Targeting PI3Kα overcomes resistance to KRasG12C inhibitors mediated by activation of EGFR and/or IGF1R.

Although several KRasG12C inhibitors have displayed promising efficacy in clinical settings, acquired resistance developed rapidly and circumvented the activity of KRasG12C inhibitors. To explore the mechanism rendering acquired resistance to KRasG12C inhibitors, we established a series of KRASG12C-mutant cells with acquired resistance to AMG510. We found that differential activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) especially EGFR or IGF1R rendered resistance to AMG510 in different cellular contexts by maintaining the activation of MAPK and PI3K signaling. Simultaneous inhibition of EGFR and IGF1R restored sensitivity to AMG510 in resistant cells. PI3K integrates signals from multiple RTKs and the level of phosphorylated AKT was revealed to negatively correlate with the anti-proliferative activity of AMG510 in KRASG12C-mutant cells. Concurrently treatment of a novel PI3Kα inhibitor CYH33 with AMG510 exhibited a synergistic effect against parental and resistant KRASG12C-mutant cells in vitro and in vivo, which was accompanied with concomitant inhibition of AKT and MAPK signaling. Taken together, these findings revealed the potential mechanism rendering acquired resistance to KRasG12C inhibitors and provided a mechanistic rationale to combine PI3Kα inhibitors with KRasG12C inhibitors for therapy of KRASG12C-mutant cancers in future clinical trials.

Structural Insight into the Interactions between Structurally Similar Inhibitors and SIRT6.

Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase with a significant role in 20% of all cancers, such as colon cancers and rectal adenocarcinoma. However, there is currently no effective drug for cancers related to SIRT6. To explore potential inhibitors of SIRT6, it is essential to reveal details of the interaction mechanisms between inhibitors and SIRT6 at the atomic level. The nature of small molecules from herbs have many advantages as inhibitors. Based on the conformational characteristics of the inhibitor Compound 9 (Asinex ID: BAS13555470), we explored the natural molecule Scutellarin, one compound of Huang Qin, which is an effective herb for curing cancer that has been described in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMS) library. We investigated the interactions between SIRT6 and the inhibitors using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We illustrated that the structurally similar inhibitors have a similar binding mode to SIRT6 with residues-Leu9, Phe64, Val115, His133 and Trp188. Hydrophobic and π-stacking interactions play important roles in the interactions between SIRT6 and inhibitors. In summary, our results reveal the interactive mechanism of SIRT6 and the inhibitors and we also provide Scutellarin as a new potential inhibitor of SIRT6. Our study provides a new potential way to explore potential inhibitors from TCMS.

Detection of microvesicle miRNA expression in ALL subtypes and analysis of their functional roles.

Microvesicles (MVs) are the heterogeneous mixtures of vesicles. MVs released by leukemia cells constitute an important part of the leukemia microenvironment. MVs might act as important reservoirs of microRNAs (miRNAs). It is worth evaluating whether MVs possess some unique miRNA contents that are valuable in understanding the pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the miRNA expression patterns of Nalm-6-derived MVs, Jurkat-derived MVs and normal cell-derived MVs using miRNA microarrays. The potential target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs were also predicted and analyzed. Results demonstrated that 182 miRNAs and 166 miRNAs were differentially expressed in Nalm-6-MVs and Jurkat-MVs, respectively. Many oncogenes, tumor suppressors and signal pathway genes were targeted by these aberrantly expressed miRNAs, which might contribute to the development of B-ALL or T-ALL. Our findings expanded the potential diagnostic markers of ALL and provided useful information for ALL pathogenesis.

Close correlation between development of MODS during the initial 72 h of hospitalization and hospital mortality in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.

An emerging infectious disease was identified as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in central China since late March 2009. We found the patients with SFTS had severe clinical symptoms, and progressed rapidly to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with high fatality rate of 25%-30%. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of risk factors predicting the development of MODS and death in SFTS patients. Consecutive SFTS admissions between May 2009 and September 2011 were analyzed for parameters of organ function during hospitalization using Marshall scoring system for MODS, and platelet counts were recorded on admission and at 24, 48, 72 h and one week after admission. We investigated the kinetics of organ failures and analyzed the association between age, platelet count and development of MODS or death. A total of 92 SFTS patients were enrolled in this study. Among them, 32 patients with dysfunction of over 4 organs were identified, 45% of them died within 72 h, 72% died within 5 days, and 76% died within 7 days after admission. We also found cumulative Marshall score was significantly higher in death patients (11.76±2.05) than in survival patients (4.22±1.98) (P<0.001). In addition, SFTS patients had older age and lower platelet counts in MODS and death groups. Furthermore, we also observed that there was a close correlation between platelet count on admission and Marshall score (P<0.001). High Marshall score, advanced age and lower platelet counts were the main risk factors for the development of MODS, and those factors could predict mortality in SFTS patients, suggesting prompt treatment and close monitoring of severe complications, especially MODS, are of great importance in saving patients' lives.

Comparison of microRNA expression profiles in HCC-derived microvesicles and the parental cells and evaluation of their roles in HCC.

To determine whether the microRNAs (miRNAs) contained in cancer-derived microvesicles (MVs) mirror those of the parental tumor cells, we compared the miRNA expression profiles of MVs derived from their parental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The presence and levels of 888 miRNAs from SMMC-7721 cells and MVs were detected by Agilent miRNA microarray analysis. Four selected miRNAs were verified by real time qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the genes of the miRNAs were bioinformatically identified to explore potential roles of the miRNAs in HCC microenvironment. Our results showed that miRNAs expression profiles of MVs derived from HCC were significantly changed. Of all the miRNAs tested, 148 miRNAs were co-expressed in MVs and SMMC-7721 cells, only 121 and 15 miRNAs were detected in MVs and SMMC-7721 cells, respectively. Among the 148 co-expressing miRNAs, 48 miRNAs had the similar expression level and 6 of them were supposed to be oncogenic or suppressive miRNAs. According to the target prediction by Quantile Algorithm method, these miRNAs may regulate 3831 genes which were closely related to cell cycle, apoptosis and oncogenesis, and 78 were known tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that 3831 genes were mainly associated with nucleic acid binding, cell death, cell adhesion. MVs containing miRNAs, released into the HCC microenvironment, bear the characteristic miRNAs of the original cells and might participate in cancer progression.

Covalent inhibitor targets KRasG12C: A new paradigm for drugging the undruggable and challenges ahead.

KRAS is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in cancers and therapeutics directly targeting the KRas have been challenging. Among the different known mutants, KRasG12C has been proved to be successfully targeted recently. Several covalent inhibitors selectively targeting KRasG12C have shown promising efficacy against cancers harboring KRASG12C mutation in clinical trials and AMG510 (sotorasib) has been approved for the treatment of KRASG12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. However, the overall responsive rate of KRasG12C inhibitors was around 50% in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and the efficacy in patients with colorectal cancer or appendiceal cancer appears to be less desirable. It is of great importance to discover biomarkers to distinguish patients who are likely benefitted. Moreover, adaptive resistance would occur inevitably with the persistent administration like other molecularly targeted therapies. Several combinatorial regimens have been studied in an effort to potentiate the efficacy of KRasG12C inhibitors in preclinical settings. This review summarized the recent progress of covalent KRasG12C inhibitors with a focus on identifying biomarkers to predict or monitor the efficacy and proposing rational drug combinations based on elucidation of the mechanisms of drug resistance.

Shrimp community structure and influence of environmental variables in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea in spring.

Based on data collected from research vessel cruises performed in May 2020 off the East China Sea (ECS) and the southern Yellow Sea (YS) (26°30'-35°00' N, 120°30'-127°00' E), we analyzed the shrimp community and its relationships with environmental variables by using index of relative importance, biodiversity indices, and multivariate techniques. A total of 29 species were recorded, belonging to 11 families and 19 genera. The dominant species were Metapenaeopsis longirostris, Leptochela gracilis, Solenocera melantho, Crangon hakodatei, Parapenaeus fissuroides, Plesionika izumiae, and Trachypenaeus curvirostris, which together accounted for 82.9% of the total biomass and 90.8% of the total abundance of shrimps. Results of Cluster and NMDS analyses showed that three groups were identified for the shrimp community in the ECS and YS in spring, including group A (inshore of northern ECS and YS group), group B (offshore of northern ECS group) and group C (southern ECS group). ANOSIM and SIMPER analysis showed significant differences between group A and B, gourp A and C, and group B and C, with the dissimilarity of 92.2%, 95.8% and 91.6%, respectively. The typical species were T. curvirostris, C. hakodatei, L. gracilis and Palaemon gravieri in group A, and S. melantho in group B, and M. longirostris, P. fissuroides, P. izumiae and Solenocera alticarinata in group C. Significant differences were also detected in biomass, diversity index, species richness index and evenness index among groups, with significantly greater values in group C than those in A and B. Environmental variables and the substrate also displayed significant differences among groups. Results of canonical correspondence analysis showed that bottom temperature, bottom salinity, depth, and the substrate were the main environmental variables affecting spatial structure of shrimp community. Water mass characteristics and substrate type had important influences on the distribution of shrimp community in the ECS and YS in spring.

A label-free differential quantitative proteomics analysis of a TaLEA-introduced transgenic Populus simonii × Populus nigra dwarf mutant.

TaLEA (Tamarix androssowii late embryogenesis abundant gene, DQ663481) gene was introduced into Populus simonii × Populus nigra by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation with the aim of improving salt-tolerance. Among the 15 transgenic lines, one showed a dwarf phenotype (dwf1). Under the same growth conditions, dwf1 height was significantly reduced compared with the wild-type and the other transgenic lines. The mechanisms underlying this effect were investigated in mutant and wild-type plants using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. Among proteins that identified, 99 were significantly altered. With the exception of proteins with unidentified or unclassified functions, these proteins were classified into eight groups based on gene product subcellular localization and biological process (metabolism, stress, protein synthesis and degradation, transcriptional regulation, cell fate, transportation, cell wall, and cytoskeleton). Differential expression patterns were identified for key enzymes involved in major metabolic pathways such as the Calvin cycle and glycolysis, thus indicating the interplay of complex molecular events in generation of the dwf1 mutant. Overall, the differentially expressed proteins in dwf1 might provide some useful insights into the dwarf formation.

Transcriptomic analysis of phenotypic changes in birch (Betula platyphylla) autotetraploids.

Plant breeders have focused much attention on polyploid trees because of their importance to forestry. To evaluate the impact of intraspecies genome duplication on the transcriptome, a series of Betula platyphylla autotetraploids and diploids were generated from four full-sib families. The phenotypes and transcriptomes of these autotetraploid individuals were compared with those of diploid trees. Autotetraploids were generally superior in breast-height diameter, volume, leaf, fruit and stoma and were generally inferior in height compared to diploids. Transcriptome data revealed numerous changes in gene expression attributable to autotetraploidization, which resulted in the upregulation of 7052 unigenes and the downregulation of 3658 unigenes. Pathway analysis revealed that the biosynthesis and signal transduction of indoleacetate (IAA) and ethylene were altered after genome duplication, which may have contributed to phenotypic changes. These results shed light on variations in birch autotetraploidization and help identify important genes for the genetic engineering of birch trees.

Genome-wide analysis of a TaLEA-introduced transgenic Populus simonii × Populus nigra dwarf mutant.

A dwarf mutant (dwf1) was obtained among 15 transgenic lines, when TaLEA (Tamarix androssowii late embryogenesis abundant gene) was introduced into Populus simonii × Populus nigra by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Under the same growth conditions, dwf1 height was significantly reduced compared with the wild type and the other transgenic lines. Because only one transgenic line (dwf1) displayed the dwarf phenotype, we considered that T-DNA insertion sites may play a role in the mutant formation. The mechanisms underlying this effect were investigated using TAIL-PCR (thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR) and microarrays methods. According to the TAIL-PCR results, two flanking sequences located on chromosome IV and VIII respectively, were cloned. The results indicated the integration of two independent T-DNA copies. We searched for the potential genes near to the T-DNA insertions. The nearest gene was a putative poplar AP2 transcription factor (GI: 224073210). Expression analysis showed that AP2 was up-regulated in dwf1 compared with the wild type and the other transgenic lines. According to the microarrays results, a total of 537 genes involved in hydrolase, kinase and transcription factor activities, as well as protein and nucleotide binding, showed significant alterations in gene expression. These genes were expressed in more than 60 metabolic pathways, including starch, sucrose, galactose and glycerolipid metabolism and phenylpropanoids and flavonoid biosyntheses. Our transcriptome and T-DNA insertion sites analyses might provide some useful insights into the dwarf mutant formation.

MicroRNA-125b functions as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of multiple cellular processes, and the deregulation of miRNA is a common event in diverse human diseases, particularly cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between disordered miRNA expression and tumorigenesis have remained largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated the down-regulation of miR-125b in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and HCC cell lines by Northern blot and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. The ectopic expression of miR-125b reduced the cellular proliferation and cell cycle progression of HCC cells by targeting Mcl-1 and IL6R. Furthermore, the miR-125b-induced inhibition of cell proliferation was rescued by the expression of Mcl-1 or IL6R variants that lacked 3' UTRs. Thus, this study revealed the differential expression of miR-125b in HCC cells and elucidated its potential as a tumor suppressor in HCC development.

[Inhibitory effect of NSC348884, a small molecular inhibitor of nucleophosmin, on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepG2].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of NSC348884, a nucleophosmin small molecular inhibitor, on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: After HepG2 cells were treated by NSC348884 for 4 days, the effect of HepG2 cells on proliferation was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, the expression variation of nucleophosmin oligomer and monomer was measured using Western blotting, and cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The proliferation of HepG2 cells was remarkably inhibited by NSC348884 treatment when the drug concentration ranged from 1 micromol/L to 10 micromol/L (P < 0.05), with a 50% inhibiting concentration of 1.4 micromol/L. After treatment for 24 hours, the expression level of nucleophosmin oligomer decreased obviously while that of nucleophosmin monomer increased (both P < 0.05). After treatment by 1 micromol/L and 2 micromol/L NSC348884, the 24-hour apoptotic rates of HepG2 cells were (13.770 +/- 0.335)% and (19.021 +/- 0.237)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than in the control group (6.950 +/- 0.207)% (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: NSC348884 can promote the transformation of nucleophosmin oligomer to monomer and thus inhibit the growth of hepatic carcinoma cell line HepG2 in vitro.

Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of Si-Miao-Yong-An-Tang on Thromboangiitis Obliterans Based on the Urine Metabolomics Approach.

Si-Miao-Yong-An-Tang (SMYAT) is a classic prescription for the treatment of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). However, the effect and mechanism are still unclear. This experiment aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of SMYAT on sodium laurate solution induced thromboangiitis obliterans model rats using urine metabolomics. The therapeutic effect of SMYAT was evaluated by histopathology, hemorheology and other indexes. The urine metabolomic method, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used for clustering group and discriminant analysis to screen urine differential metabolic biomarkers, and explore new insight into pathophysiological mechanisms of SMYAT in the treatment of TAO. SMYAT has significant antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects, according to the results of urine metabolomic analysis, and regulate the metabolic profile of TAO rats, and its return profile is close to the state of control group. Through metabolomics technology, a total of 35 urine biomarkers of TAO model were characterized. Among them, SMYAT treatment can regulate 22 core biomarkers, such as normetanephrine and 4-pyridoxic acid. It is found that the therapeutic effect of SMYAT is closely related to the tyrosine metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism and cysteine and methionine metabolism. It preliminarily explored the therapeutic mechanism of SMYAT, and provided a scientific basis for the application of SMYAT.

ThPOD3, a truncated polypeptide from Tamarix hispida, conferred drought tolerance in Escherichia coli.

The ThPOD1 gene encodes a peroxidase and was isolated from a Tamarix hispida NaCl-stress root cDNA library. We found that ThPOD1 expression could be induced by abiotic stresses such as cold, salt, drought and exogenous abscisic acid. These findings suggested that ThPOD1 might be involved in the plant response to environmental stresses and ABA treatment. To elucidate the function of this gene, recombinant plasmids expressing full-length ThPOD1 as well as ThPOD2 (aa 41-337), and ThPOD3 (aa 73-337) truncated polypeptides were constructed. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses of the fusion proteins revealed that the molecular weights of ThPOD1, ThPOD2 and ThPOD3 were approximately 57, approximately 50 and approximately 47 kDa, respectively. Stress assays of E. coli treated with the recombinant plasmids indicated that ThPOD3 could improve resistance to drought stress. This finding could potentially be used to improve plant tolerance to drought stress via gene transfer.

Autocrine INSL5 promotes tumor progression and glycolysis via activation of STAT5 signaling.

Metabolic reprogramming plays important roles in development and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the underlying mechanism has not been completely defined. In this work, we found INSL5 was elevated in NPC tumor tissue and the plasma of NPC patients. Plasma INSL5 could serve as a novel diagnostic marker for NPC, especially for serum VCA-IgA-negative patients. Moreover, higher plasma INSL5 level was associated with poor disease outcome. Functionally, INSL5 overexpression increased, whereas knockdown of its receptor GPCR142 or inhibition of INSL5 reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell invasion in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Mechanistically, INSL5 enhanced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT5 and promoted glycolytic gene expression, leading to induced glycolysis in cancer cells. Pharmaceutical inhibition of glycolysis by 2-DG or blockade of INSL5 by a neutralizing antibody reversed INSL5-induced proliferation and invasion, indicating that INSL5 can be a potential therapeutic target in NPC. In conclusion, INSL5 enhances NPC progression by regulating cancer cell metabolic reprogramming and is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target for NPC.

[Role of MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, in inducing expression of costimulatory molecules CD86 in leukemic cells and its effect on allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of proteasome inhibitors MG132 in the inducing the expression of the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 in leukemia cells and its effect on allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. METHODS: Acute myelocytic leukemia cells of the line HL-60 and chronic myelocytic leukemia cells of the line K562 were cultured. 7-AAD staining and flow cytometry (FC) were used to examine the viability of the cells. MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, of the concentrations of 2 or 3 micromol/L was added into the culture fluid of HL-60 cells for 24 h and 48 h respectively and then annexin V/7-AAD staining and FC were used to detect the apoptosis of the cells. HL-60 and K562 cells treated with 1 micromol/L MG132 for 24 h and 48 h respectively, anti-CD80 and anti-CD86 antibodies were added, then FC was used to detect the expression of CD80 and CD86. The mRNA expression of CD86 in the HL-60 cells treated with 1 micromol/L MG132 was examined by RT-PCR. HL-60 and K562 cells were treated by 1 micromol/L MG132 for 48 h and then underwent irradiation of 75 Gy Co-60 to kill the cells with their antigenicity preserved. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) of healthy volunteers, as reactive cells, were isolated and inoculated into the Co-60 treated HL-60 and K532 cells of different concentrations, as stimulating cells, for 5 d, CCK-8, a new agent to detect the cell viability, was added for 4 h, and then the A value of absorbance was measured at the wave length of 450 nm of enzyme labeling instrument. Control groups were set up for all tests. RESULTS: The cell viability rates of the HL-60 cell treated with 1 micromol/L MG132 for 24 h and 48 h were 92.95% and 85.87% respectively. The apoptotic rats of the HL-60 cells treated with MG132 were increased dose- and time-dependently. Before MG132 treatment K562 cells did not express CD86, and the CD86 expression of the HL-60 cells was up-regulated time-dependently (all P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of CD86 in the HL-60 treated with MG132 was up-regulated time-dependently (P < 0.01). CKK8 test showed that the proliferation level of PBMNC gradually increased along with the concentration of HL-60 cells treated with MG132 and reached its peak when the concentration of the HL-60 cells was 1 x 10(5) (P < 0.01). No remarkable proliferation of PBMNC was seen in the K562 groups no matter if the HL-60 cells had been treated with MG132. CONCLUSION: MG132 induces the expression of costimulatory molecule CD86 in the HL-60 cells, thus improving the proliferation of PBMNC.

[Feeding habits of Solenocera melantho in the northern East China Sea.] / 东海北部大管鞭虾的食性.

The feeding habits of the mud shrimp Solenocera melantho were determined based on the analysis of 720 stomach contents sampled in the northern East China Sea during June 2009 and May 2010. The diet of the specimens was studied in relation to the season, sex, size class and reproductive condition. The diet of S. melantho consisted of 43 different prey categories, which belonged to small crustaceans, protozoa, polychaetes, algae, fishes and molluscs. Among these, crustaceans, foraminifera and polychaetes made up the main diet of S. melantho with 34.7%, 29.4% and 12.4% in abundance, respectively. Diet composition showed seasonal fluctuation and ontogenetic change. The predominant prey was foraminifera, algae and invertebrate eggs in spring, foraminifera, fishes and polychaetes in summer and autumn, and polychaetes and foraminifera in winter. The feeding intensity was high in spring and summer, and low in autumn. The small size group (<24 mm CL) tended to like foraminifera and algae, while the large size group (≥24 mm CL) preferred polychaetes and crustaceans. Females with advanced ovaries also displayed low stomach fullness, suggesting that feeding activity was affected by the reproductive cycle. S. melantho displayed a high food niche in both sexes and each season, which could be attributed to the fluctuations in available resources. The average trophic level of the S. melantho in four seasons was 2.67, indicating that the species in the northern East China Sea was of low-level carnivores.

Reproductive toxicity of brazilein in ICR mice.

Brazilein is an active small molecular compound extracted from Caesalpinia sappan L. with favorable pharmacological properties on immune system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. C. sappan has been used as a traditional medicine in China for hundreds of years for various diseases. However, the general reproductive toxicity of brazilein is still unknown. The purpose of the present study was to thoroughly evaluate the general reproductive toxicity of brazilein in ICR mice to support the future drug development and modernization of this potent traditional Chinese medicine. The results showed that, although no apparent toxicity on the reproducibility of the male was observed, brazilein might cause considerable risks to the fetuses and females as indicated by the ratios of dead fetuses and reabsorptions. In conclusion, our results from the present study provided some useful insights about the safety profile of brazilein, suggesting that brazilein should be used with caution in pregnant women.

[Study on serological blood group conversion rule and clinical blood transfusion in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the conversion rule of serological blood group and blood group substance after successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and to provide theory for clinical special blood type identification and blood transfusion. METHODS: The growth cycle of recipient WBC and RBC, RBC chimera, blood group antibody production and remaining in full transition were observed. Conversion rule of blood group substance, contradiction between cells typing and sera typing were detected by saline medium tube method and microcolumn gel method after stem cells transplantation. RESULTS: The average time of engraftment in 21 recipients was about 18.6 days, RBC growth cycle in 8 major blood type incompatibility was 56.6 days, 25.9 days in 9 minor blood type incompatibility, 67 days in 4 bidirectional blood type incompatibility (P < 0.01). The ratio of RBC chimeric growth was 1:9, gradually converse to donor's blood group. Residue of recipient anti-A(B) was left after conditioning regimen, disappeared after full transformation, and recipient anti-A(B) was converse to donor's blood type in major blood type incompatibility. 5 A blood type recipient donated by O blood type blood generated anti-B instead of anti-A, 3 B blood type recipient generated only anti-A instead of B in minor blood type incompatibility, and 1 AB blood type recipient donated by A did not generate anti-B. Among 4 bidirectional blood type incompatibility, 2 B blood type recipient donated by A blood type blood did not generate anti-B, 2 A recipient by B could not produce anti-A. Recipient blood group substance helped original ABO blood type substance remain unchanged. CONCLUSION: Among patient with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, recipient's ABO and RBC blood type can be converse to donor's, but there is significant difference between patients of serological blood group and of normal people (P < 0.01). Recipient blood group substance helps original ABO blood type substance remain unchanged (P > 0.01).