How ESG reporting is effected by sustainable finance and green innovation: moderating role of sales growth.

In light of the conflicting findings within the existing empirical literature regarding the factors influencing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosures in the context of sustainable investment and firms' green innovation performance (GIP), our current study stands out as a distinctive research endeavor that examines how the relationship is influenced by the moderating effects of sales growth. Non-financial trade manufacturing companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges between 2015 and 2020 were selected for this study. For data estimation, panel regression estimations using OLS and fixed effects models have been used. The results demonstrate a significant moderation of manufacturing industry's sales growth in China on the relationship between ESG disclosures and sustainable finance (operationalized by green credit, and green investment), and green innovation (operationalized by R&D intensity and green patents). Several practical takeaways are offered to boost green innovation performance among ESG reporting enterprises and increase the effectiveness of R&D intensity. These findings, including policy recommendations, will benefit all stakeholders.

Exploring the China-Pakistan economic corridor project performance during Covid-19 pandemic.

The outburst of the coronavirus into the global arena, first as a respiratory disease and later as a worldwide pandemic and health emergency, pushed the world economic order into complete turmoil and aftermath, posing severe challenges to the financial stability of developing countries like Pakistan. The temporary suspension of economic activities worldwide has resulted in significant disruptions to international supply chains, leading to substantial delays in implementing infrastructure projects associated with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The pandemic has further hindered CPEC progress. Building mega-projects, such as the CPEC, is crucial in determining the economic stability of a nation such as Pakistan. Nevertheless, it is essential to consider that the implementation of infrastructure projects can be subject to delays due to the COVID-19 lockdown and travel restrictions. However, it is worth noting that there needs to be more scholarly research available examining the ongoing progress and performance of CPEC projects from a particular perspective. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown policy and travel restrictions on CPEC project performances by highlighting the role of socioeconomic and infrastructure development factors. The study will shed light on numerous causes of concerns in project development phases and provide policy recommendations to help CPEC officials reduce project losses and better survival in the event of extreme uncertainty. The data were collected through an online survey from all over Pakistan using self-administered questionnaires with 570 responses from CPEC employees, officials, and professors from management and economic departments. The structural equation modeling (SEM) technique analyzes the problem mentioned above. As per the results of this study, it is evident that the COVID-19 lockdown policy and travel restrictions have a detrimental effect on the construction of the CPEC project. Moreover, it has been observed that the socioeconomic and infrastructure development associated with the CPEC has a notable impact on the performance of the CPEC projects. This paper aims to provide valuable insights to policymakers by examining the management of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of the CPEC.

Unpaid leave on COVID-19: The impact of psychological breach contract on emotional exhaustion: The mediating role of job distrust and insecurity.

This research intends to increase awareness of the existence of psychological breach contracts on emotional exhaustion in the context of a prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, with the function of organizational distrust (OD) and job insecurity (JI) serving as mediating factors. We used partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to look at the 437 questionnaires that private sector workers in Pakistan filled out during the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings of direct and indirect effects show that (PBC) psychological breach contract directly leads to emotional exhaustion (EH) and has a significant indirect relationship through job insecurity (JI). Moreover, psychological contract breach (PBC) directly leads to emotional exhaustion (EH) and has a significant indirect relationship through organization distrust (OD). The study shows both theoretical and practical implications, as well as areas where more research needs to be done.

Dynamic analysis of the determinants of long-term microfinance interest rates: Macro and micro factors.

Introduction: A recent increase in interest rates has raised doubts about the stability of micro-finance institutions (MFI) A recent increase in interest rates has raised doubts about the stability of MFI in many countries. This has compelled governments to consider some MFI practices unethical. Methods: This paper studies the MFI interest rates by using a dynamic panel method to identify the determining factors of the viability, financial, and social execution of microfinance firms. The research shows that the long-term interest rate evolution depends on the anticipation of loan loss rates (LLR), profit, or macroeconomic factors like inflation and the short-term current interest rate. The Study used database of 897 microfinance institutions in 106 countries and six geographic regions with a representative sample size of 5,075 observations between 2008 and 2020. The external factors considered are the market structure (Competition), economics (inflation), cultural and technological political conditions, and banking regulations in effect (regulation). Financial costs, operational costs, the write-off rate, and the average size of the loan are the most important determinant factors in MFI interest rate fluctuations. Results: The research find that other factors like gender, legal status, and regulations also contribute to the MFI interest rate variation. The research also discovered that there is a threshold effect in the relationship between women borrowers (WB) and the interest rate. Another important finding of this study is that MFIs do not anticipate inflation in the definition of the interest rate. Discussion: From an institutional point of view, it is necessary to promote competition, as the study shows that well-regulated competition helps to keep interest rates at a reasonable level.

COVID-19 and financial performance: Pre and post effect of COVID-19 on organization performance; A study based on South Asian economy.

The COVID-19 epidemic has damaged developing as well as developed economies and reduced the profitability of several companies. Technological advancement plays a vital role in the company's performance in this current situation. All activities carry on virtually. In this study, the financial performance of enterprises in the South Asian banking industry will be compared before and after the COVID-19 epidemic. Furthermore, the full influence of the pandemic will take place in the long run. This study also explains the technological effect on improving performance, especially during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has an impact on people's social lives as well as the economic world. This study examined a sample of 34 banks from the South Asian region from 2016 to 2021. A Wilcox rank test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference before and after the epidemic era. The overall conclusion of this study is that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant influence on the bank's financial performance, particularly in terms of profitability. But technological advancement has a positive effect on organizational performance, ultimately increasing the financial performance of South Asian banks. And there is a big difference between pre-pandemic and post-pandemic organizational performance. The findings of this study have significant policy implications since it is clear that cooperation among governments, banks, regulatory agencies, and central banks is necessary to address the financial and economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.