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1.
Environ Sci Technol ; 58(12): 5310-5324, 2024 Mar 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38482792

RESUMO

Global interest grows in blue foods as part of sustainable diets, but little is known about the potential and environmental performance of blue foods from rice-animal coculture systems. Here, we compiled a large experimental database and conducted a comprehensive life cycle assessment to estimate the impacts of scaling up rice-fish and rice-crayfish systems in China. We find that a large amount of protein can be produced from the coculture systems, equivalent to ∼20% of freshwater aquaculture and ∼70% of marine wild capture projected in 2030. Because of the ecological benefits created by the symbiotic relationships, cocultured fish and crayfish are estimated to be carbon-negative (-9.8 and -4.7 kg of CO2e per 100 g of protein, respectively). When promoted at scale to displace red meat, they can save up to ∼98 million tons of greenhouse gases and up to ∼13 million hectares of farmland, equivalent to ∼44% of China's total rice acreage. These results suggest that rice-animal coculture systems can be an important source of blue foods and contribute to a sustainable dietary shift, while reducing the environmental footprints of rice production. To harvest these benefits, robust policy supports are required to guide the sustainable development of coculture systems and promote healthy and sustainable dietary change.


Assuntos
Gases de Efeito Estufa , Oryza , Animais , Técnicas de Cocultura , Alimentos , Dieta
2.
Microb Pathog ; 175: 105991, 2023 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36649780

RESUMO

Gut microbes and their metabolites are essential for maintaining host health and production. The intestinal microflora of pre-weaned calves gradually tends to mature with growth and development and has high plasticity, but few studies have explored the dynamic changes of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in pre-weaned beef calves. In this study, we tracked the dynamics of faecal microbiota in 13 new-born calves by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysed changes in faecal amino acid levels using metabolomics. Calves were divided into the relatively high average daily gain group (HA) and the relatively low average daily gain group (LA) for comparison. The results demonstrated that the alpha diversity of the faecal microbiota increased with calf growth and development. The abundance of Porphyromonadaceae bacterium DJF B175 increased in the HA group, while that of Lactobacillus reuteri decreased. The results of the LEfSe analysis showed that the microbiota of faeces of HA calves at eight weeks of age was enriched with P. bacterium DJF B175, while Escherichia coli and L. reuteri were enriched in the microbiota of faeces of LA calves. Besides, the total amino acid concentration decreased significantly in the eighth week compared with that in the first week (P < 0.05). Overall, even under the same management conditions, microorganisms and their metabolites interact to play different dynamic regulatory roles. Our results provide new insights into changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites of pre-weaned calves.


Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Limosilactobacillus reuteri , Microbiota , Animais , Bovinos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Fezes/microbiologia , Bactérias/genética , Escherichia coli/genética
3.
J Perinat Med ; 51(8): 1082-1096, 2023 Oct 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37486214

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between maternal polymorphisms of NANOS3 rs2016163, HELQ rs4693089, PRIM1 rs2277339, TLK1 rs10183486, ERCC6 rs2228526, EXO1 rs1635501, DMC1 rs5757133, and MSH5 rs2075789 and fetal chromosomal abnormality. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 571 women with fetal chromosome abnormalities (330 pregnant women diagnosed with fetal aneuploidy, 241 with fetal de novo structural chromosome pregnancy) and 811 healthy pregnant women between January 2018 and April 2022. All the above polymorphisms were tested using SNaPshot. RESULTS: All the eight polymorphisms were analyzed for genotypes, alleles, under dominant and recessive genetic models. Significant distribution differences of TLK1 rs10183486 in fetal chromosome structural abnormality were found between the case group and control subjects who were <35 years of age [Genotype: p=0.029; Dominant: OR (95 %CI)=0.46 (0.25-0.82), p=0.01 and allele: OR (95 %CI)=0.47 (0.27-0.82), p=0.01 respectively], while no difference was found in the recessive model [OR (95 %CI)=2.49 (0.31-20.40), p=0.39]. In advanced age subgroups for fetal aneuploidy, significant differences were found in genotypes analysis of PRIM1 rs2277339 (p=0.008), allele analysis of TLK1 rs10183486 [OR (95 %CI)=0.62 (0.42-0.91), p=0.02]. For the fetal chromosome structural abnormality population, HELQ rs4693089 revealed a significant distribution difference (p=0.01) but not in the allele, dominant and recessive genetic models analysis (p>0.05 individually). CONCLUSIONS: For older women, maternal PRIM1 rs2277339 and TLK1 rs10183486 polymorphisms may be associated with fetal aneuploidy, while HELQ rs4693089 may be associated with fetal chromosome structural abnormality. Also, carriers of T allele of TLK1 rs10183486 have a lower risk of fetal chromosome structural abnormality in younger women.

4.
Environ Sci Technol ; 56(13): 9302-9311, 2022 07 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35728519

RESUMO

China is facing the dual challenge of achieving food security and agricultural carbon neutrality. Developing spatially explicit crop emission profiles can help inform policy to mitigate agricultural greenhouse gases (GHGs), but previous life-cycle studies were conducted mostly at national and provincial levels. Here, we estimate county-level carbon footprint of China's wheat and maize production based on a nationwide survey and determine the contribution of different strategies to closing regional emission gaps. Results show that crop carbon footprint varies widely between regions, from 0.07 to 3.00 kg CO2e kg-1 for wheat and from 0.09 to 2.30 kg CO2e kg-1 for maize, with inter-county variation generally much higher than interprovince variation. Hotspots are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang and Gansu provinces, owing to intensive irrigation and high plastic mulch and fertilizer inputs. Closing the regional emission gaps would benefit mostly from increasing crop yields and nitrogen use efficiency, but increasing manure use (e.g., in Northeast, East, and Central China) and energy use efficiency (e.g., in North and Northwest China) can also make important contributions. Our county-level carbon footprint estimates improve upon previous broad-scale results and will be valuable for detailed spatial analysis and the design of localized GHG mitigation strategies in China.


Assuntos
Gases de Efeito Estufa , Agricultura , Pegada de Carbono , China , Produtos Agrícolas , Fertilizantes/análise , Efeito Estufa , Gases de Efeito Estufa/análise , Triticum , Zea mays
5.
J Cell Mol Med ; 25(2): 716-728, 2021 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33225581

RESUMO

Non-coding RNAs are closely associated with tumorigenesis in multiple malignant tumours, including osteosarcoma (OS). Long non-coding RNA Ewing sarcoma-associated transcript 1 (EWSAT1) plays a role in metastasis, and actin cytoskeletal changes in OS remain unclear. In the current study, we showed that EWSAT1 expression was up-regulated in OS and that an elevation in the EWSAT1 expression level was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with OS. Functionally, we showed that knockdown of EWSAT1 suppressed migration and induced actin stress fibre degradation in MNNG/HOS and 143B cells. Moreover, we found that ROCK1 was a key downstream effector in EWSAT1-mediated cell migration and actin stress fibre changes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ROCK1 and EWSAT1 shared a similar microRNA response element of microRNA-24-3p (miR-24-3p). Moreover, we verified that miR-24-3p suppressed ROCK1 and its mediated migration and actin stress fibres change by direct targeting. EWSAT1 promoted ROCK1-mediated migration and actin stress fibre formation through miR-24-3p sponging. Lastly, through an in vivo study, we demonstrated that EWSAT1 promoted lung metastasis in OS. According to the above-mentioned results, we suggest that EWSAT1 acts as an oncogene and that EWSAT1/miR-24-3p/ROCK1 axial could be a new target in the treatment of OS.


Assuntos
Osteossarcoma/metabolismo , Proteína EWS de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Citoesqueleto de Actina/genética , Citoesqueleto de Actina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Humanos , Hibridização In Situ , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Metástase Neoplásica/genética , Osteossarcoma/genética , Proteína EWS de Ligação a RNA/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Adulto Jovem
6.
Appl Opt ; 59(16): 5052-5057, 2020 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32543503

RESUMO

We present a wall-thickness-controlled microbubble fabrication model for whispering-gallery-mode (WGM)-based application. The process of fabricating the model is divided into three sequenced steps: geometry size change of the microcapillary during drawing, expanding the process under internal injection air pressure, and microcapillary waist swell into a microbubble. Experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the model. Experiment results show that wall thickness can reach 1.28 µm-1.46 µm at different injection pressure ranges of 50 kPa. The expected wall thickness of the microbubble can be achieved by changing injection pressure while keeping the diameter, which helps to prepare the required microbubble for practical application.

7.
Opt Express ; 25(21): 25212-25221, 2017 Oct 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29041191

RESUMO

We investigate parametrically amplified eight-wave mixing (PA-EWM). The double dressed PA-four-wave mixing (PA-FWM) is the superposition of one PA-FWM process, two different PA-six-wave mixing (PA-SWM) processes (PA-SWM1 and PA-SWM2 with external dressing field 776nm and 795nm, respectively) and one PA-EWM process. When the phases among FWM, SWM1, SWM2 and EWM change from 0 to π, the double dressed PA-FWM could gradually satisfy the pure enhancement (all 0), partial enhancement and suppression (mixture of 0 and π), or pure suppression condition (all π). The outcomes of the investigation can potentially contribute to the development of multi-channel quantum information processing and high dimensional stereoscopic imaging.

8.
Parasit Vectors ; 17(1): 105, 2024 Mar 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38439083

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The human sortilin protein is an important drug target and detection marker for cancer research. The sortilin from Toxoplasma gondii transports proteins associated with the apical organelles of the parasite. In this study, we aimed to determine the intracellular localization and structural domains of T. gondii sortilin, which may mediate protein transportation. Approaches to the functional inhibition of sortilin to establish novel treatments for T. gondii infections were explored. METHODS: A gene encoding the sortilin protein was identified in the T. gondii genome. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were performed to identify the protein species transported by T. gondii sortilin. The interaction of each structural domain of sortilin with the transported proteins was investigated using bio-layer interferometry. The binding regions of the transported proteins in sortilin were identified. The effect of the sortilin inhibitor AF38469 on the infectivity of T. gondii was investigated. The binding site of AF38469 on sortilin was determined. RESULTS: The subdomains Vps10, sortilin-C, and sortilin-M of the sortilin were identified as the binding regions for intracellular transportation of the target proteins. The sortilin inhibitor AF38469 bound to the Vps10 structural domain of T. gondii sortilin, which inhibited parasite invasion, replication, and intracellular growth in vitro and was therapeutic in mice infected with T. gondii. CONCLUSION: The Vps10, sortilin-C, and sortilin-M subdomains of T. gondii sortilin were identified as functional regions for intracellular protein transport. The binding region for the sortilin inhibitor AF38469 was also identified as the Vps10 subdomain. This study establishes sortilin as a promising drug target against T. gondii and provides a valuable reference for the development of anti-T. gondii drug-target studies.


Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transporte Vesicular , Hidrocarbonetos Fluorados , Parasitos , Piridinas , Toxoplasma , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Toxoplasma/genética , Proliferação de Células
9.
Sci Total Environ ; 933: 173235, 2024 Jul 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750751

RESUMO

Treatment of naphthenic acids (NAs) in wastewater is necessary due to its high toxicity and difficult degradation. In the heterogeneous Fenton-like advanced oxidation of organic pollutant system, the insufficient accessibility of oxidizing agent and NAs greatly hamper the reaction efficiency. CO2-responsive phase transfer materials derived from polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based deep eutectic solvents were specific targeted at the immiscible-binary phase system. The NAs oxidative degradation process was optimized including the kinds of catalyst (Molecular weight of PEG, constitute of DESs, and dosage.), temperature, flow rate of CO2, et al. With the help of fluorescence properties of catalyst, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interaction was visual-monitored and further studied. The amphipathic property of PEG-200/Sodium persulfate/Polyether amine 230 (PEA230) greatly reduced the aqueous/organic phase transfer barrier between sodium persulfate and NAs (up to 84 %), thus accreting oxidation rate. The surface tension decreased from 35.364 mN/m to 28.595 mN/m. To control the reaction rate, the CO2 respond structure of amido played an important role. In addition, the interfacial transfer intermediates and oxidation pathways were also explored by nuclear magnetic resonance, flourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface tension, and radical inhibition experiments. The mechanism of advanced oxidation of NAs catalyzed by CO2-responsive phase transfer catalyst was proposed, which would made up for the deficiency of the system theory of heterogeneous chemical oxidation of organic pollutants.

10.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 968: 176404, 2024 Apr 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38382804

RESUMO

ß-thalassemia, a globally prevalent genetic disorder, urgently requires innovative treatment options. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction stands as a key therapeutic approach. This investigation focused on Ginsenoside Rg1 from the Panax genus for HbF induction. Employing K562 cells and human erythroid precursor cells (ErPCs) derived from neonatal cord blood, the study tested Rg1 at different concentrations. We measured its effects on γ-globin mRNA levels and HbF expression, alongside assessments of cell proliferation and differentiation. In K562 cells, Rg1 at 400 µM significantly increased γ-globin mRNA expression by 4.24 ± 1.08-fold compared to the control. In ErPCs, the 800 µM concentration was most effective, leading to an over 80% increase in F-cells and a marked upregulation in HbF expression. Notably, Rg1 did not adversely affect cell proliferation or differentiation, with the 200 µM concentration showing an increase in γ-globin mRNA by 2.33 ± 0.58-fold, and the 800 µM concentration enhancing HbF expression by 2.59 ± 0.03-fold in K562 cells. Our results underscore Rg1's potential as an effective and safer alternative for ß-thalassemia treatment. By significantly enhancing HbF levels without cytotoxicity, Rg1 offers a notable advantage over traditional treatments like Hydroxyurea. While promising, these in vitro findings warrant further in vivo exploration to confirm Rg1's therapeutic efficacy and to unravel its underlying mechanistic pathways.


Assuntos
Ginsenosídeos , Talassemia beta , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Talassemia beta/genética , Hemoglobina Fetal , gama-Globinas/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo
11.
Mol Hortic ; 4(1): 1, 2024 Jan 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38167546

RESUMO

The transformation and gene editing of the woody species kiwifruit are difficult and time-consuming. The fast and marker-free genetic modification system for kiwifruit has not been developed yet. Here, we establish a rapid and efficient marker-free transformation and gene editing system mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes for kiwifruit. Moreover, a removing-root-tip method was developed to significantly increase the regeneration efficiency of transgenic hairy roots. Through A. rhizogenes-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, the editing efficiencies of CEN4 and AeCBL3 achieved 55 and 50%, respectively. And several homozygous knockout lines for both genes were obtained. Our method has been successfully applied in the transformation of two different species of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis 'Hongyang' and A.eriantha 'White'). Next, we used the method to study the formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals in kiwifruit. To date, little is known about how CaOx crystal is formed in plants. Our results indicated that AeCBL3 overexpression enhanced CaOx crystal formation, but its knockout via CRISPR/Cas9 significantly impaired crystal formation in kiwifruit. Together, we developed a fast maker-free transformation and highly efficient CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system for kiwifruit. Moreover, our work revealed a novel gene mediating CaOx crystal formation and provided a clue to elaborate the underlying mechanisms.

12.
Biomed Opt Express ; 14(7): 3763-3774, 2023 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37497519

RESUMO

A liquid crystal (LC)-based optofluidic whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator has been applied as a biosensor to detect biotin. Immobilized streptavidin (SA) act as protein molecules and specifically bind to biotin through strong non-covalent interaction, which can interfere with the orientation of LCs by decreasing the vertical anchoring force of the alignment layer in which the WGM spectral wavelength shift is monitored as a sensing parameter. Due to the double magnification of the LC molecular orientation transition and the resonance of the WGM, the detection limit for SA can reach 1.25 fM (4.7 × 10-13 g/ml). The measurable concentration of biotin and the wavelength shift of the WGM spectrum have an excellent linearity in the range of 0 to 0.1 pg/ml, which can achieve ultra-low detection limit (0.4 fM), i.e., seven orders of magnitude improvement over conventional polarized optical microscope (POM) method. The proposed optofluidic biosensor is highly reproducible and can be used as an ultrasensitive real-time monitoring biosensor, which will open the door for applications to other receptor and ligand models.

13.
Commun Biol ; 6(1): 52, 2023 01 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36646927

RESUMO

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a potent antimalarial drug, also exhibits distinct property in modulation on Treg and B cells, which has been recognized for decades, but the underlying mechanisms remain understood. Herein we revealed that DHA could promote Treg proliferation, meanwhile, suppress B cell expansion in germinal centers, and consequently decrease the number of circulating plasma cells and the content of serum immunoglobulins. Further, DHA-activated Treg significantly mitigated lipopolysaccharide-induced and malaria-associated inflammation. All these scenarios were attributed to the upregulation of c-Fos expression by DHA and enhancement of its interaction with target genes in both Treg and circulating plasma cells with bilateral cell fates. In Treg, the c-Fos-DHA complex upregulated cell proliferation-associated genes and promoted cell expansion; whereas in plasma cells, it upregulated the apoptosis-related genes resulting in decreased circulating plasma cells. Thus, the bilateral immunoregulatory mechanism of DHA was elucidated and its application in the treatment of autoimmune diseases is further justified.


Assuntos
Antimaláricos , Artemisininas , Plasmócitos , Linfócitos T Reguladores , Artemisininas/farmacologia , Antimaláricos/farmacologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-fos/genética
14.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 242(Pt 2): 124829, 2023 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37210053

RESUMO

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed by amino acids (L-arginine, L-proline, L-alanine) as the hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and carboxylic acids (formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, levulinic acid) as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) were prepared and used for the dissolution of dealkaline lignin (DAL). The mechanism of lignin dissolution in DESs was explored at molecular level by combining the analysis of Kamlet-Taft (K-T) solvatochromic parameters, FTIR spectrum and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of DESs. Firstly, it was found that the formation of new hydrogen bonds between lignin and DESs mainly drove the dissolution of lignin, which were accompanied by the erosion of hydrogen bond networks in both lignin and DESs. The nature of hydrogen bond network within DESs was fundamentally determined by the type and number of functional groups in both HBA and HBD, which affected its ability to form hydrogen bond with lignin. One hydroxyl group and carboxyl group in HBDs provided active protons, which facilitated proton-catalyzed cleavage of ß-O-4, thus enhancing the dissolution of DESs. The superfluous functional group resulted in more extensive and stronger hydrogen bond network in the DESs, thus decreasing the lignin dissolving ability. Moreover, it was found that lignin solubility had a closed positive correlation with the subtraction value of α and ß (net hydrogen donating ability) of DESs. Among all the investigated DESs, L-alanine/formic acid (1:3) with the strong hydrogen-bond donating ability (acidity), weak hydrogen-bond accepting ability (basicity) and small steric-hindrance effect showed the best lignin dissolving ability (23.99 wt%, 60 °C). On top of that, the value of α and ß of L-proline/carboxylic acids DESs showed some positive correlation with the global electrostatic potential (ESP) maxima and minima of the corresponding DESs respectively, indicating the analysis of ESP quantitative distributions of DESs could be an effective tool for DESs screening and design for lignin dissolution as well as other applications.


Assuntos
Solventes Eutéticos Profundos , Lignina , Lignina/química , Solubilidade , Aminoácidos , Solventes/química , Biomassa , Alanina , Prolina , Ácidos Carboxílicos
15.
Med Biol Eng Comput ; 61(9): 2269-2279, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36988789

RESUMO

The attention to cueing among nurses with anxiety affects their nursing quality seriously. Nevertheless, the neural mechanism of attention under anxiety among nurses has not been revealed. In this study, we utilized the event-related potential (ERP) and functional brain networks to investigate the neural mechanism of the cueing attention differences between anxiety and non-anxiety nurse groups (AG-20 nurses; NAG-20 nurses) in the spatial cueing task. The results revealed that in the invalid cues (144 trials), longer reaction times, larger P2 amplitudes, and more linkages between the right frontal and parietal areas were found in AG compared to NAG. In the valid cues (288 trials), there were no significant behavioral and neural differences between the two groups. The AG in the invalid cues showed slower response times, larger P2 and N5 amplitudes, and denser linkages originating from the occipital cortex than those in the valid cues. The convolutional neural network was trained for discriminating between the anxiety nurses and the normal ones, with the average accuracy being 0.76. The findings provided a potential physiological biomarker to predict the anxiety group who need to give more psychological attention. Nurse leaders maybe get more information for offering solutions to retain mental health among nurses.


Assuntos
Sinais (Psicologia) , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Humanos , Encéfalo , Potenciais Evocados , Eletroencefalografia
16.
Front Genet ; 14: 1105184, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37007941

RESUMO

Background: The genetic etiology of fetal chromosome abnormalities remains unknown, which brings about an enormous burden for patients, families, and society. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) controls the normal procedure of chromosome disjunction and may take part in the process. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the association between polymorphisms of MAD1L1 rs1801368 and MAD2L1 rs1283639804, involved in SAC and fetal chromosome abnormalities. Methods: The case-control study collected 563 cases and 813 health controls to test the genotypes of MAD1L1 rs1801368 and MAD2L1 rs1283639804 polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism methods (PCR-RFLP). Results: MAD1L1 rs1801368 polymorphism was associated with fetal chromosome abnormalities alone or combined to lower homocysteine (HCY) levels (alone: dominant: OR: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.19-2.57, and p = 0.005; CT vs. CC: OR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.94, and p = 0.016; lower HCY: C vs. T: OR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.57-0.95, and p = 0.02; dominant: OR = 1.75, 95%CI: 0.79-1.92, and p = 0.005). No significant differences were found in other genetic models or subgroups (p > 0.05, respectively). MAD2L1 rs1283639804 polymorphism revealed a sole genotype in the studied population. HCY is significantly associated with fetal chromosome abnormalities in younger groups (OR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.28-2.47, and p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results implied that the polymorphism of MAD1L1 rs1801368 may become the susceptibility factor to fetal chromosome abnormalities alone or combined to lower HCY levels but not to MAD2L1 rs1283639804 polymorphism. In addition, HCY significantly affects fetal chromosomal abnormalities in younger women.

17.
Sci Total Environ ; 885: 163773, 2023 Aug 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37146826

RESUMO

With the development of the petrochemical industry, a large amount of naphthenic acids in petrochemical wastewater was accumulated in the environment, causing serious environmental pollution. Most of the commonly used methods for the determination of naphthenic acids have the characteristics of high energy consumption, complicated pretreatment, long detection cycle, and the need to send samples to analytical laboratories. Therefore, it is essential to develop an efficient and low-cost field analytical method for rapidly naphthenic acids quantify. In this study, nitrogen-rich carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) was successfully synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method. The fluorescence property of carbon quantum dots was used to achieve the quantitative detection of naphthenic acids in wastewater. The prepared N-CQDs showed excellent fluorescence and stability, showed a good response to naphthenic acids and a linear relationship in the concentration range of naphthenic acids from 0.03 to 0.09 mol‧L-1. The effect of common interferents in petrochemical wastewater on the detection of naphthenic acids by N-CQDs was investigated. The results showed that N-CQDs had good specificity for the detection of naphthenic acids. N-CQDs was applied to the naphthenic acids wastewater, and the concentration of naphthenic acids in the wastewater was successfully calculated according to the fitting equation.

18.
Food Funct ; 14(10): 4696-4705, 2023 May 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37186251

RESUMO

Obesity is a global health problem strongly linked to gut microbes and their metabolites. In this study, ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) reduced lipid droplet size and hepatic lipid accumulation by activating uncoupling protein 1 expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), which in turn inhibited high-fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain in mice. Furthermore, the intestinal flora of mice was altered, the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus and Erysipelatoclostridium was upregulated, and the concentrations of fecal bile acids were altered, with cholic acid and taurocholic acid concentrations being significantly increased. In addition, the beneficial effects of Rg1 were eliminated in mice treated with a combination of antibiotics. In conclusion, these results suggest that Rg1 activates BAT to counteract obesity by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition in HFD-fed mice.


Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo Marrom , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Animais , Camundongos , Tecido Adiposo Marrom/metabolismo , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Ácidos e Sais Biliares/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo
19.
Elife ; 122023 04 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37039469

RESUMO

The host genome may influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and the intestinal microbiota has a significant effect on muscle growth and development. In this study, we found that the deletion of the myostatin (MSTN) gene positively regulates the expression of the intestinal tight junction-related genes TJP1 and OCLN through the myosin light-chain kinase/myosin light chain pathway. The intestinal structure of MSTN-/- pigs differed from wild-type, including by the presence of a thicker muscularis and longer plicae. Together, these changes affect the structure of intestinal microbiota. Mice transplanted with the intestinal microbiota of MSTN-/- pigs had myofibers with larger cross-sectional areas and higher fast-twitch glycolytic muscle mass. Microbes responsible for the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were enriched in both the MSTN-/- pigs and recipient mice, and SCFAs levels were elevated in the colon contents. We also demonstrated that valeric acid stimulates type IIb myofiber growth by activating the Akt/mTOR pathway via G protein-coupled receptor 43 and ameliorates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. This is the first study to identify the MSTN gene-gut microbiota-SCFA axis and its regulatory role in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle growth.


Assuntos
Transplante de Microbiota Fecal , Miostatina , Animais , Camundongos , Suínos , Miostatina/genética , Miostatina/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo
20.
Nat Food ; 4(3): 236-246, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37118263

RESUMO

Agricultural food production is a main driver of global greenhouse gas emissions, with unclear pathways towards carbon neutrality. Here, through a comprehensive life-cycle assessment using data from China, we show that an integrated biomass pyrolysis and electricity generation system coupled with commonly applied methane and nitrogen mitigation measures can help reduce staple crops' life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions from the current 666.5 to -37.9 Tg CO2-equivalent yr-1. Emission reductions would be achieved primarily through carbon sequestration from biochar application to the soil, and fossil fuel displacement by bio-energy produced from pyrolysis. We estimate that this integrated system can increase crop yield by 8.3%, decrease reactive nitrogen losses by 25.5%, lower air pollutant emissions by 125-2,483 Gg yr-1 and enhance net environmental and economic benefits by 36.2%. These results indicate that integrated biochar solutions could contribute to China's 2060 carbon neutrality objective while enhancing food security and environmental sustainability.


Assuntos
Carbono , Gases de Efeito Estufa , Produção Agrícola , Nitrogênio/análise
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