Evaluating Child Sexual Abuse Perpetration Prevention Efforts: A Systematic Review.

Many child sexual abuse prevention efforts focus on the prevention of victimization, through education of children and parents, bystander training, and policies and practices in youth-serving organizations (e.g. requiring criminal record checks). However, there has been growing attention to child sexual abuse perpetration prevention, targeted at individuals who are at risk of perpetration. We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting outcomes for child sexual abuse perpetration prevention interventions. Only seven studies were identified in our review, with five intended for adults and two intended for children. Four of the five adult studies had significant methodological concerns, precluding strong conclusions from these studies. We concluded that higher-quality evaluations of perpetration prevention efforts are greatly needed. We also identified intrafamilial perpetration prevention, particularly interventions for parents or caregivers, as a critical gap in the literature. Suggestions for child sexual abuse perpetration intervention evaluation and delivery are discussed.

Beyond workplace violence: Direct and vicarious trauma among psychiatric hospital workers. A qualitative study.

AIM: We aimed to explore psychiatric nurses' and other psychiatric workers' understanding of trauma in the context of their relationships with the people they care for and the effects on their mental health. BACKGROUND: Workplace violence in psychiatric hospitals can lead to mental health problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder. Professional relationships with the people they care for may complicate psychiatric workers' experiences of trauma. METHODS: We qualitatively analysed responses of 30 psychiatric workers who answered relevant open-ended questions in a survey of workplace violence and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. RESULTS: We found that respondents were profoundly affected by violence and vicarious trauma through the current and previous suffering of people in their care. The effects of vicarious exposure and other potentially psychologically traumatic events were often made worse by lack of organizational support. CONCLUSION: Not only direct exposure to violent events but also indirect exposure, vicarious traumatic stress and perceived lack of organizational support affect staff's well-being. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Management should ensure that mental health supports are not limited to workers directly affected by workplace violence but should extend to those who witnessed the event and to those regularly exposed to vicarious trauma.

Perceptions of Workplace Violence and Workplace Stress: A Mixed Methods Study of Trauma among Psychiatric Workers.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among psychiatric workers is related to workplace violence and work-specific stress. We used quantitative and qualitative approaches to survey PTSD symptoms, critical events, chronic exposures, and occupational stress in 84 psychiatric workers. All but three had directly experienced critical events, over half experienced someone's life being in danger, and 14% screened positive for PTSD. Symptoms correlated with critical events and perceived threat to life. Respondents described emergency codes, direct involvement, and repeated exposure as most stressful. Symptoms also correlated with nonviolent stressors, replicating previous research and indicating need to reduce both violence and workplace stress.

Mental health workers' experiences of support and help-seeking following workplace violence: A qualitative study.

The consequences of workplace trauma among mental health staff can include physical injuries and somatic disorders, professional exhaustion and burnout, depression, anxiety, and other occupational stress injuries. For the well-being of staff and patients, there is a need to understand mental health workers' experiences following exposure to workplace trauma, any subsequent mental health problems, and the process of help-seeking. The nuances of these experiences can best be captured through qualitative exploration. In this study, we explored inpatient mental health workers' experiences of support and help-seeking following workplace violence. Four overall themes emerged from interviews with 12 participants: (i) validation as motivation for help-seeking; (ii) stigma as a barrier to help-seeking; (iii) gaps in services provided; and (iv) desire for accessible and effective trauma support and education. This study demonstrates the need for supportive management responses and peer support, access to specialized and confidential trauma-informed mental health services, and reductions in stigma, victim blaming, and other barriers to help-seeking among mental health workers.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, Anxiety Symptoms and Help Seeking in Psychiatric Staff: Trouble de stress post-traumatique, dépression, symptômes d'anxiété et recherche d'aide chez le personnel psychiatrique.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: In this study, we surveyed 761 psychiatric hospital staff (69% women, 71% full-time, 56% nursing) regarding their exposure to trauma in the workplace; symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety; help seeking; and perceived barriers for help seeking. RESULTS: Significant proportions of staff met the screening cutoffs for probable PTSD (16%), depression (20%), and anxiety (16%). Comorbidity was high, with approximately half of those meeting the screening cutoff for PTSD also meeting the cutoffs for depression or anxiety. Only PTSD symptoms were uniquely associated with exposure to trauma in the workplace, but both PTSD and depression symptoms significantly predicted help seeking. Staff who met one or more screening cutoffs perceived more barriers to help seeking such as difficulty with accessing services. CONCLUSION: Implications for supporting psychiatric staff exposed to trauma are discussed.

The role of Kisspeptin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and not fully elucidated pathology. This prevalent endocrinopathy affects patients in reproductive age, impacts on estrogen-dependent diseases, as well as in infertility. In this context, Kisspeptin (KP) may be considered a potential biomarker for PCOS diagnosis and follow-up. Here, we aimed to verify the levels of KP in obese and non-obese patients with PCOS, their relationship with other hormones, in comparison to healthy controls. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, Health Technology Assessment Database, and Web of Science for eligible studies. A random effects model meta-analysis of standardized mean difference (SMD) was conducted and the I2 was used to assess heterogeneity. Meta-regression was conducted through mixed-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were included, comprising 660 PCOS patients and 600 controls. The KP levels were lower in the control group (0.76: 0.17-1.35; 95% CI). In the subgroup analyses, patients were divided in non-overweight/obese (BMI < 25) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25) groups. The meta-regression revealed a difference between the obese and non-obese groups (z = 2.81; p = 0.0050). CONCLUSIONS: PCOS patients showed higher KP levels than control, and obese non-PCOS patients also showed altered KP levels. All studies had poor descriptions of sample collection, pre-analytical and analytical procedures, which is critical considering structural characteristics of the KP molecule.

Physical activity in solid organ transplant recipients: Participation, predictors, barriers, and facilitators.

BACKGROUND: Our objectives were to describe the physical activity (PA) levels, predictors, barriers, and facilitators to PA in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. METHODS: A web-based questionnaire was sent to members of the Canadian Transplant Association including the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and questions regarding barriers and facilitators of PA. RESULTS: One hundred and thirteen SOT recipients completed the survey. The median PASE score was 164.5 (24.6-482.7). Re-transplantation was the only statistically significant predictor of levels of PA. The most common facilitators of PA included a feeling of health from activity (94%), motivation (88%), social support (76%), knowledge and confidence about exercise (74%) and physician recommendation (59%). Influential barriers were cost of fitness centers (42%), side effects post-transplant or from medications (41%), insufficient exercise guidelines (37%), and feelings of less strength post-transplant (37%). CONCLUSION: There is a large variation in PA levels among SOT recipients. Multiple factors may explain the variance in PA levels in SOT recipients. Identification of facilitators and barriers to PA can inform the development of health and educational promotion strategies to improve participation among SOT recipients with low activity levels.

Do Early Fetal Measurements and Nuchal Translucency Correlate With Term Birth Weight?

OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, physiological variation in fetal weight is believed to emerge during the latter half of pregnancy. Although recent evidence suggests that crown-rump length (CRL) and nuchal translucency (NT) measured at 11-14 weeks correlate with abnormal fetal growth, findings have been limited by dating accuracy in spontaneous gestations. Therefore, we sought to determine whether CRL or NT measurements correlated with term birth weight (BW) or BW ratio in a cohort of IVF pregnancies, in which the date of conception is precisely known. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 227 term, singleton IVF pregnancies. Subjects were included if they had an early first-trimester ultrasound examination and subsequent nuchal translucency (NT) screening. The difference between the measured and the expected CRL and the biparietal diameter (BPD) and NT measurement were calculated and correlated with the actual term BW or BW ratio. The BW ratio was calculated using the actual BW and the expected BW for GA. RESULTS: The difference between measured and expected mid-first-trimester CRL, and the BPD at NT assessment, correlated with BW ratio at delivery (rSpearman = 0.15, P = 0.023 and rSpearman = 0.27, P < 0.001, respectively). Absolute NT measurements and NT percentiles (adjusted for CRL) correlated with BW ratio at delivery (rSpearman = 0.18, r = 0.14, and P = 0.005 and 0.038, respectively). CONCLUSION: In this well-dated IVF population, we report a significant correlation between BW ratio and first-trimester CRL, BPD, and NT measurements. These findings support the hypothesis that physiological variation in BW can be reflected by variation in first-trimester fetal measurements.

Development and content validation of a course in mental health nursing care.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate the content of a professional training course in mental health nursing care for hospitalized adult medical-surgical patients. METHOD: Content validation research, with the participation of eight experts recruited in 2019, focused on a hospital institution in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected online and treated by descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS: Four items of the course were evaluated, obtaining a Content Validation Index (CVI) of 0.98 in the item "concepts in mental health and its applicability to hospitalized medical-surgical patients"; 0.93 in the item "Pre- and post-course on evaluation of knowledge in mental health"; 0.95 in the item "Global overview of the systematization of nursing care in mental health"; and 0.94 in the item "Flowchart of the new mental health tree". CONCLUSION: The validation of the professional training course showed satisfactory CVI, and its content validated for use.

A deficiency screen of the 3rd chromosome for dominant modifiers of the Drosophila ER integral membrane protein, Jagunal.

The mechanism surrounding chromosome inheritance during cell division has been well documented, however, organelle inheritance during mitosis is less understood. Recently, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been shown to reorganize during mitosis, dividing asymmetrically in proneuronal cells prior to cell fate selection, indicating a programmed mechanism of inheritance. ER asymmetric partitioning in proneural cells relies on the highly conserved ER integral membrane protein, Jagunal (Jagn). Knockdown of Jagn in the compound Drosophila eye displays a pleotropic rough eye phenotype in 48% of the progeny. To identify genes involved in Jagn dependent ER partitioning pathway, we performed a dominant modifier screen of the 3rd chromosome for enhancers and suppressors of this Jagn-RNAi-induced rough eye phenotype. We screened through 181 deficiency lines covering the 3L and 3R chromosomes and identified 12 suppressors and 10 enhancers of the Jagn-RNAi phenotype. Based on the functions of the genes covered by the deficiencies, we identified genes that displayed a suppression or enhancement of the Jagn-RNAi phenotype. These include Division Abnormally Delayed (Dally), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, the γ-secretase subunit Presenilin, and the ER resident protein Sec63. Based on our understanding of the function of these targets, there is a connection between Jagn and the Notch signaling pathway. Further studies will elucidate the role of Jagn and identified interactors within the mechanisms of ER partitioning during mitosis.

A case of liver injury and pneumo-haemoperitoneum during pericardiocentesis.

Pericardiocentesis is a generally safe procedure that provides effective resolution of cardiac tamponade. Emergency pericardiocentesis may be a life-saving intervention. Encountering an intra-abdominal organ in the path of the needle is predicted to be a potential complication in emergency subxiphoid approaches. Despite predictions of intraabdominal injuries, only few instances are recorded. In this case study, a patient recovering from percutaneous cardiac intervention required an emergency pericardiocentesis that was complicated by a liver injury, diaphragmatic penetration and pneumo-haemoperitoneum requiring surgical intervention to remove the drain. The case discusses options for performing the procedure, patient factors that can complicate the procedure and radiological and surgical diagnosis and treatment of this rare event.

Workplace stressors and PTSD among psychiatric workers: The mediating role of burnout.

Critical workplace events (e.g., assaults), chronic stressors, burnout, and work conditions all affect nurse well-being. The present study investigated associations among these sources of stress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in psychiatric nurses, hypothesizing that burnout would mediate the paths between workplace stressors and PTSD. Surveys were completed by 611 psychiatric nurses or allied health staff working on inpatient units in three psychiatric hospitals. Participants reported on critical events and chronic stressors specific to providing psychiatric care and completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS) (work conditions), and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Burnout had a direct relation to PTSD symptoms and partially mediated the effect of exposure to critical events, but not chronic stressors, on PTSD symptoms. Chronic stressors related to patients' disturbing behaviour (e.g., flooding room, eating non-food items) had a direct effect on PTSD symptoms, but those related to resisting care (e.g., screaming constantly, physically resisting care) had no significant association. Worklife conditions had a negative direct effect on Burnout and indirect effect on PTSD, whereby participants reporting poorer alignment of work conditions with their expectations had higher Burnout and PTSD symptom scores. Different sources of workplace stress have different relations to PTSD symptoms, and Burnout has both direct and mediation effects. Interventions aimed at reducing patients' aggressive and disturbing acts and improving healthcare providers' burnout and worklife factors in hospitals may all be needed to reduce PTSD among psychiatric staff.

Advanced triage protocols in the emergency department: A systematic review and meta-analysis. / Protocolos de triagem avançada no serviço de emergência: revisão sistemática e metanálise.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of using advanced triage protocols on the length of stay, safety and satisfaction of the patients and professionals in the emergency department. METHOD: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials included in the Embase, BVS, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library databases and in the gray literature, using Review Manager 5.4. Studies that analyzed length of stay in their outcomes were included and the studies excluded were those that considered other triage protocols. RESULTS: 26,672 peer-reviewed studies were found and ten were included in the meta-analysis. For the patients' length of stay, seven studies were included in the meta-analysis (n=8,229), showing a 36-minute reduction (-0.36[-0.55;-0.17] p=0.002), a result with low certainty of evidence, favorable to the intervention, varying between -0.53 (-0.81;- 0.25) and -0.29 (-0.50;-0.07) in the analysis of the subgroups. Regarding the exams requested, five studies were included (n=2,270), indicating that there is no significant difference between the groups (odds ratio 0.94 [0.64;1.38]). Four studies (n=6,094) analyzed the patients' and the professionals' satisfaction, indicating a favorable result to the intervention. CONCLUSION: The advanced triage protocol reduced length of stay in the emergency room without compromising care safety and quality, although more randomized clinical studies on the theme are needed. Registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019142640).

Workplace violence and risk factors for PTSD among psychiatric nurses: Systematic review and directions for future research and practice.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Trauma among psychiatric nurses and other healthcare workers is related to workplace violence, but other risk factors may also contribute, including those occurring before, during or after workplace violence. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Most previously identified PTSD risk factors were not tested or supported in research with psychiatric nurses, although there is promising evidence for risk factors including severe or injurious assault, cumulative exposure, burnout, and other worker characteristics. We identify directions for research needed to improve knowledge, including collecting data before nurses experience workplace violence, defining workplace risk factors consistently and conducting and reporting qualitative analysis. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Provide training in risk assessment and violence prevention to psychiatric nurses. Offer mental health support to those exposed to violence, especially with cumulative exposure. ABSTRACT: Introduction Psychiatric nurses are at risk of workplace violence and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is limited understanding of pre-trauma and post-trauma risk factors. Aim Our aim was to review factors associated with workplace PTSD in psychiatric nurses. Method We searched quantitative and qualitative studies from 1980 to 2019 in 23 databases plus abstracts for studies on psychiatric hospital nursing staff, potentially traumatic workplace events, workplace factors and PTSD. Following duplicate abstract (n = 10,064) and full-text (n = 199) screening, data were extracted in duplicate from 19 studies. Using best-fit framework synthesis, we identified workplace violence, pre-trauma and post-trauma risk factors. Results Six variables yielded evidence in at least two empirical studies scoring at least 6/8 on a quality measure, or one such study plus more than one other study ("promising": severe/injurious assault, cumulative exposure, burnout, poor mental health, low compassion satisfaction, neuroticism). Four were supported by at least one better quality study or at least two others ("suggestive": gender, poor training, any physical aggression exposure, compassion fatigue). Discussion Pre-trauma measures, consistent definitions of workplace exposures and thorough reporting of quantitative results are needed to improve research. Implications for Practice Violence prevention and mental health care for exposed nurses appear the most promising targets for PTSD prevention. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand workplace violence and mental health among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals.

Workplace characteristics of forensic and nonforensic psychiatric units associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.

Workplace factors associated with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in inpatient psychiatric settings have received limited attention. In this study, we examined critical exposures, patient care stressors, and aspects of workplace environment that are potentially associated with PTSD symptoms in a sample of 633 clinical staff (68% nursing staff, 70% female) who provided direct day-to-day care for patients, and indicated they worked in either forensic (57%) or nonforensic units (43%). Forensic staff reported more direct exposure (74%) to a wider variety of potentially traumatic events and chronic stressors than nonforensic staff (66%). Forensic staff also endorsed more PTSD symptoms. Using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition, DSM-5), 22% of forensic staff and 11% of nonforensic staff met the screening cut-off for possible PTSD; PTSD symptom scores were predicted both by direct exposure and unit type. Additionally, workplace environment and organizational trust were negatively correlated with PTSD symptom scores, where forensic staff reported a greater degree of incongruence with their workplace and lower levels of trust in management, compared with nonforensic staff. These results offer a snapshot of the more adverse work environment and associated risks faced by clinical staff on forensic units compared with nonforensic settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Contribution of Critical Events and Chronic Stressors to PTSD Symptoms Among Psychiatric Workers.

OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric staff are exposed to critical events (e.g., violence, physical threats) in the workplace and thus are at risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The authors examined the prevalence of PTSD symptoms among psychiatric hospital staff in Canada and the role of potentially traumatic critical events and chronic stressors (e.g., witnessing patients engaging in self-injury) in affecting psychiatric staff's mental health. METHODS: The authors analyzed cross-sectional survey data from 761 psychiatric staff (69% female, 57% nursing, 64% with more than 5 years of experience in mental health). The analysis focused on questions about exposure to critical events and chronic stressors. RESULTS: Sixteen percent of participants met a screening cutoff score on the PTSD Checklist-5, a self-report PTSD measure. Almost all staff (96%) had been directly or indirectly exposed to at least one critical event, and two-thirds (67%) had been directly exposed to at least one such event. Nursing staff reported higher scores than did allied health staff. A regression analysis yielded a model in which both critical events and chronic stressors were significant contributors to the variance in PTSD symptoms; professional discipline and gender did not explain additional variance. CONCLUSIONS: PTSD is a significant concern for psychiatric staff. Exposure to violence and chronic stressors were found to contribute significantly and independently to explaining PTSD symptom checklist scores.

CpG-creating mutations are costly in many human viruses.

Mutations can occur throughout the virus genome and may be beneficial, neutral or deleterious. We are interested in mutations that yield a C next to a G, producing CpG sites. CpG sites are rare in eukaryotic and viral genomes. For the eukaryotes, it is thought that CpG sites are rare because they are prone to mutation when methylated. In viruses, we know less about why CpG sites are rare. A previous study in HIV suggested that CpG-creating transition mutations are more costly than similar non-CpG-creating mutations. To determine if this is the case in other viruses, we analyzed the allele frequencies of CpG-creating and non-CpG-creating mutations across various strains, subtypes, and genes of viruses using existing data obtained from Genbank, HIV Databases, and Virus Pathogen Resource. Our results suggest that CpG sites are indeed costly for most viruses. By understanding the cost of CpG sites, we can obtain further insights into the evolution and adaptation of viruses.

Comparação do nível de dependência de Enfermagem e dimensionamento entre unidades de internação clínica e cirúrgica / Comparación del nivel de dependencia de Enfermería y dimensionamiento entre unidades clínicas de hospitalidad y quirúrgico / Comparison of Nursing dependency levels and sizing between clinical and surgical inpatient units

Resumo Objetivo comparar o nível de dependência dos cuidados de Enfermagem e o dimensionamento de pessoal entre unidades de internação clínica e cirúrgica. Método estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado em quatro unidades de internação de um hospital universitário de grande porte do sul do Brasil. Foram incluídos 7.486 registros da classificação dos pacientes entre janeiro e outubro de 2022. Empregou-se a análise estatística descritiva, demanda de horas de Enfermagem, projeção de pessoal e teste qui-quadrado. Resultados prevaleceram os pacientes de cuidados intermediários (40,2%) e semi-intensivos (40,8%), com diferença entre as unidades (p-valor<0,001). Em todas as unidades verificou-se o déficit de enfermeiros. Em uma unidade clínica, o quadro de técnicos/auxiliares de Enfermagem projetado era igual ao disponível (n=46). Em duas unidades, verificou-se um discreto a moderado superávit de pessoal de nível médio. A unidade de internação cirúrgica que teve a melhor taxa de classificação (92,3%) apresentou maior discrepância entre o dimensionamento prescrito e o real. Conclusão e implicações para prática as unidades apresentaram uma elevada dependência do cuidado de Enfermagem. Ao considerar também as taxas de ocupação e de adesão à classificação de pacientes, é plausível que uma das unidades clínicas tenha a maior demanda de cuidados.

Resumen Objetivo comparar el nivel de dependencia de los cuidados de Enfermería y el dimensionamiento de personal entre las unidades de hospitalización clínica y quirúrgica. Método estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, realizado en cuatro unidades de hospitalización de un gran hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. Se incluyeron datos de 7.486 registros de clasificación de pacientes entre enero y octubre de 2022. Se utilizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos, demanda de horas de Enfermería y proyección de personal, además de comparación mediante la prueba de Chi-cuadrado entre unidades. Resultados predominaron los pacientes de cuidados intermedios (40,2%) y semi-intensivos (40,8%), con diferencia entre unidades (p-valor<0,001). En todas las unidades había escasez de enfermeros. En una unidad clínica, el número de técnicos/auxiliares de Enfermería proyectados era igual al disponible (n=46). En dos unidades, hubo un excedente de leve a moderado de personal de nivel medio. La unidad de hospitalización quirúrgica que tuvo la mejor tasa de clasificación (92.3%) tuvo la mayor discrepancia entre el tamaño prescrito y el real. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica las unidades mostraron alta dependencia de los cuidados de Enfermería. Sin embargo, considerando también los índices de ocupación y la adherencia a la clasificación de los pacientes, es posible que una de las unidades clínicas presente la mayor demanda de atención.

Abstract Objective to compare the level of dependence on nursing care and staffing between clinical and surgical inpatient units. Method This is a descriptive, retrospective study carried out in four inpatient units of a large university hospital in southern Brazil. A total of 7,486 patient classification records were included between January and October 2022. Descriptive statistical analysis, demand for nursing hours, staff projections, and the chi-square test were used. Results Intermediate care (40.2%) and semi-intensive care (40.8%) patients prevailed, with a difference between the units (p-value<0.001). There was a shortage of nurses in all the units. In one clinical unit, the projected number of nursing technicians/assistants was the same as the number available (n=46). In two units, there was a slight to moderate surplus of mid-level staff. The surgical inpatient unit with the best classification rate (92.3%) showed the greatest discrepancy between the prescribed and actual sizing. Conclusion and implications for practice the units were highly dependent on nursing care. When also considering occupancy rates and adherence to patient classification, it is plausible that one of the clinical units has the highest demand for care.

Development and content validation of a course in mental health nursing care / Elaboración y validación de contenido de un curso de enfermería en salud mental / Elaboração e validação de conteúdo de um curso na atenção de enfermagem em saúde mental

ABSTRACT Objective To develop and validate the content of a professional training course in mental health nursing care for hospitalized adult medical-surgical patients. Method Content validation research, with the participation of eight experts recruited in 2019, focused on a hospital institution in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected online and treated by descriptive and analytical statistics. Results Four items of the course were evaluated, obtaining a Content Validation Index (CVI) of 0.98 in the item "concepts in mental health and its applicability to hospitalized medical-surgical patients"; 0.93 in the item "Pre- and post-course on evaluation of knowledge in mental health"; 0.95 in the item "Global overview of the systematization of nursing care in mental health"; and 0.94 in the item "Flowchart of the new mental health tree". Conclusion: The validation of the professional training course showed satisfactory CVI, and its content validated for use.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar el contenido de un curso de formación profesional en atención de enfermería en salud mental para pacientes adultos clínico-quirúrgicos hospitalizados. Método: Encuesta de validación de contenido, con la participación de ocho especialistas reclutados en 2019, con una institución hospitalaria en el sur de Brasil como escenario. Los datos se recopilaron en línea y se trataron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas. Resultados: Se evaluaron cuatro ítems del curso, obteniendo una concordancia de 0.98 en el ítem "conceptos en salud mental y su aplicabilidad a pacientes clínico-quirúrgicos hospitalizados"; 0,93 en el ítem "Pre y post curso de evaluación de conocimientos en salud mental"; 0,95 en el ítem "Panorama global de la sistematización de la atención de enfermería en salud mental"; y 0,94 en el ítem "Diagrama de flujo del nuevo árbol de salud mental". Conclusión: La validación del curso de formación profesional mostró concordancia de contenido satisfactoria y su contenido validado para uso.

RESUMO Objetivo: Elaborar e validar o conteúdo de um curso de formação profissional na atenção de enfermagem em saúde mental a pacientes adultos clínico-cirúrgicos hospitalizados. Método: Pesquisa de validação de conteúdo, com a participação de oito especialistas recrutados no ano de 2019, tendo como focouma instituição hospitalar da Região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados online e tratados pela estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: Foram avaliados quatro itens do curso, obtendo-se o Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC) de 0,98 no item "conceitos em saúde mental e sua aplicabilidade para pacientes clínico-cirúrgicos hospitalizados"; 0,93 no item "Pré e pós-curso de avaliação de conhecimentos em saúde mental"; 0,95 no item "Panorama mundial da sistematização da assistência de enfermagemem saúde mental"; e 0,94 no item "Fluxograma da nova árvore de saúde mental". Conclusão: A validação do curso de formação profissional apresentou IVC satisfatório, sendo seu conteúdo validado para uso.

Solid Organ Transplant Recipients' Opinions of Pre- and Post-Transplant Supervised Exercise Programmes: A Brief Report.

Purpose: Access to pre- and post-transplant supervised exercise programmes in Canada is not consistent across organ types. The opinions of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients can contribute to the discussion among stakeholders regarding increasing the availability of supervised exercise programmes. The objective of the study was to determine Canadian SOT recipients' opinions of pre- and post-transplant supervised exercise programmes and the factors that influenced their participation. Method: An Internet-based questionnaire was distributed to members of the Canadian Transplant Association. It was part of a larger survey and examined seven items related to accessibility to, and opinion of, supervised exercise programmes. Results: A total of 35% (n=39) of respondents had attended a pre-transplant exercise programme, and 54% (n=61) had attended a post-transplant exercise programme. The majority of participants believed that a supervised exercise programme was beneficial to health and well-being. Perception of benefits, a physician's recommendation, and health status and symptoms were key influencing factors in the decision of whether to attend a pre- or post-transplant exercise programme. Conclusion: SOT recipients had positive opinions of supervised exercise programmes despite unequal access among organ groups. Some key influencing factors (e.g., a physician's recommendation) are modifiable and should be taken into consideration to encourage participation in such programmes.

Objectif : l'accès à un programme d'exercice supervisé avant et après une greffe au Canada est inégal selon le type d'organe. L'opinion des personnes ayant reçu une greffe d'organe plein (GOP) peut enrichir les discussions des intervenants concernant l'augmentation de l'offre de tels programmes. Cette étude vise à déterminer l'opinion des greffés sur les programmes d'exercice supervisés avant et après la greffe et les facteurs qui ont influencé leur participation. Méthodes : un questionnaire en ligne a été envoyé aux membres de l'Association canadienne des greffés. Ce questionnaire faisait partie d'un sondage plus vaste et portait sur sept aspects liés à l'accessibilité des programmes d'exercice supervisés et à l'opinion à leur égard. Résultats : au total, 35 % (n=39) des répondants avaient participé à un programme d'exercice avant leur greffe, et 54 % (n=61) avaient participé à un programme après leur greffe. La majorité des participants était d'avis qu'un programme d'exercice supervisé avait des bienfaits sur la santé et le bien-être. La décision de participer ou non à un programme d'exercice avant ou après la greffe était influencée par les facteurs suivants : la perception des bienfaits, la recommandation d'un médecin ainsi que l'état de santé et les symptômes. Conclusion : les personnes ayant reçu une GOP ont une opinion favorable des programmes d'exercice supervisés malgré l'inégalité de l'accès selon les groupes d'organes. Certains facteurs (p. ex., la recommandation d'un médecin) sont modifiables et devraient être pris en considération afin de favoriser la participation à ces programmes.