Ventilation assisted feedback in out of hospital cardiac arrest.

Excessive ventilatory volumes and rates during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can lead to adverse effects, such as elevated intrathoracic pressure and decreased coronary blood flow. The 2020 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines acknowledge the value of real-time feedback devices in improving CPR performance. In this case series, three out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases received ventilation feedback during prehospital resuscitation and the initial in-hospital care phase. In each case, a notable increase in ventilation rate and volume was observed following the transfer of care from emergency medical services to hospital staff. This deviation from established ventilation guidelines emphasizes the importance of monitoring and addressing ventilation strategy during the transition to hospital care. Existing evidence supports the importance of maintaining specific ventilation rates and tidal volumes during cardiac arrest to improve outcomes. We believe further research is essential to establish a definitive link between ventilation strategies and patient outcomes, ultimately enhancing resuscitation efforts and patient survival rates. Integrating real-time ventilation feedback devices both in and out of the hospital during cardiac arrest presents an opportunity for quality improvement and adherence to national standards.

Evolutionary puzzle of Toxoplasma gondii with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

The World Health Organization has reported an annual global suicide rate of 14.5 per 100,000 people. On the other hand, it is estimated that approximately one-third of the global population are infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite. It is widely assumed that microbial pathogens, such as T. gondii, are probably associated with affective and behavioural modulation. The present article aimed to assess the proposed role of toxoplasmosis in raising the risk of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) using the available epidemiological data. Seven major electronic databases and the Internet search engine Google were searched for all the studies published between the 1st of January 1950 and 31st of October 2019. The heterogeneity and the risk of bias within and across studies were assessed. Following data extraction, pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) across studies were calculated using the random-effects models. A total number of 9,696 articles were screened and 27 studies were regarded as eligible in our systematic review (SI with five papers and 22 papers on SA). A significant association was detected between antibodies against T. gondii with TA (ORs = 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-2.00, p = .000). Exploration of the association between T. gondii and SA yielded a positive effect of seropositivity for IgG antibodies but not IgM. Despite the limited number of studies, a statistical association was detected between suicidal behaviours and infection with latent T. gondii.