Leptospira spp. Antibody in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa), Hunting Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and Hunters of Brazil.

Hunting activities are a potential risk factor for human infection with Leptospira spp. and, although wild boar seroprevalence has been studied, there are no concurrent serosurveys of wild boars (Sus scrofa), hunting dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and hunters. The aim of our study was to assess the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. antibodies in free-ranging wild boars, hunting dogs, and hunters, and risk factors associated with exposure in southern and central-western Brazil. Leptospira spp. antibodies were serologically detected using the microscopic agglutination test, with a total 30 serovars. Overall, 12.2% (9/74) of wild boars and 10.6% (16/170) of hunting dogs were seropositive for at least one serovar and all hunters 0.0% (0/49) were seronegative for Leptospira spp. Seropositivity was statistically higher in 42.1% (8/19) wild boars from natural areas when compared to 2.4% (1/41) from anthropized areas (P<0.001), with prevalence ratio of 17.14 (95% confidence interval: 2.29-128.36). Despite the limited sample size, our findings showed that hunters may be less exposed to Leptospira spp. than are wild boars, particularly in natural areas where Leptospira spp. may be maintained by wild reservoirs. In addition to acting as sentinels, hunting dogs may play a role in disease transmission of sylvatic leptospiral serovars.

Ticks and serosurvey of anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa), hunting dogs and hunters of Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Rickettsia bacteria are responsible for diseases in humans and animals around the world, however few details are available regarding its ecology and circulation among wild animals and human populations at high transmission risk in Brazil. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of ticks and Rickettsia spp. in wild boars, corresponding hunting dogs and hunters. METHODS: Serum samples and ticks were collected from 80 free-range wild boars, 170 hunting dogs and 34 hunters from southern and central-western Brazil, from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes, respectively, between 2016 and 2018. Serum samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) to detect IgG antibodies against Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia rhipicephali and Rickettsia amblyommatis. Tick species were identified by morphological taxonomic keys, as previously described. A total of 164 ticks including A. sculptum, A. brasiliense and A. aureolatum were tested in PCR assays for Spotted Fever Group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. RESULTS: A total of 58/80 (72.5%) wild boars, 24/170 (14.1%) hunting dogs and 5/34 (14.7%) hunters were positive (titers ≥ 64) to at least one Rickettsia species. A total of 669/1,584 (42.2%) ticks from wild boars were identified as Amblyomma sculptum, 910/1,584 (57.4%) as Amblyomma brasiliense, 4/1,584(0.24%) larvae of Amblyomma spp. and 1/1,584 (0.06%) nymph as Amblyolmma dubitatum. All 9 ticks found on hunting dogs were identified as Amblyomma aureolatum and all 22 ticks on hunters as A. sculptum. No tested tick was positive by standard PCR to SFG Rickettsia spp. CONCLUSIONS: The present study was the concomitant report of wild boar, hunting dog and hunter exposure to SFG rickettsiae agents, performed in two different Brazilian biomes. Wild boar hunting may increase the risk of human exposure and consequently tick-borne disease Wild boars may be carrying and spreading capybara ticks from their original habitats to other ecosystems. Further studies can be required to explore the ability of wild boars to infecting ticks and be part of transmission cycle of Rickettsia spp.

Fonoaudiologia e Psicanálise: caracterização dessa interface na formação acadêmica de fonoaudiólogos e no discurso de docentes de cursos de Fonoaudiologia / Speech Therapy and Psychoanalysis:repercussions of this interface in the Brazilian speech therapist’s educational background and in the discourse of Speech Therapy teachers

Introdução: o diálogo interdisciplinar que a Fonoaudiologia estabeleceu com a Psicanálise, resultou da busca pelas soluções de problemas clínicos. Em comum, ambas as disciplinas compartilham clínica, linguagem e busca de alívio/superação do sofrimento humano. Objetivo: investigar as repercussões da interface Fonoaudiologia e Psicanálise na formação acadêmica de fonoaudiólogos brasileiros e analisar as categorias psicanalíticas identificadas como mais relevantes em sua atuação, no discurso dos docentes. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo - estudo de caso de um grupo de fonoaudiólogos brasileiros. Realizou-se levantamento nos cursos de Fonoaudiologia das universidades brasileiras na busca de professores-fonoaudiólogos que atuassem nesta interface e, para estes, foram solicitados depoimentos a respeito da interferência da Psicanálise no método clínico terapêutico fonoaudiológico. Os dados quantitativos compuseram um mapeamento dessa interface no Brasil e foram submetidos a tratamento estatístico. Os dados qualitativos, colhidos nos depoimentos dos docentes, foram sistematizados de acordo com a Análise Categorial. Resultados: resultados quantitativos mostraram que esta interface está presente em 07 das 08 regiões brasileiras estabelecidas pelo Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia e que 33 professores-fonoaudiólogos atuam nela. Resultados qualitativos apontaram mudanças nas concepções de sujeito, sintoma e adoção do conceito de transferência como representação emblemática da interface entre Fonoaudiologia e Psicanálise. Conclusão: Embora não existam pesquisas que ofereçam parâmetros sobre mapeamentos quantitativos anteriores, os resultados obtidos neste estudo estimulam a verticalização de pesquisas sobre a interface Fonoaudiologia e Psicanálise, de maneira a avaliar sua dimensão qualitativa, tanto na formação acadêmico profissional quanto nas repercussões das intervenções clínicas realizadas pelos fonoaudiólogos brasileiros adeptos dessa vertente...

Background: the interdisciplinary dialog between Speech Therapy and Psychoanalysis, resulted from the pursuit of clinical problems. In common, both disciplines share clinic, language and search of the relief/overcoming of human suffering. Purpose: investigate which contributions Psychoanalysis has produced in the Speech Therapy education and clinical performance of brazilian speech therapists and analyze the psychoanalytic categories identifi ed in the teachers discourse as the most relevants in their practice. Methods: exploratory study - case study of a group of speech therapists. A survey was made in Speech Therapy courses of brazilian universities in search of teachers/speech pathologists who worked with this interface. For those, depositions were collected regarding the impact of Psychoanalysis in their clinical therapeutic procedures. Quantitative data obtained was submitted to statistical analysis. Concerning qualitative data extracted from the depositions, they were organized according to categorical analysis. Results: Quantitative results showed that such interface is present in 07 from the 08 brazilian regions determined by the Federal Council of Speech Therapy and counts with 33 teachers working on this interface. Qualitative results pointed out changes in the concepts of subject and symptom and use of the concept of transference as iconic theoretical-methodological representation of this interface. Conclusion: although there are no previous researches to offer parameters about quantitative mapping, results of this study stimulates the researches about the interface of Speech Therapy and Psychoanalysis, so as to assess its qualitative dimension, both in the academic professional training and implications of clinical intervention performed by speech therapists adherents of this school...

Introducción: el dialogo interdisciplinar que la Fonoaudiología estableció con el Psicoanálisis resultó de la búsqueda de soluciones a problemas clínicos. En común, ambas disciplinas comparten clínica, lenguaje y búsqueda de alivio/superación del sufrimiento humano. Objetivo: investigar el impacto de la interfaz Fonoaudiología y Psicoanálisis en la formación académica de fonoaudiólogos brasileños y analizar las categorías psicoanalíticas definidas en el discurso de los profesores como más importante en su trabajo. Método: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo - estudio de caso de un grupo de fonoaudiólogos brasileños. Se realizó un levantamiento en los cursos de Fonoaudiología de las universidades brasileñas en busca de profesores que actuaran en esta interfaz y, a ellos, se solicitaron testimonios al respecto de la interferencia del Psicoanálisis en el método clínico terapéutico fonoaudiológico. Los datos cuantitativos obtenidos compusieron un mapeo de esa interfaz en Brasil y fueron sometidos a tratamiento estadístico. Los datos cualitativos, obtenidos por los testimonios, fueron sistematizados de acuerdo con el análisis Categorial. Resultados: Los resultados cuantitativos mostraron que esta interfaz está presente en 07 de las 08 regiones brasileñas establecidas por el Consejo Federal de Fonoaudiología y que 33 profesores fonoaudiólogos actúan en ella. Los resultados cualitativos, apuntaron cambios en las concepciones de sujeto, síntoma y la adopción del concepto de transferencia como representación emblemática de la interfaz entre Fonoaudiología y Psicoanálisis. Conclusión: Aunque no existan investigaciones que ofrezcan parámetros sobre mapeos cuantitativos anteriores, los resultados obtenidos en este estudio estimulan la integración vertical de las investigaciones sobre la interfaz entre Fonoaudiología y Psicoanálisis, de forma a evaluar su dimensión cualitativa, sea en la formación académico profesional, sea en las repercusiones de las intervenciones...