Subcutaneous and total fat at L4-L5 and subcutaneous, visceral and total fat at L3-L4 are important contributors of fasting and postprandial adiponectin levels.

OBJECTIVES: Insulin resistance and central obesity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypoadiponectinemia in obesity. The aim of this study is to evaluate circulating post-prandial adiponectin in relation to glucose and insulin metabolism, indexes of insulin resistance and sensitivity and, indexes of body fat accumulation and distribution in obese men. METHODS: Twenty-eight non-diabetic men underwent an OGTT followed by an oral fat load and were studied at baseline and for 5 h post-prandially for serum adiponectin, glucose and insulin. Insulin resistance was estimated by Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and insulin sensitivity by Matsuda index. Body fat accumulation and distribution were evaluated by anthropometric indexes and multiple slices MRI of the abdomen and hip. RESULTS: Adiponectin was negatively correlated to insulin levels. Fasting and area under the curve (AUC) adiponectin levels were negatively correlated to HOMA (both p < 0.01) and positively to Matsuda index (both p < 0.05). Negative correlations between fasting adiponectin and total fat (r = -0.408, p < 0.05), AUC adiponectin and subcutaneous, visceral and total fat (r = -0.375, -0.413 and -0.475 respectively, all p < 0.05) at L3-L4 were found, and negative correlations between fasting adiponectin and subcutaneous (r = -0.402, p < 0.05) and total fat (r = -0.491, p < 0.05) and between AUC adiponectin and subcutaneous and total fat (r = -0.506 and -0.547, respectively, both p < 0.01) were present at L4-L5. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating adiponectin is inversely correlated to both visceral and subcutaneous fat in non-diabetic men, implying that both compartments are important for adiponectin levels. The best correlation is found at measurement site L4-L5.

Soluble FAS and FAS ligand levels in seminal plasma: association with basic parameters of semen analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Binding of FAS ligand (FASL) to its physiological receptor FAS, induces the activation of caspase-8, which triggers cell death. The FAS-FASL system regulates germ cell death. In this study, the role of the FAS-FASL system in male infertility was examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 72 samples were used (age=38.76 ± 9.06 years). Basic semen analysis was performed according to the WHO Laboratory Manual. Soluble (s) forms of FAS and FASL were measured in seminal plasma using commercially available immunoassay kits. RESULTS: Among the examined samples, 24 were normal and 48 abnormal, as evaluated by basic semen analysis. sFAS and sFASL levels in abnormal samples were slightly higher than in the normal ones. In all samples, sFAS correlated negatively with pH. In normal samples, sFAS was positively correlated with sperm concentration. In abnormal samples, sFAS strongly correlated with sFASL. CONCLUSION: Both factors of the FAS system were detected in seminal plasma. Further studies are necessary to shed light into the possible role of FAS-FASL system in male infertility.

Chromosome instability in patients with chronic renal failure.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), the presence of cytostaticity, cytotoxicity, and therefore, the possible genetic instability in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in human cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes. METHODS: Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured from 32 patients with CRF (average 55.2 years) and 18 healthy blood donors (average 44.6 years), and the SCE method was applied afterward. The increase in SCE frequency was evaluated as an immediate DNA damage index, while the reduction in the values of the proliferating rate indices was evaluated as a cytostatic index and the mitotic indices as a cytotoxic index was also measured. RESULTS: A significant increase in the SCE frequencies along with a significant reduction in mitotic indices was observed in patients with CRF compared with the controls. It is notable that there was no significant difference in SCE levels among patients with CRF and cancer, and patients with CRF alone. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates increased genetic instability in patients with CRF. These results could also be of a great importance in early diagnosis to prognosticate a possible generation of neoplasm in the future.