RESUMO
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the U.S. TNM staging of lung cancer is implemented to define the extent of disease and consequently assign prognosis and guide treatment. The newest edition of TNM staging of lung cancer has been released recently. In this article, we present the TNM staging of lung cancer in a concise, yet comprehensive, visual format.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares/classificação , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Humanos , PrognósticoRESUMO
The solitary pulmonary nodule is a common lesion that has multiple benign and malignant causes and when detected often creates a diagnostic challenge. Such a challenge is framed on one side by the need to detect and diagnose lung cancer or other malignancies at an early manageable stage and on the other side by the need to restrain from unnecessary intervention on benign lesions. The article will review the current approach in identifying, evaluating and managing the solitary pulmonary nodule in which imaging and the radiologist play a pivotal role.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Radiografia Torácica , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitário , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Fatores de Risco , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitário/diagnóstico , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitário/diagnóstico por imagem , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitário/etiologia , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitário/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe the usefulness of chest computerized tomography (CT) in the evaluation of uveitis in elderly women and the clinical characteristics of patients with an abnormal chest CT scan. DESIGN: Prospective noncomparative case series. METHODS: We evaluated 30 elderly women, aged 61-83 years, with chronic iritis, vitritis, or choroiditis and with no definitive cause for their uveitis. All patients underwent a battery of diagnostic laboratory studies and chest CT. RESULTS: The diagnostic examination in most patients included serum angiotensin converting enzyme level, serum lysozyme, rapid plasma reagin level, fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test, purified protein derivative skin test, and chest x-rays. Chest CT performed on all patients showed parenchymal, mediastinal, and/or hilar adenopathy in 17 patients (57%). Histopathologic confirmation of sarcoidosis with noncaseating granulomas in the biopsy specimens was obtained in 14 patients: eight by mediastinoscopy, two by bronchoscopy, two by conjunctival biopsy, one by nasal biopsy, and one by vitreous biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: Chest CT can be useful in elderly female patients with chronic uveitis for identifying mediastinal lymphadenopathy and other lesions suggestive of sarcoidosis, as well as to help guide tissue confirmation and to rule out other diagnoses including lymphoma.
Assuntos
Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Linfáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Mediastino/diagnóstico por imagem , Sarcoidose Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Uveíte/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Granuloma/patologia , Humanos , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfonodos/patologia , Doenças Linfáticas/patologia , Masculino , Doenças do Mediastino/patologia , Mediastinoscopia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Sarcoidose Pulmonar/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Uveíte/patologiaRESUMO
Paget-Schroetter syndrome is an uncommon cause of pulmonary thromboembolic disease that should be suspected in young patients in whom effort-related subclavian vein thrombosis should be investigated. Our case illustrates the pivotal role of imaging and the different modalities available to establish such a diagnosis.