Eravacycline, the first four years: health outcomes and tolerability data for 19 hospitals in 5 U.S. regions from 2018 to 2022.

IMPORTANCE: The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, especially MDR Gram-negatives, poses a significant challenge to clinicians and public health. These resilient bacteria have rendered many traditional antibiotics ineffective, underscoring the urgency for innovative therapeutic solutions. Eravacycline, a broad-spectrum fluorocycline tetracycline antibiotic approved by the FDA in 2018, emerges as a promising candidate, exhibiting potential against a diverse array of MDR bacteria, including Gram-negative, Gram-positive, anaerobic strains, and Mycobacterium. However, comprehensive data on its real-world application remain scarce. This retrospective cohort study, one of the largest of its kind, delves into the utilization of eravacycline across various infectious conditions in the USA during its initial 4 years post-FDA approval. Through assessing clinical, microbiological, and tolerability outcomes, the research offers pivotal insights into eravacycline's efficacy in addressing the pressing global challenge of MDR bacterial infections.

Clinical Outcomes of Eravacycline in Patients Treated Predominately for Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Forty-six patients were treated with eravacycline (ERV) for Acinetobacter baumannii infections, where 69.5% of isolates were carbapenem resistant (CRAB). Infections were primarily pulmonary (58.3%), and most patients received combination therapy (84.4%). The median (IQR) ERV duration was 6.9 days (5.1 to 11.1). Thirty-day mortality was 23.9% in the cohort and 21.9% in CRAB patients. One patient experienced an ERV-possible adverse event. IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii, particularly when carbapenem resistant (CRAB), is one of the most challenging pathogens in the health care setting. This is complicated by the fact that there is no consensus guideline regarding management of A. baumannii infections. However, the recent Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for treatment of resistant Gram-negative infections provided expert recommendations for CRAB management. The panel suggest using minocycline among tetracycline derivatives rather than eravacycline (ERV) until sufficient clinical data are available. Therefore, we present the largest multicenter real-world cohort in patients treated with ERV for A. baumannii, where the majority of isolates were CRAB (69.5%). Our analysis demonstrate that patients treated with ERV-based regimens achieved a 30-day mortality of 23.9% and had a low incidence of ERV-possible adverse events (2.1%). This study is important as it fills the gap in the literature regarding the use of a novel tetracycline (i.e., ERV) in the treatment of this challenging health care infection.