The combination of loratadine with famotidine to relieve the symptoms of urinary frequency in female patients with bladder function disorders：First report of three cases.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES: Urinary frequency is a common presentation of bladder function disorders in female patients. Few medicines are effective in all patients. The use of loratadine combined with famotidine had not been previously reported for this indication. CASE DESCRIPTION: Three female patients complaining of urinary frequency had been given loratadine at 10 mg QD combined with famotidine 20 mg BID for about 5 months. They all achieved symptom improvement. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: The combination of loratadine with famotidine was used to treat urinary frequency. It was safe, effective, and convenient, and may be an option for oral medical therapy in female patients with bladder function disorders.

Advancements in the research of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal cancer (EC) has a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage or with distant metastasis, making surgery impossible. Traditional curative radiotherapy and chemotherapy have limited efficacy. In recent years, with the development of clinical trials, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promising results in treating advanced and metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. ICIs have gradually become a primary therapeutic approach for EC. This review summarizes and provides an overview of the current research status and progress of ICIs in the treatment of advanced ESCC patients.

A study on construction of a prognosis model for liver cancer based on analgesic targets and screening therapeutic drugs.

BACKGROUND: Liver cancer is one of the most malignant liver diseases in the world, and the 5-year survival rate of such patients is low. Analgesics are often used to cure pain prevalent in liver cancer. The expression changes and clinical significance of the analgesic targets (ATs) in liver cancer have not been deeply understood. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to clarify the expression pattern of ATs gene in liver cancer and its clinical significance. Through the comprehensive analysis of transcriptome data and clinical parameters, the prognosis model related to ATs gene is established, and the drug information sensitive to ATs is mined. METHODS: The study primarily utilized transcriptomic data and clinical information from liver cancer patients sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. These data were employed to analyze the expression of ATs, conduct survival analysis, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), immune cell infiltration analysis, establish a prognostic model, and perform other bioinformatic analyses. Additionally, data from liver cancer patients in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were utilized to validate the accuracy of the model. Furthermore, the impact of analgesics on key genes in the prognostic model was assessed using data from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). RESULTS: The study investigated the differential expression of 58 ATs genes in liver cancer compared to normal tissues. Patients were stratified based on ATs expression, revealing varied survival outcomes. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted distinctions in spindle organization, centrosome, and spindle microtubule functions. Prognostic modeling identified low TP53 expression as protective, while elevated CCNA2, NEU1, and HTR2C levels posed risks. Commonly used analgesics, including acetaminophen and others, were found to influence the expression of these genes. These findings provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies for liver cancer and shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying its progression. CONCLUSIONS: The collective analysis of gene signatures associated with ATs suggests their potential as prognostic predictors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. These findings not only offer insights into cancer therapy but also provide novel avenues for the development of indications for analgesics.

Development of a multivariable clinical prediction model for liposomal doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult breast cancer patients: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: The clinical use of anthracyclines is limited by the risk of cardiotoxicity. So, we aim to develop a clinical prediction model for liposomal doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult breast cancer patients. Methods: We designed a multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 257 hospitalized breast cancer patients treated with doxorubicin liposomes were finally enrolled in the study, including 58 patients from Beijing Friendship Hospital and 199 from Beijing Cancer Hospital. In all, 32 cases developed cardiotoxicity, including 4 at the Beijing Friendship Hospital and 28 at the Beijing Cancer Hospital. The study involved breast cancer patients with no pre-existing heart disease, whose clinical data were collected from their medical records. All patients underwent electrocardiogram (ECG) and/or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measurements prior to treatment with doxorubicin liposomes. Patients were clinically assessed after each cycle of treatment, and ECG and/or LVEF measurements were performed at least once after treatment. Liposomal doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity was defined when one of the following three conditions was met: (I) a reduction in LVEF of at least 5% from the baseline and the absolute value was less than 55%, accompanied by congestive heart failure (CHF) symptoms or signs; (II) a reduction in LVEF of at least 10% to an absolute value of less than 55%, without CHF symptoms or signs; (III) the definite diagnosis of CHF. Variables associated with cardiotoxicity were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the consistency and differentiation of the final model were evaluated. Results: In our final model, age [odds ratio (OR): 5.626, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.321 to 13.639], cancer metastasis (OR: 3.873, 95% CI: 1.220 to 12.299), paclitaxel (OR: 3.601, 95% CI: 1.010 to 12.843), and hypertension (OR: 2.435, 95% CI: 1.046 to 5.671) were significantly associated with cardiotoxicity. The final model was tested for Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit, the χ2 was 2.696 and the P value was 0.747, and the resultant predictive model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC; AUC) curve of 0.781. Conclusions: This study established a risk prediction model for liposomal doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients and performed a stratified risk scores.

Pemetrexed is mildly active with good tolerability for treatment of patients with colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE: This systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based salvage chemotherapy for treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based regimens on response and safety for patients with colorectal cancer were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) were calculated. RESULTS: For pemetrexed based regimens, 4 clinical studies including 201 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were considered eligible for inclusion. The analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 20.4% (41/201). Major adverse effects were neutropenia, anorexia, fatigue, and anemia. No treatment related death occurred with pemetrexed based treatment. CONCLUSION: This systematic analysis suggests that pemetrexed based regimens are associated with mild activity with good tolerability in treating patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.