Epidemiology and outcome analysis of burn patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit in a University Hospital.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiologic aspects of burn victims who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at the Burn Center in the University Hospital of the State University of Londrina (UEL). METHODS: A longitudinal retrospective study was conducted, involving patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Burn Center from January 2010 to December 2012. Demographic and diagnostic data including the diagnosis of the extent and causes of the burns, complications resulting from the burns and the need for specific surgical interventions were collected, together with data for the calculation of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS-28) and Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI). Data were collected at admission and daily until discharge from the burn Intensive Care Unit. Risk factors for death and the prognostic performance of scores to predict mortality were analyzed. The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-three patients were analyzed in the study; 68.30% were men, with a median age of 38 years (interquartile range: 28-52). The mean total body surface area burned was 26.60±18.05%. Home incidents were the most frequent cause, occurring in 53.90% of the cases. Fire was the most common cause, found in 77.10% of patients. Liquid alcohol was the most common agent and was associated with 51.50% of the cases. The ABSI presented a median of 7, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.890. In multivariate analysis, age (p<0.001), female gender (p=0.02), total body surface area burned (p<0.001), mechanical ventilation (p<0.001) and acute renal failure (p<0.001) were all associated with mortality. ICU mortality was 32.80%, and hospital mortality was 34.10%. CONCLUSION: Burns most often occurred in young adult men in our study. The most common cause was a direct flame. Liquid alcohol was the most frequent accelerating agent. Patients were considered to be severely burned. Most of the samples had a high mean total body surface area burned. The ABSI score showed the best performance in discriminating non-survivors. Hospital mortality rate was high.

Análise descritiva dos pacientes com sepse grave ou choque séptico e fatores de risco para mortalidade / Descriptive analysis of patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and risk factors for mortality

O conhecimento dos fatores de risco para morte em pacientes graves com choque séptico e sepse grave pode auxiliar a identificar os pacientes que necessitam maior vigilância e possivelmente irão utilizar mais recursos para aumentar as chances de sua recuperação. Este estudo, realizado durante o período de junho a dezembro de 2008, tem como objetivo avaliar os fatores de risco para morte em pacientes com sepse grave e choque séptico internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Durante o período de estudo, foram analisados 54 pacientes,com média de idade de 59,03 ± 19,17 anos, que foram admitidos na UTI com diagnóstico inicial de sepse grave ou choque séptico, sendo 35 deles do sexo masculino. Apresentavam média do escore APACHE II de 26,22 ± 8,58 e média do escore SOFA de 9,46 ± 4,18 no primeiro dia de internação naUTI. A mortalidade geral foi de 61,1%. No modelo multivariado, os fatores associados com risco para morte foram o sexo masculino como proteção e o escore APACHE II como risco.

The knowledge of risk factors for death in critically ill patients with severe sepsis and septic shock may help to identify patients who require intensive monitoring and possibly will use more resources to increase their chances for recovery. This study, conducted from June to December 2008, aims to evaluate risk factors for death in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of University Hospital of Londrina State University. During the study period, 54 patients were analyzed, aged 59.03 ± 19.17 years, who were admitted to the ICU with an initial diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock, and 35 of them were male. The mean APACHE II score for these patients was 26.22 ± 8.58 and the mean SOFA score was 9.46 ± 4.18 in the first day in ICU. The overall mortality was 61.1%. In multivariate analysis factors associated with risk for death were male gender as protection and APACHE II score as risk factor.

O início precoce do suporte nutricional como fator prognóstico para pacientes com sepse grave e choque séptico / Early initiation of nutritional support as a prognostic factor for patients with severe sepsis

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a evolução de pacientes críticos que tiveram diagnóstico de sepse grave e utilizaram suporte nutricional precoce durante o período que permaneceram na UTI. Foi realizado estudo observacional prospectivo dos pacientes com diagnóstico de sepse grave admitidos naUTI do Hospital Universitário no período de estudo. Foi utilizada a ficha clínica do Banco de Dados do CTI do HU-UEL para a obtenção das variáveis analisadas. Com este estudo, observou-se que o suporte nutricional foi iniciado precocemente em metade dos pacientes com diagnóstico de sepse grave ouchoque séptico no período de estudo e o início precoce do suporte nutricional resultou em redução do tempo de internação na UTI. Não foi observada diferença na ocorrência de disfunções orgânicas ou na mortalidade associadas com início precoce do suporte nutricional.

The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of critical patients diagnosed with severe sepsis who used early nutritional support during the period that stayed in the ICU. Prospective observational study was conducted of patients with severe sepsis who were admitted to the ICU of University Hospital during the study period. The clinical database of the HU-UEL ICU was used to obtain the variables. In this study, we observed that early nutritional support was initiated in half of patients with severe sepsis or septic shock during the study period and the beginning of early nutritional support resulted in reduced duration of hospitalization in the ICU. We could not detect difference in the occurrence oforgan dysfunction or mortality associated with early initiation of nutritional support.

Trombocitopenia como fator prognóstico em pacientes com sepse grave internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva / Thrombocytopenia as a prognostic factor in patients with severe sepsis in Intensive Care Unit

Estudos mostram que a trombocitopenia provavelmente reflete a gravidade e o curso de uma condição patológica subjacente, e a sua correção parece estar associada a melhor prognóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a trombocitopenia como fator prognóstico em pacientes com sepse grave ou choque séptico à admissão internados em UTI do Hospital Universitário de Londrina durante o período de junho a dezembro de 2008. Foi realizado estudo observacional prospectivo. Foram analisados 54 pacientes com média de idade de 59,03 ± 19,17 anos, sendo 64,8% masculino. Os dados foram obtidos do Banco de Dados do CTI do HU-UEL. As variáveis desse banco utilizadas foram: idade, sexo, período de observação, diagnóstico de admissão na UTI, gravidade da doença avaliada pelo escore APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), presença de co-morbidades, disfunções orgânicas avaliadas pelo escore SOFA e dados laboratoriais de contagem de plaquetas. A média da contagem de plaquetas em todos os pacientes na admissão da UTI foi de 209.018 ± 148.209/ mm3, sendo que 26% dos pacientes apresentaram trombocitopenia durante a internação. Quando comparada a contagem de plaquetas entre os pacientes sobreviventes e não sobreviventes, durante toda a internação, foi observada média significativamente menor nos não sobreviventes.

Previous studies show that thrombocytopenia probably reflects the severity and course of subclinical pathological condition, and its correction seems to be associated with better prognosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate thrombocytopenia as a prognostic factor in patients with severe sepsis admitted to the ICU of Londrina University Hospital from June to December, 2008. Prospective observational study was conducted. We analyzed 54 patients aged 59.03 ± 19.17 years, 64.8% man. Data were obtained from the Database of ICU’s HU-UEL. The following variables were used: age, gender, period of observation, diagnosis of ICU admission, severity of illness assessed by APACHE II score (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), presence of comorbidities, organ dysfunction assessed by scoring SOFA and laboratory data of platelet count. The average platelet count in all patients on admission to ICU was 209,018 ± 148,209/ mm3, and 26% of patients had thrombocytopenia during ICU stay. When compared platelet count between survivors and non survivors patients we observed significantly lower mean count in non survivors.