Climacturia after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Adverse effects in the sexual sphere are common in patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy (RP). Climacturia, involuntary loss of urine during orgasm, occurs in 20-40% of cases after PR. We analyse its prevalence and associated risk factors after Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP). OBJECTIVES: We analyse the climacturia prevalence after robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) and the association with other related factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 100 patients underwent PRLAR from May 2011 to July 2014. After excluding patients who received radiotherapy after surgery (17), those who did not have sexual activity (7) and those with whom it could not be possible contacted (14), a structured telephone interview was conducted in 62 patients, investigating: presence and intensity of climacturia, orgasmic quality, incontinence and erectile dysfunction (ED). Other factors analysed included neurovascular preservation and rehabilitative treatment for ED. The statistical analysis consisted of Chi2test and logistic regression to evaluate associated factors. RESULTS: The mean age was 56 vs 59 years and the mean follow-up time was 26.6 vs 20.3 months, in the group with climacturia and without climacturia, respectively. The prevalence of climacturia was 17.9% (slight leaks-82% and severe leaks-18%). In 37% of these patients occurred in all orgasms. The quality of orgasm after surgery was worse in 47%, better in 13% and equal in 40%. The quality of the orgasm worsened more frequently in the climacturia group (63% vs 37%). The urinary incontinence rate was 41%, always effort incontinence. It was more frequent in patients with climacturia (62% vs 38%). In all patients with climacturia, bilateral neurovascular bundles preservation was performed. 32% of the patients had undergone post-surgical erectile rehabilitation with oral drugs. No statistically significant differences were found between patients with or without climacturia respect to the parameters analysed. CONCLUSIONS: Climacturia rate after PRLAR in our series was 17.9%. Patients with climacturia presented worse quality orgasms and a higher incontinence rate (p> 0.05). None of the analysed parameters could be defined as predictors of climacturia.

[Renal transplant recipient evaluation.] / Estudio urológico del candidato a trasplante renal.

Urological evaluation is essential to guarantee the success of the kidney transplant. Urologists working within a multidisciplinary team have a crucial role to detect and manage certain recipient urological conditions that could jeopardize the function and survival of the graft.The critical aspects that Urologists should consider in thepre-transplant evaluation would be:- Is renal transplantation surgical technique feasible with assumable risks based on the recipient's baseline characteristics? age, life expectancy, performance status,physical examination...- Is bladder function adequate to properly ensure the urine storage and voiding?- Is there a potentially treatable urinary flow obstruction?- Are there urological pathologies in the recipient that could lead to post-transplant complications that compromise graft survival: functional, infectious, oncological comorbidities…?- Based on the patient's cardiovascular risk factors, arteriosclerosis in the aorto-iliac territory colud put at risk thearterial anastomosis? In this chapter, we will try to explain how the pre-transplant urological evaluation should be guided according to the specific recipient characteristics. We will also explain which pre-transplant surgeries are required to avoid some risky that may compromise the recipient and graft survival after renal transplantation, as well as those should be postponed after transplantation.

La evaluación urológica en el estudio pre-trasplante es una pieza clave para garantizar eléxito del mismo. El papel del urólogo dentro de un equipo multidisciplinar que lleva a cabo esta evaluación es fundamental para detectar y manejar ciertas patologías urológicas del receptor que podrían poner en riesgo la función y supervivencia del injerto. Los puntos clave que el urólogo debe tratar en la consulta pretrasplante serían:- ¿La técnica quirúrgica del trasplante renal es viable con riesgos asumibles en base a las características basales del receptor? Edad biológica, esperanza de vida ,estado basal, exploración física…- ¿La función vesical es adecuada para asegurar un correcto almacenaje de la orina y una adecuada excreción de la misma?- ¿Existe una obstrucción al flujo urinario potencialmente tratable?- ¿Existen en el receptor patologías urológicas que puedan conllevar complicaciones en el post-trasplante que comprometan la función y supervivencia del injerto?:funcionales, infecciosas, oncológicas…- ¿En base a los factores de riesgo cardiovascular del paciente, podría existir una arteriosclerosis en el territorioaorto-iliaco que impida una anastomosis arterial congarantías? En este capítulo, trataremos de exponer cómo debemos orientar la consulta pre-trasplante desde el punto de vista urológico, comenzando por el estudio básico hasta el estudio más específico en base a características concretas del receptor. Además, expondremos cuáles son las cirugías pre-trasplante requeridas para eliminar condiciones de riesgo presentes en el potencial receptor que puedan comprometer la supervivencia del mismo y del injerto tras el trasplante renal así como, aquellos procedimientos programados indicados tras el trasplante.