RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of miR-148b in liver injury in rats with traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) and to elucidate its potential mechanism. METHODS: The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and the injury of rat liver was analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Apoptosis of rat hepatocytes and normal rat liver cell line (BRL3A) was identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. MiR-148b and sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content and cell viability were measured by commercial kits and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, respectively. The binding sites of miR-148b and SIRT6 were predicted by the Starbase database and verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: MiR-148b expression in THS rats or ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-treated cells was higher than in the control group. Overexpression of miR-148b further promoted the effects of I/R, which enhanced the levels of ALT, AST and LDH, cell apoptosis of liver tissue or BRL3A cells and decreased the expression of SITR6. Besides, miR-148b negatively correlated with SIRT6, and upregulated the expression of SIRT6 could partly reverse the effect of miR-148b. CONCLUSION: Hepatocyte injury induced by I/R was achieved by regulating miR-148b /SIRT6 axis.
RESUMO
Groundwater pollution risk assessment in the groundwater source field (GSF) is crucial to ensure groundwater quality safety. A systematic method of assessing groundwater pollution in the GSF was established by combining the numerical models of groundwater flow and solute transport in the vadose zone and aquifer. It is featured by revealing the paramount fate of contaminant from the surface to receptor "well (wells)" via the pathway of vadose zone and aquifers. The method was verified in the phreatic and semi-confined aquifers of a vital GSF, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTHR) in China. Nitrate was selected as the model pollutant. The results indicated that the groundwater pollution risk of the phreatic aquifer was dominated by the mediate level (45.27%), and that the second semi-confined aquifer was mainly ranked as relatively low (30.29%) and mediate (38.17%) levels. The groundwater pollution risk maps of the two aquifers were similar. The high and relatively high risk areas were affected by the high intensities of groundwater pollution sources (GPSIs) or short distances from the pollution sources to the pumping well. The low and relatively low risk areas were controlled by low GPSIs and adequate attenuation and denitrification of nitrate in the aquifer. The groundwater pollution risk in the semi-confined aquifer was lower than that in the phreatic aquifer. The groundwater pollution risk mapping provides a valuable scientific reference for the groundwater pollution prevention and control with the focus on the "pollution source" and "groundwater source field". The proposed method can be further applied to the protections of the GSFs in the BTHR.