RESUMO
Experimental results show that hosing of a long particle bunch in plasma can be induced by wakefields driven by a short, misaligned preceding bunch. Hosing develops in the plane of misalignment, self-modulation in the perpendicular plane, at frequencies close to the plasma electron frequency, and are reproducible. Development of hosing depends on misalignment direction, its growth on misalignment extent and on proton bunch charge. Results have the main characteristics of a theoretical model, are relevant to other plasma-based accelerators and represent the first characterization of hosing.
RESUMO
The humanization of medical education is targeted at integration of humanitarian values and approaches into system of education of medical personnel to improve their professional and personal training. This process includes education in medical ethics, development of communication skills, stress management and implementation of humanitarian disciplines into the curriculum. The humanization contributes into formation of empathy, responsibility and professionalism in future physicians that helps to better understand and consider psychological, social and emotional needs of patients. The problems of including humanitarian sciences into medical education are associated with lack of systematic approach, adequate curricula and qualified lecturers. To optimize process, it is necessary to focus on education of ideals and beliefs, development of integrated curricula and enhancement of humanitarian component of education.
Assuntos
Educação Médica , Humanos , Educação Médica/métodos , Currículo , Ética Médica/educação , Humanismo , EmpatiaRESUMO
Social media is bringing a new dimension to healthcare as it offers an environment through which the public, patients, and healthcare professionals can report health issues with the possibility of potentially improving health outcomes. Social networks are a powerful tool that ensures cooperation between users and is a mechanism of social interaction for a wide range of people. Although the use of social networks for communication in the field of health has a number of advantages, the exchange of information must be monitored for quality and reliability, as well as to preserve the confidentiality of users.
Assuntos
Comunicação , Rede Social , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Instalações de Saúde , Pessoal de SaúdeRESUMO
A long, narrow, relativistic charged particle bunch propagating in plasma is subject to the self-modulation (SM) instability. We show that SM of a proton bunch can be seeded by the wakefields driven by a preceding electron bunch. SM timing reproducibility and control are at the level of a small fraction of the modulation period. With this seeding method, we independently control the amplitude of the seed wakefields with the charge of the electron bunch and the growth rate of SM with the charge of the proton bunch. Seeding leads to larger growth of the wakefields than in the instability case.
RESUMO
We study experimentally the effect of linear plasma density gradients on the self-modulation of a 400 GeV proton bunch. Results show that a positive or negative gradient increases or decreases the number of microbunches and the relative charge per microbunch observed after 10 m of plasma. The measured modulation frequency also increases or decreases. With the largest positive gradient we observe two frequencies in the modulation power spectrum. Results are consistent with changes in wakefields' phase velocity due to plasma density gradients adding to the slow wakefields' phase velocity during self-modulation growth predicted by linear theory.
RESUMO
Fecundity and mass of eggs, as well as survival of offspring, of hatchery-reared small (less than 406 g) females of Atlantic salmon are determined. The absolute fecundity and mass of egg of artificially reared fish are sufficiently less than that of anadromous spawners. Small females are characterized by delayed spawning; histological analysis has demonstrated significant asynchrony in oocyte development of some specimens. Survival of offspring of dwarf females at the early stages of development is lower than of anadromous females. Our results agree completely with the published data. It is suggested that dwarf females are not able to withstand intraspecific and interspecific competition because of low reproductive ability. This explains rarity of natural populations of dwarf (landlocked) forms of Atlantic salmon.
Assuntos
Oócitos/patologia , Ovário/anormalidades , Salmo salar/anormalidades , Animais , Feminino , Fertilidade , Oócitos/metabolismo , Ovário/metabolismo , Ovário/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Differentiated surgical policy was applied in the treatment of 147 children aged under 18 years with acute epididymitis. Basing on laboratory, clinical and ultrasound characteristics, three treatment methods were used: conservative treatment, puncture of the scrotum, revision of the scrotum. Puncture treatment of acute epididymitis appeared effective in accurate diagnosis of indications for this therapy and due performance. Ultrasound potential is shown in differential diagnosis in acute scrotum syndrome.
Assuntos
Epididimite/diagnóstico , Epididimite/cirurgia , Torção do Cordão Espermático/diagnóstico , Torção do Cordão Espermático/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos Masculinos/métodos , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Algoritmos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Drenagem/métodos , Epididimite/complicações , Epididimite/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Punções/métodos , Escroto/cirurgia , Torção do Cordão Espermático/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Cytological, histological, and ultrastructural examinations of 6 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the bronchi were carried out. Cytological studies demonstrated cells of two types: smaller, rounded or slightly elongated cells with hyperchromic nuclei and scarce basophilic cytoplasm, and larger cells with clear nuclei and basophilic, slightly vacuolated cytoplasm. The cells are located among oxyphilic homogeneous substance. Histologically the tumour has a typical cribrose appearance owing to glandular-like and cyst-like cavities among alveolar cell aggregates embedded into intensely developed but poor in cells and somewhat hyalinized stroma. The invasive growth of the tumour with its extension into the depth of the lung on interalveolar septae, perivascular and peribronchial spaces with outgrowth of the capsule was manifest in all cases. Electron microscopic studies showed the tumour elements to be lowly differentiated epithelial cells. No ultrastructural signs of myothelium or secretory mucous activity was found. The results of these studies indicate that this tumour should be designated as adenoid cystic carcinoma but not adenoma of cylindromatous type.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Brônquicas/patologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/patologia , Adulto , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade NeoplásicaRESUMO
An observation of oncocytic carcinoid of the lung is described. The diagnosis was established by electron microscopic examinations which revealed a large number of mitochondria in cell elements of the tumor. Morphological differential diagnosis of this kind of carcinoid, particularly in the pre-operative period, is difficult because signs of oncocytic neoplasias such as large cell size, oxyphilia, and cytoplasmic granularity may be found in metastases of some kinds of cancers as well as in oncocytic adenoma of the lung.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Tumor Carcinoide/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Adenoma/ultraestrutura , Adulto , Tumor Carcinoide/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Microscopia EletrônicaRESUMO
Epidermoid thymoma was referred to thymal malignancies after an evaluation of the data on its clinical course and microscopic structure. This tumor may be diagnosed preoperatively on the basis of an analysis of clinico-roentgeno-endoscopic data and findings of a cytological, histological and electron-microscopic examinations.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Timoma/patologia , Neoplasias do Timo/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoAssuntos
Pneumopatias/diagnóstico , Linfonodos , Doenças Linfáticas/diagnóstico , Doenças do Mediastino/diagnóstico , Punções , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Adulto , Broncoscopia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Globulin-producing cells -- lymphocytes, transitional transformed forms, blasts and plasmocyte-like cells were revealed with the aid of Coon's method in the culture of the human peripheral blood following stimulation with staphylococcus filtrate and phytohemagglutinin. Analysis of dynamics of the appearance of these cells suggests that they originate from a special B-lymphocyte subpopulation -- the immunological memory cells. Some of the globulin-producing cells arose from precursors without any division, in others differentiation was combined with proliferation.