RESUMO
We evaluated effectiveness of personal protective measures against severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Our case-control study included 211 cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and 839 controls in Thailand. Cases were defined as asymptomatic contacts of COVID-19 patients who later tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; controls were asymptomatic contacts who never tested positive. Wearing masks all the time during contact was independently associated with lower risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with not wearing masks; wearing a mask sometimes during contact did not lower infection risk. We found the type of mask worn was not independently associated with infection and that contacts who always wore masks were more likely to practice social distancing. Maintaining >1 m distance from a person with COVID-19, having close contact for <15 minutes, and frequent handwashing were independently associated with lower risk for infection. Our findings support consistent wearing of masks, handwashing, and social distancing to protect against COVID-19.
Assuntos
Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/prevenção & controle , Máscaras/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Equipamento de Proteção Individual/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Idoso , COVID-19 , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/transmissão , Feminino , Desinfecção das Mãos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/transmissão , Fatores de Risco , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , SARS-CoV-2 , Tailândia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Paediatric sepsis prevalence data from low-income and middle-income countries are lacking. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed clinician recognition and documentation of non-neonatal community-acquired paediatric sepsis in two rural border provinces in Thailand among children admitted between October and December 2017. Of the 152 children meeting sepsis criteria (26.9 paediatric sepsis patients per 1000 admissions), 15 (9.9%) had a clinician-documented admission diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock and 18 (11.8%) had a discharge diagnosis with International Classification of Diseases-10 codes related to sepsis. Clinician underdocumentation may cause challenges in global paediatric sepsis surveillance.