RESUMO
In view of the paucity of data on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in Chinese patients, we evaluated the validity of tau, phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau-181), amyloid ß 42 (Aß42), and Aß40 proteins in Chinese patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We recruited 24 patients with AD, 12 nondemented controls, and 12 patients with non-AD dementia. We found the CSF levels of Aß42, tau, p-tau, Aß42-tau, and Aß42-p-tau ratios, except the Aß40 protein level, were significantly different among the 3 groups of patients. Patients with AD had higher levels of CSF tau and p-tau but lower levels of Aß42 proteins, Aß42-tau, and Aß42-p-tau ratios than the nondemented controls. In the diagnosis of AD versus nondementia, the sensitivity and specificity of the ratios of Aß42-tau and Aß42-p-tau were 96% and 83% versus 92% and 83%, respectively. Only the Aß42-p-tau ratio showed satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of AD versus other dementia.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Proteínas tau/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Povo Asiático , Biomarcadores/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Demência/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Demência/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fosforilação , Projetos Piloto , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Proteínas tau/metabolismoRESUMO
Metformin is an invaluable hypoglycaemic agent. We report two cases who had symptomatic vitamin B12 deficiency related to metformin use; the mechanisms are discussed. The clinician must be aware of the possibility of metformin-associated B12 deficiency in users who suffer cognitive impairment, peripheral neuropathy, subacute combined degeneration of the cord or anaemia.