Interfacial engineered PANI/carbon nanotube electrode for 1.8 V ultrahigh voltage aqueous supercapacitors.

Flexible three-dimensional interconnected carbon nanotubes on the carbon cloth (3D-CNTs/CC) were obtained through simple magnesium reduction reactions. According to the Nernst equation, the cell voltage based on these pure carbon electrodes without any additives could reach 1.5 V due to the higher di-hydrogen evolution over potential in neutral 3.5 M LiCl electrolytes. In order to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrodes, 3D-CNTs/CC electrodes covered with polyaniline barrier layer (3D-PANI/CNTs/CC) were prepared byin situelectropolymerization using interfacial engineering method. The assembled symmetric supercapacitors display a broadened voltage of 1.8 V, high areal capacitance of 380 mF cm-2, outstanding areal energy density of 85.5µWh cm-2and 84% of its initial capacitance after 20 000 charge-discharge cycles. This work demonstrated that the interface engineering strategy provides a promising way to improve the energy density of carbon-based aqueous supercapacitors by widening the voltage and boosting the capacitance simultaneously.

Optimizing the Production of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Alkaloids from Macleaya cordata by Subcritical Water Extraction Technology.

In this work, the subcritical water extraction technology was used to extract alkaloids from Macleaya cordata, and the effects of extraction temperature and time on its yield were investigated to find the best extraction conditions. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of Macleaya cordata extract were studied. Furthermore, through the single-factor method, it was found that properly increasing the extraction temperature and prolonging the extraction time was conducive to increasing alkaloid yield. Still, a considerable amount of alkaloids might be decomposed by heat, resulting in a decrease in their yield. The results showed that the optimal extraction temperature of alkaloids from Macleaya cordata with subcritical water is 190 °C, the time is 45 min, and the corresponding maximum yield is 35.19±0.12 mg/g (sanguinarine equivalent in raw materials). In addition, the antioxidation and bacteriostasis abilities of subcritical water extract are better than those of traditional hot water extract, indicating that it is a feasible method to extract alkaloids from Macleaya cordata with subcritical water.

Etiological Survey and Traceability Analysis of a Foodborne Disease Outbreak of Salmonella Senftenberg in Guizhou Province.

To conduct a study that examined the molecular epidemiology and pathogenesis of Salmonella Senftenberg isolates associated with an outbreak of foodborne disease in Guizhou Province and to provide a reference basis for the traceability of foodborne salmonellosis outbreaks and clinical diagnosis and treatment in the province. Fourteen strains of suspected Salmonella isolated from patient stool and food samples were used for pathogenic identification and serotyping by biochemical and mass spectrometry methods. Fourteen types of antibiotics were tested for drug sensitivity by the microbroth dilution method, and molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). After the sequencing data were spliced by SPAdes, the gene protein sequences were compared with the Comprehensive Antibiotic Research Database and Virulence Factor Database, drug resistance and virulence genes were predicted, and whole genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) was performed. The results were compared with those for Salmonella strains of the same serotype from the past 5 years in China detailed on the TraNet website. All 14 strains were identified as Salmonella Senftenberg (with the antigenic formula 1,3,19:g,s,t:-), and in the PFGE cluster tree, the strains were divided into two band types, with a similarity of 88.9%. The 14 strains were sensitive to the 14 antibiotics. WGS analysis showed that the 14 strains carried the same drug resistance and virulence genes and that all strains carried 3 aminoglycoside and lipopeptide drug resistance genes, including 114 virulence genes. The wgMLST results showed that the strains were distributed on the same small branch as those obtained from previous outbreaks of infection in Tianjin and Jilin. Salmonella Senftenberg, which caused the outbreak, carries a variety of virulence genes, which suggests that the strain is highly pathogenic. These pathogenic bacteria may be associated with the Salmonella strain in Tianjin, Jilin, and other places and have caused foodborne disease outbreaks as a result of imported contamination.

High-Performance MoO3 Nanoplate Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitor with Long-Term Electrochemical Stability.

In the present study, by controlling the content of ammonium molybdate via a facile hydrothermal method, we achieved MoO3 electrodes with different morphologies, i.e., triangular nanoplates, triangular prisms and four prisms. As the electrode material of supercapacitors, the MoO3 electrodes with triangular nanoplates show the highest specific capacitance (104 mAh g-1 at 2 mA cm-2) as well as a good cycling performance with 92.4% retention rate after 8000 cycles at 10 mA cm-2. Subsequently, an asymmetric supercapacitor is fabricated using the MoO3-0.15 and activated carbon (AC) as cathode and anode, respectively. The fabricated supercapacitor shows a high energy density of 24.8 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 358 W kg-1. Significantly, the device manifests a long-term cycling stability with retention rate of 103% even after 16000 cycles. According to the noted facts, the promising prospects of MoO3 electrode for practical applications in supercapacitor are definitely confirmed.

An Aqueous Hybrid Supercapacitor Employing Honeycomb-Shaped MoS2 Nanosheets as Anode.

In this work, MoS2 nanosheets (NSs) are applied as a novel anode to deliver a high-performance supercapacitor (SC). A MoS2 NSs anode with a special honeycomb-shaped structure, is synthesized using a hydrothermal method, and subsequently applied in conjunction with an electrodeposited Co(OH)2 NSs cathode to create a new cost-effective aqueous hybrid SC cell. The as-fabricated Co(OH)2//MoS2 hybrid SC exhibits a number of attractive characteristics, including: (1) a stable operation voltage window of 1.5 V; (2) remarkable cycling stability with a retention ratio of 92.3% after 4000 cycles; (3) an energy density of 24.0 Wh kg-1 at a current density of 0.5 mA cm-2 and a high power density of 1932.0 W kg-1 at a current density of 2.5 mA cm-2. The experimental results evidence that MoS2 is a promising candidate for the development of SC anodes.

Alkyl Side-Chain Engineering in Wide-Bandgap Copolymers Leading to Power Conversion Efficiencies over 10.

A series of wide-bandgap (WBG) copolymers with different alkyl side chains are synthesized. Among them, copolymer PBT1-EH with moderatly bulky side chains on the acceptor unit shows the best photovoltaic performance with power conversion efficiency over 10%. The results suggest that the alkyl side-chain engineering is an effective strategy to further tuning the optoelectronic properties of WBG copolymers.