months. In multivariate analysis, gender and duration in hemodialysis were factors associated with the occurrence of depressive symptomatology. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms the high frequency of depressive symptoms in patients on hemodialysis. To improve the overall care of hemodialysis patients, we suggest routine screening for depressive symptoms and specific support.

[Traditional medicine in kidney diseases in Burkina Faso]. / Médecine traditionnelle et maladies des reins au Burkina Faso.

Kidney diseases are becoming public health problem worldwide, particularly in Africa. Kidney symptoms are frequent in African population witch have recourse to traditional medicine for primary cares. For a better knowledge of medicinal plants used for the treatment of kidney symptoms, we conducted a prospective study from January to March 2007 to collect the opinion of traditional healers in the area of three towns (Ouagadougou, Ziniare, Fada NGourma) of Burkina Faso. Thirty traditional healers were interrogated and results showed that they had limited knowledge on the kidney, urine origin (70% do not know it) and kidney diseases symptoms. Eighty-three percent of traditional healers found that the origin of kidney symptoms was related to food supplementation. We identify 61 medicinal plants related to 30 families and 51 genders. Combretum micranthum, Chrysantellum americanum and Tamarindus indica were the most frequent species plants under use. This traditional use is justified par bibliographic data on few plants. In conclusion, although traditional healers have limited knowledge on kidney, they continue to provide medicinal plants to treat kidney symptoms. There is a great need, in Burkina Faso, for studies to define the medicinal plants inventory, their evaluation use, and their effects on the kidneys diseases.