[Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion:Safe Surgical Operation Based on Detailed Anatomical Knowledge].

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF)was developed by R.B. Cloward in the 1950s and it has spread over the world for the treatment of the spinal degenerative disorders. It is considered to be the most effective treatment for patients with anterior compression of the spinal cord. Because most of the surgical complications reportedly occur while approaching the vertebral column through the subcutaneous tissues, precise knowledge of the topographic anatomy of the neck is crucial for effective and safe surgery. In this paper, we describe the appropriate surgical maneuvers in each surgical step, based on anatomical knowledge, for avoiding surgery-related complications. We would like to emphasize that anatomical features differ with individual patients; therefore, careful preoperative evaluation is very important. Surgical strategy, based on adequate preoperative evaluation, will lead to good postoperative results.

Transorbital penetrating head injury by a wooden chopstick in the cavernous sinus: a case report and literature review.

Penetrating head injury is a relatively rare condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although the immediate treatment of penetrating head injury is needed, surgical strategies are varied based on the trajectory of the penetrating objects in the cranium. We present a case of 24-year-old man who sustained a transorbital penetrating injury caused by a wooden chopstick. Neuroimages revealed a linear lesion extending from the left intraorbital segment to the cavernous sinus passing through the superior orbital fissure. The foreign body was successfully removed via the transcranial approach without complications. A careful management based on the perioperative images and correct diagnosis is necessary to avoid unfavorable complications. Four cases of transorbital penetrating injuries have been previously reported, in which the foreign body penetrated through the superior orbital fissure and lodged in the cavernous sinus. The frontotemporal craniotomy with extradural approach can be a useful option to remove foreign bodies around the cavernous sinus regions.

Rare sphenoid ridge intracranial mature teratoma in an adult female.

Intracranially located teratomas usually involve midline brain structures. However, they rarely occur in adults. A 26-year-old woman presented with a growing intracranial mass lesion in the left sphenoid ridge without neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed homogenous hyperintensities without contrast enhancement. The patient underwent gross total excision of the soft, yellowish sphenoid ridge tumor with no cystic component. The surgery was uneventful, with no intraoperative complications. Histological analysis revealed a mature teratoma. She attended regular outpatient neuroradiology follow-up appointments. The present case is an unusual example of a mature teratoma with regard to location, neuroimaging appearance, macroscopic intraoperative findings, histological tumor subtype, and patient age and sex.

Primary Orbital Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma.

BACKGROUND: Primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the orbit is a rare condition. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 41-year-old man presented with a history of right ophthalmalgia with eye movement and exophthalmos that had developed 2 months earlier. Neuroimages revealed a right orbital mass located above the superior rectus muscle. Tumor resection through the right frontal craniotomy was performed. Histopathologic findings showed the dedifferentiated liposarcoma. CONCLUSIONS: Primary orbital dedifferentiated liposarcomas remain challenging for their diagnosis and standard treatment. Clinicians should keep in mind the possibility of liposarcoma with orbital tumors.