Obesity in young women is positively associated with periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between excess body weight and periodontitis in adults, stratified by sex and age, and using different criteria for obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Enrolled in the study were 345 individuals with a minimum age of 18 years who had attended the Public Health Service in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. All individuals underwent a complete periodontal examination and anthropometric measurements and answered a questionnaire regarding their socioeconomic, demographic, health, and lifestyle conditions. Excess body weight (exposure factor) was defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. RESULTS: Periodontitis was found in 74.2% of study participants, with the disease being more prevalent among those individuals with increased WC. The occurrence of overweight was 44.4% and that of obesity ranged from 29.9 to 70.8%, dependent upon the specific definition of obesity that was used. There was a positive association between obesity (WC > 88 cm) and periodontitis only among women, after adjustment for age, smoking habit, education level, diabetes, and family income (PRadjusted: 1.20; 95%CI: [1.01-1.44]). The magnitude of this positive association was higher among women aged 18 to 49 years when the outcome was severe periodontitis, and the exposure was obesity defined by WC. CONCLUSIONS: The findings draw attention to the high frequency of the diseases investigated: overweight, obesity and periodontitis. Moreover, obesity was positively associated with periodontitis in women and younger individuals, demonstrating that among those with obesity, there is a higher probability of having periodontitis. The smaller number study of men in the may have influenced the non-statistically significant association found in that group. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Obese females and younger people are more likely to also have periodontitis. Periodontal evaluation and clinical management of individuals with obesity is recommended.

Pain, psychoaffective symptoms, and quality of life in human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1): a cross-sectional study.

The objective of this study is to describe the chronic pain characteristics in individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) per subgroup (asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic, and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)) compared with controls with chronic pain without HTLV-1. This is a cross-sectional study investigating associations between pain profile, psychopathological symptoms, and quality of life. Individuals infected with HTLV-1 refer high-intensity pain compared with controls, with more severe characteristics being present in oligosymptomatic and HAM/TSP individuals. Oligosymptomatic individuals have a tendency of diffuse and frequent pain, mainly in the head/neck region and more depressive symptoms, resembling nociplastic pain. Neuropathic pain was localized in the lower limbs in all infected groups, worse in HAM/TSP individuals, and associated with a worse perception of quality of life. Pain was associated to higher levels of TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma. HTLV-1 pain is generally more severe when compared with other chronic pain syndromes, being present mainly in the lower limbs. Certain characteristics are typical, depending on the affected group. Oligosymptomatic and HAM/TSP individuals present more diffuse pain, with higher intensity and greater impact in quality of life. Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines are associated with HTLV-1-related pain.

Mental disorders in judicial workers: analysis of sickness absence in a cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk factors for sickness absence due to mental disorders among judicial workers in Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: Retrospective cohort with follow-up from 2011 to 2016 with 2,660 workers of a judicial sector in Bahia, Brazil. The main outcome measures were survival curves estimated for the independent variables using the Kaplan-Meier product limit estimator and risk factors for the first episode of sickness absence calculated based on the Cox regression model. RESULTS: The survival estimate of the population of this study for the event was 0.90 and from the Cox model the risk factors for the first episode of sickness absence due to mental disorders were: female (HR = 1.81), occupation of magistrate (HR = 1.80), and age over 30 years old (HR = 1.84). In addition, the risk for new cases of sickness absence among women reached 4.0 times the risk for men, in 2015. The estimated relative risks of sickness absence and the observed survival reduction behavior over time add information to the literature on sociodemographic and occupational factors associated with sickness absence due to mental disorders in the public sector. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the need for further research to more precisely identify vulnerable groups at risk of preventable mental health-related sickness absence in the workplace, better identify the workplace organizational factors that contribute to these disorders as well as studies on the effectiveness of workplace interventions to improve mental health among judicial and other public sectors workers.

Sleep disorders in correctional officers: cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Within the prison environment, where strict surveillance and prompt decision-taking are essential to maintain security, poor sleep may be hazardous to correctional officers. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with severe sleep disorders in correctional officers. Material and Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional study comprised all correctional officers in a prison complex in Salvador city, Brazil. Information about sleep quality, sociodemographic and occupational aspects, lifestyle habits, and common mental disorders (self-reporting questionnaire-20 score ≥7 points) were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Severe sleep disorder was defined as a score ≥31 points according to the mini sleep questionnaire. The measure of association used was the prevalence ratio (PR). Prevalence ratios were estimated by using a Cox multivariate regression model. The final adjusted model only included the variables that presented a prevalence ratio ≥1.20. Results: The prevalence of severe sleep disorders in the 374 correctional officers was 55.3%, and was strongly (prevalence ratio ≥1.20) associated with number of stressful activities at work (RPs=1.24, 1.19, and 1.17), number of attack and threat events against the correctional officers over the last 12 months (RPs showing gradient, 1.11, 1.24, and 1.41), common mental disorders (RP=2,24), and non-White skin color (RP=1,37). Conclusion: This study found high prevalence of severe sleep disorders in correctional officers, associated with impairment of their mental health, skin color, and, particularly, with situations of stress and violence at work. These factors must be taken into account when planning and providing health care to these workers.

Major depressive disorder in detention officers.

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) in detention officers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included all detention officers from the largest prison complex in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A self-reported questionnaire collected sociodemographic, occupational and health data. The outcome variable - MDD - was evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and classified by the cut-off point ≥ 10 method and the algorithm method. The association measure used was the prevalence ratio (PR). Following Cox multivariate regression, the variables were divided into two blocks: sociodemographic characteristics and work, in that order. Only variables with adjusted PR (PRadj) ≥ 1.30 were selected to compose the final models. RESULTS: The MDD prevalence by the cut-off point ≥ 10 (simple) and algorithm method in the 401 officers investigated was 18.8% and 9.3%, respectively. MDD prevalence by cut-off point ≥ 10 was higher in female officers (PRadj = 2.77), who suffered threat from factions (PRadj = 2.05), did not report institutional training for the position (PRadj = 1.38), stated that the environment and working conditions interfered in their physical health (PRadj = 3.51) and performed stress-generating activities (PRadj in increasing gradient). MDD prevalence by the algorithm method was higher in female agents (PRadj = 3.45), with tertiary education (PRadj = 1.71), who stated that the environment and working conditions interfered in their physical health (PRadj = 6.33), suffered threat from factions (PRadj = 2.14), did not report institutional training (PRadj = 1.50) and have frequent contact with inmates at work (PRadj = 1.48). CONCLUSION: The high MDD prevalence in these detention officers was associated with sociodemographic factors and, especially, aspects of their work.

Labor, health and vulnerability in the COVID-19 pandemic. / Trabalho, saúde e vulnerabilidade na pandemia de COVID-19.

This essay discusses the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relation between labor and health, from the perspective of the workers' risk and vulnerability. The pandemic has represented a humanitarian crisis, since both the disease and the measures to contain it lead to persistent socioeconomic effects. In this context, the labor category has an important role, either because of the feasibility of maintaining the social distancing and living conditions allowed by the employment relationship, or because of the impossibility of adopting protection strategies due to job insecurity. The essay was initially built on the basis of a literature review on the interface between COVID-19 and workers' health, carried out from December 2019 to April 2020, on the PubMed, BIREME, Cochrane Library, medRxiv and LitCovid bases, as well as using gray literature. Health professionals are more affected, but they also have greater access to diagnosis; however, data are still scarce on other professional categories, as well as on the social determinants that lead to greater labor-related vulnerability. In Brazil, the pandemic coincides with a situation in which workers accumulate significant losses of labor and social security rights, in addition to pre-existing social inequalities, such as precarious housing, with greater exposure and risk. Although the pandemic is still evolving, social inequalities are expected to intensify, with the deep retraction of the economy, and workers must be a priority target of attention in the control and spread of the disease, in addition to being the axis for planning public social and health protection policies.

Este ensaio discute as repercussões da pandemia COVID-19 na relação trabalho e saúde, sob a perspectiva do risco e vulnerabilidade de trabalhadores. A pandemia tem se configurado como uma crise humanitária, uma vez que tanto a doença quanto as medidas de contenção desta geram efeitos socioeconômicos persistentes. Nesse contexto, a categoria trabalho assume um papel relevante, seja pela viabilidade de manutenção do distanciamento social e das condições de vida permitidas pelo vínculo de trabalho, seja pela impossibilidade de adoção das estratégias de proteção devido à precarização do trabalho. A construção do ensaio iniciou com base numa revisão da literatura na interface COVID-19 e saúde dos trabalhadores, realizada de dezembro de 2019 a abril de 2020, nas bases PubMed, BIREME, Cochrane Library, medRxiv e LitCovid, bem como da literatura cinza. Profissionais de saúde são mais acometidos, mas também com maior acesso ao diagnóstico, persistindo lacunas sobre as demais categorias profissionais, bem como sobre os determinantes sociais que implicam uma maior vulnerabilidade relacionada ao trabalho. A pandemia coincide no Brasil com uma conjuntura na qual trabalhadoras(es) acumulam perdas relevantes de direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários, somadas às desigualdades sociais preexistentes, ao exemplo de precariedade de moradia, com maiores exposição e risco. Embora a evolução da pandemia ainda esteja em curso, prevê-se que as desigualdades sociais se intensificarão com a profunda retração da economia, e trabalhadores devem ser alvo prioritário da atenção no controle e disseminação da doença, além de eixo articulador das políticas públicas de proteção social e à saúde.

Este ensayo discute las repercusiones de la pandemia COVID-19 en la relación trabajo y salud, bajo la perspectiva del riesgo y vulnerabilidad de los trabajadores. La pandemia se ha configurado como una crisis humanitaria, ya que tanto la enfermedad, como las medidas de contención de la misma, generan efectos socioeconómicos persistentes. En este contexto, la categoría trabajo asume un papel relevante, sea por la viabilidad del mantenimiento del distanciamiento social, así como por las condiciones de vida permitidas por el vínculo laboral, sea por la imposibilidad de adopción de estrategias de protección, debido a la precarización del trabajo. La construcción del ensayo se inició a partir de una revisión de la literatura con la interfaz COVID-19 y salud de los trabajadores, realizada de diciembre de 2019 a abril de 2020, en las bases PubMed, BIREME, Cochrane Library, medRxiv y LitCovid, así como en la literatura gris. Los profesionales de salud son los más afectados, pero también con mayor acceso al diagnóstico, persistiendo lagunas sobre las demás categorías profesionales, así como acerca de los determinantes sociales que implican una mayor vulnerabilidad, relacionada con el trabajo. La pandemia coincide en Brasil con una coyuntura en la que las trabajadoras(es) acumulan pérdidas relevantes de derechos laborales y seguridad social, sumados a las desigualdades sociales preexistentes, por ejemplo, de precariedad de vivienda o con mayor exposición y riesgo. A pesar de que la evolución de la pandemia todavía esté en curso, se prevé que las desigualdades sociales se intensificarán, por la profunda retracción de la economía. Por ello, los trabajadores deben ser objetivo prioritario de la atención en el control y diseminación de la enfermedad, además de ser eje articulador de las políticas públicas de protección social y salud.

[Measuring work-related physical demand: factorial structure and reliability of items on posture, handling of loads and repetitiveness]. / Mensurando a demanda física no trabalho: estrutura fatorial e confiabilidade de itens sobre posturas, manuseio de carga e repetitividade.

This study sought to analyze the dimensionality of a set of items that measure work-related physical demand, their internal consistency and their test-retest reliability. We carried out an exploratory factorial analysis of ten physical demand items in two populations, totaling 1,070 workers from the footwear industry and from urban cleaning, using weighted least squares means and adjusted variance with Promax oblique rotation. We measure internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha. The test-retest used a subsample of 121 workers, using quadratic weighted kappa. We identified two dimensions in urban cleaning and three in the footwear industry: (1) dynamic work with anomalous postures; (2) work that requires handling material; and (3) work that demands repetitive motions. Reliability was excellent for upright work posture, good for walking, moderate for lifting loads, squatting, rotated trunk and only regular for repetitive motions and arms above shoulders. The dimensions we identified through factorial analysis are compatible with the physical demands of urban cleaning and the footwear industry and, in general, showed good internal consistency. The 10 items' reliability was compatible with the literature, showing excellent to good reliability for general posture, moderate for specific body segment posture and regular for repetitiveness. Results reveal the specificity of each occupational group, which suggests a dimensionality of physical demand items, supporting their use for measuring physical exposure.

Avaliação dos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho no Brasil no contexto da saúde do trabalhador: uma revisão de escopo / Assessment of psychosocial aspects of work in Brazil in the context of worker health: a scoping review

Resumo Objetivo: descrever dimensões da avaliação dos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho (APST) encontradas na literatura e em documentos normativos no Brasil. Métodos: revisão de escopo com busca de artigos nas bases Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde do Brasil, Web of Science e Medline, publicados de 2017 a 2021. Também incluíram-se documentos governamentais brasileiros com orientação ou indicação para avaliação dos APST. Resultados: foram selecionados 58 artigos e 22 documentos governamentais. Destes, 75,9% são estudos de delineamento quantitativo transversal. A área da saúde foi o principal campo de estudo, assim como a categoria dos profissionais de enfermagem. Dos documentos governamentais, 63,6% classificam-se como materiais de suporte técnico, a maioria voltada para saúde do trabalhador e vigilância. Discussão: a maior parte dos estudos compreende APST como aspectos relacionados ao estresse ocupacional, referenciando-se, sobretudo, no modelo demanda-controle. A associação com desfechos de saúde, principalmente burnout, se destacou entre os artigos. Mesmo apresentando fragilidade de delimitação conceitual e metodológica, os documentos governamentais têm na Ergonomia da Atividade e Psicodinâmica do Trabalho as principais referências teóricas. Conclusão: é preciso maior aproximação entre conhecimento acadêmico, normatização e suporte técnico sobre avaliação dos APST para fortalecimento da Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora (Visatt).

Abstract Objective: to describe the dimensions of the assessment of psychosocial aspects of work (APST) in Brazil found in the literature and normative documents. Methods: this is a scoping review that included the of scientific papers in the Virtual Health Library of Brazil, Web of Science and Medline databases, published from 2017 to 2021. Gray literature was also included, being characterized by documents from the Brazilian government with guidance or indications to evaluate APST. Results: 58 articles and 22 government documents were included. Of these, 75.9% are cross-sectional quantitative studies. The health area stood out as the main field of study, as well as the category of nursing professionals. Regarding government documents, 63.6% were classified as technical support materials, most of which focused on worker's health and surveillance. Discussion: most of scientific studies understand APST as aspects related to occupational stress, mainly referring to the demand-control model. The association with health outcomes, especially burnout, stood out among the scientific papers. Despite presenting conceptual and methodological frailty regarding APST, government documents presented the Ergonomic Activity and Psychodynamics of Work as the main theoretical references. Conclusions: academic knowledge, legal standardization and technical support should be made closer on the evaluation of APST to strengthen VISATT.

Factors associated with common mental disorders among female nursing professionals in primary health care.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors associated with common mental disorders (CMD) in primary care female nursing professionals. METHODS: We performed exploratory cross-sectional study, using a structured questionnaire, applied to 451 primary care female nursing professionals from five municipalities of Bahia, Brazil, in a randomly selected sample. The outcome variable (CMD) was evaluated by SRQ-20. To analyze the factors associated with the prevalence of CMD, logistic regression analysis was used in blocks. RESULTS: The prevalence of CMD was 16.2% and the exposure factors were professional category (PR 0.56, CI 0.34-0.90, p = .01), having a workload of more than 60 h per week (PR 2.53, CI 1.55-4.11, p < .01), personal insecurity at work (PR 1.92, CI 1.28-2.88, p = .00), high domestic overload (PR 1.94, CI 1.25-2.98, p < .01), effort-reward imbalance at work (PR 1.78, CI 0.98-3.23, p = .05), dissatisfaction with oneself (PR 2.30, CI 1.52-3.46, p < .01), poor quality of life (PR 1.69, CI 1.07-2.65, p = .02), and negative health status self-assessment (PR 1.77, CI 1.12-2.77, p = .01). CONCLUSIONS: The results reinforce the evidences of the relation between the health-disease process and work, be it professional or domestic. They also highlight the importance of changes in the organization of the nursing activities in the context of primary care, aiming to minimize stress and occupational dissatisfaction and promote the health of this category. It is noteworthy that domestic work should be considered and incorporated into investigations regarding the mental health of female population.

[Exploratory study of the validity and internal consistency of the Work Ability Index among health workers]. / Estudio exploratorio de validez y consistencia interna del índice de capacidad para el trabajo entre trabajadores de la salud.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity and internal consistency of the Work Ability Index (WAI) among health workers in Bahia, Brazil. An exploratory validity study was conducted based on a cross-sectional sample of 3,084 health workers. The principal component analysis extracted three factors of the instrument with a total accumulated variance of 53.9%. The WAI was able to identify groups of workers by age and show positive correlations with job control, social support and self-perceived health status as well as negative correlations with common mental disorders, psychological, physical and emotional demand and the effort-reward imbalance. The Cronbach's alpha underestimated the coefficients of each factor compared to McDonald's omega. The WAI showed satisfactory psychometric properties to measure physical and mental work ability in groups of workers according to age.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la validez y la consistencia interna del índice de capacidad para el trabajo (ICT) entre trabajadores de la salud en Bahía, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio de validez con base en un corte transversal de una muestra de 3.084 trabajadores de la salud. El análisis de componentes principales extrajo tres factores del instrumento con varianza total acumulada del 53,9%. A través del ICT se identificaron grupos de trabajadores por edad y se correlacionaron de forma positiva con el control en el trabajo, el apoyo social y la autopercepción del estado de salud y, de forma negativa con los trastornos mentales comunes, la demanda psicológica, física y emocional y el desequilibrio esfuerzo-recompensa. El alfa de Cronbach subestimó los coeficientes de cada factor en comparación con el omega de McDonald. El ICT presentó propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias, tanto para medir la capacidad física y mental para el trabajo en grupos de trabajadores por edad y correlacionar a los aspectos relacionados con la salud.

Mental disorders in judicial workers: analysis of sickness absence in a cohort study

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze risk factors for sickness absence due to mental disorders among judicial workers in Bahia, Brazil. METHODS Retrospective cohort with follow-up from 2011 to 2016 with 2,660 workers of a judicial sector in Bahia, Brazil. The main outcome measures were survival curves estimated for the independent variables using the Kaplan-Meier product limit estimator and risk factors for the first episode of sickness absence calculated based on the Cox regression model. RESULTS The survival estimate of the population of this study for the event was 0.90 and from the Cox model the risk factors for the first episode of sickness absence due to mental disorders were: female (HR = 1.81), occupation of magistrate (HR = 1.80), and age over 30 years old (HR = 1.84). In addition, the risk for new cases of sickness absence among women reached 4.0 times the risk for men, in 2015. The estimated relative risks of sickness absence and the observed survival reduction behavior over time add information to the literature on sociodemographic and occupational factors associated with sickness absence due to mental disorders in the public sector. CONCLUSION These results highlight the need for further research to more precisely identify vulnerable groups at risk of preventable mental health-related sickness absence in the workplace, better identify the workplace organizational factors that contribute to these disorders as well as studies on the effectiveness of workplace interventions to improve mental health among judicial and other public sectors workers.

Common mental disorders in medical students: prevalence and associated factors / Transtornos mentais comuns em estudantes de medicina: prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) among medical students and identify the factors associated with this disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with all medical students, enrolled from the 1st to the 8th semesters in a public university, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We used a self-administered questionnaire that included SRQ-20 (Self-Reporting Questionnaire), IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - long form) and sociodemographic, school, occupational and health variables. The multivariate analysis was performed using COX Regression for cross-sectional studies. Results: We evaluated 556 students (289 women and 267 men), representing 90.2% of the target population. The overall prevalence of CMD found was 53.3%, 78.8% of students reported feeling nervous, 56.8% experienced poor sleep quality, and 6.5% had suicidal thoughts. After the multivariate analysis, the following factors maintained their association with a higher prevalence of CMD: having no previous undergraduate degree (PR=1.49), having an unfavorable self-perception of health (PR=1.53), not having failed disciplines (PR=1.20), and being a smoker (PR=1.19). Physical activity did not have a protective effect on CMD in this study. Conclusions: The prevalence of CMD among medical students was high and mainly associated with an unfavorable self-perception of health. The results highlight the need for strengthening institutional policies aimed at preventing psychological distress among students.

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) entre estudantes de Medicina e os fatores associados a esse agravo. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, do tipo censo, realizado com estudantes de Medicina, do primeiro ao oitavo semestre, de uma universidade pública na Bahia. Utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável contendo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ - forma longa) e variáveis sociodemográficas, escolares, ocupacionais e de saúde. A análise multivariada foi efetuada usando a regressão de Cox para estudos transversais. Resultado: Avaliaram-se 556 estudantes (289 mulheres e 267 homens), o que representa 90,2% da população-alvo. A prevalência geral de TMC encontrada foi de 53,3%, 78,8% dos estudantes afirmaram que se sentem nervosos, 56,8% mencionaram que dormem mal, e 6,5% apontaram que têm ideias de acabar com a própria vida. Após análise multivariada, os seguintes fatores mantiveram associação com maior prevalência de TMC: não possuir graduação prévia (49% a mais de TMC), ter uma autopercepção de saúde desfavorável (53%), não ser dessemestralizado (20%) e fazer uso de tabaco (19%). Neste estudo, atividade física não teve efeito protetor para os TMC. Conclusão: A prevalência de TMC entre os estudantes de Medicina mostrou-se elevada e se associou principalmente à autopercepção de saúde desfavorável. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a necessidade de que as políticas institucionais voltadas à saúde mental e à diminuição do sofrimento psíquico dos estudantes sejam mantidas e ampliadas.

Aplicação das regras de vinculação da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde com a Avaliação Geriátrica Ampla / Linking the content of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment of a reference center for the health of the elderly with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Objetivo: Vincular o conteúdo da Avaliação Geriátrica Ampla (AGA) de um centro de referência na saúde da pessoa idosa com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) e apresentar seu Conjunto Básico de categorias da CIF. Método: A AGA foi vinculada à CIF por dois especialistas, treinados de acordo com as regras de vinculação estabelecidas. A concordância entre os especialistas foi determinada com base no índice kappa de Cohen. Resultados: A concordância entre os especialistas foi considerada perfeita para cada domínio da CIF (k= 0,91; p<0,00; concordância= 93,32%). A AGA continha 419 itens, sendo que 106 não puderam ser vinculados à CIF, por estarem associados a condições de saúde ou não se enquadrarem nas categorias da CIF. Foi verificado que 313 estavam ligados aos domínios da CIF e que 181 (60,13%) estavam relacionados às funções do corpo, 18 (5,98%) às estruturas do corpo, 73 (24,258%) à atividade e participação, 30 (9,97%) a fatores ambientais e 11 (3,51%) aos fatores pessoais. Conclusões: A CIF pode ser inserida em contextos específicos dos serviços de saúde sendo viável a vinculação da CIF com formulários elaborados pelos próprios serviços de saúde. A correspondência entre um instrumento de avaliação geriátrico e a CIF potencializa discussões de casos, planos terapêuticos e cuidado continuado. A dinâmica do processo de cuidado padronizado pela CIF pode facilitar a ampliação do cuidado e estabelecimento de metas terapêuticas que ultrapassem o contexto do serviço e alcancem a esfera familiar e social.

Objective: Linking the content of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) of a reference center for the health of the elderly with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and present its Basic Set of ICF codes. Method: The AGA were linked to the ICF by two specialists, trained according to the established linking rules. Agreement between the health professionals was determined based on Cohen's kappa index. Results: The agreement between the two health professionals was considered perfect for each ICF domain (k= 0.91; p<0.00; agreement= 93.32%). The AGA contained 419 items, 106 of which could not be linked to the ICF, as they were associated with health conditions or did not fit into any category. It was found that 313 were linked to the ICF domains and that 181 (60.13%) were related to body functions, 18 (5.98%) to body structures, 73 (24.258%) to activity and participation, 30 (9.97%) to environmental factors and 11 (3.51%) to personal factors. Conclusions: The ICF can be inserted in specific contexts of health services, making it feasible to link the ICF with forms prepared by the health services themselves. The correspondence between a geriatric assessment instrument and the ICF enhances case discussions, therapeutic plans and continued care. The dynamics of the care process standardized by the ICF can facilitate the expansion of care and the establishment of therapeutic goals that go beyond the context of the service and reach the family and social sphere.

The impact of caries in combination with periodontitis on oral health-related quality of life in Bahia, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Both dental caries and periodontal disease, as isolated conditions, can generate limitations and disabilities with negative repercussions on the individual's quality of life, but the combination of both oral diseases has not been investigated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the combined exposure to dental caries and periodontitis and the impact on oral health-related quality of life. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 306 individuals seen in the public health services in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. The individuals were divided into three groups: individuals without caries and periodontitis (n = 60), those with caries or periodontitis separately (n = 155), and those with both caries and periodontitis (n = 91). Information regarding sociodemographic, health conditions, behavioral aspects, and health-care characteristics were obtained through structured questionnaires. Oral clinical examination was performed to evaluate dental caries (decayed, missing, and filled teeth DMFT) and periodontal status including bleeding on probing, visible plaque index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. The impact of oral health on quality of life was measured using the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). RESULTS: In terms of the OHIP-14, the mean ±SD and median of the severity scores were 11.07 ±9.45 and 9, respectively, and mean ±SD of the extension score: 1.78 ±2.27. The adjusted association measurement showed that in individuals exposed simultaneously to caries and periodontitis, the occurrence of the impact on quality of life was 63% greater than among those without these diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the combined occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis is associated with a significant impact on oral health-related quality of life when compared with absence of these oral diseases.

Agravos e incapacidades para o trabalho entre profissionais do ensino: análise dos registros oficiais no Brasil / Health disorders and disability among education professionals: an analysis of Brazilian records

Resumo Introdução Os profissionais do ensino compartilham mudanças no processo de trabalho advindas da incorporação de inovações tecnológicas e do cenário de precarização das relações de trabalho. Objetivo Descrever agravos e incapacidade para o trabalho entre os profissionais do ensino no Brasil. Método O estudo analisou todos os agravos/doenças de notificação compulsória e incapacidade relacionadas ao trabalho no grupo dos profissionais de ensino (CBO 23 e CBO 33) no período de 2007 a 2016, com base nas notificações do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Resultados A análise descritiva destacou maior frequência de acidentes graves, bem como acidentes com material biológico, Lesões por Esforço Repetitivo/Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (LER/DORT), intoxicação exógena e transtorno mental. Foi registrada uma evolução temporal dos indicadores de morbidade para cada agravo de interesse e estratificação por incapacidade. As incapacidades nesta categoria estão relacionadas aos acidentes graves, LER/DORT, transtornos mentais, com predominância para o gênero feminino e com fatores condicionantes presentes no contexto do trabalho. Conclusão Foi possível identificar diferenças entre a pesquisa empírica e a vigilância de agravos na categoria analisada. A vigilância em saúde do trabalhador necessita de fortalecimento para que o correto dimensionamento dos agravos reflita o processo saúde/doença, assim como facilite o diagnóstico precoce e suporte às ações de prevenção para os trabalhadores.

Abstract Background Education professionals have shared changes in the work process due to the incorporation of technological innovations and the scenario of the precariousness of work relationships. Objective To describe injuries and incapacity for work among Brazilian teaching professionals. Method The study analyzed all illness/diseases of compulsory notification and work-related disability in the group of teaching professionals (CBO 23 and CBO 33) from 2007 to 2016, based on notifications from the Notifiable Diseases Information System - SINAN. Results The descriptive analysis highlighted a higher frequency of serious accidents, accidents with biological material, Repetitive Strain Injury/Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (RSI/WMSD), and exogenous intoxication and mental disorder. Temporal evolution of morbidity indicators was recorded for each condition of interest and stratification by disability. Disabilities in this category are related to serious accidents, RSI/WMSD, and mental disorders, predominantly in females, in addition to conditioning factors in the work context. Conclusion We identified differences between empirical research and disease surveillance in the analyzed category. Worker health surveillance should be reinforced for a proper dimensioning of diseases to reflect the health/disease process, thus facilitating an early diagnosis and supporting prevention actions for workers.

Indicadores de absenteísmo por doença mental no setor judiciário: abordagem descritiva de uma coorte retrospectiva / Absenteeism indicators due to mental disorders in the Judiciary Branch: descriptive approach of a retrospective cohort

Resumo Objetivo: descrever os indicadores de afastamento por transtornos mentais de servidores públicos do setor judiciário da Bahia. Métodos: estudo descritivo com dados de uma coorte retrospectiva sobre a casuística de absenteísmo-doença no período de 2011 a 2016. Foi traçado o perfil sociodemográfico e ocupacional, assim como foram estimados os indicadores epidemiológicos. O evento foi caracterizado a partir da frequência e duração dos afastamentos e dos diagnósticos clínicos. Resultados: registraram-se 1.023 eventos, com maior quantidade de episódios entre servidores com mais de 10 anos de serviço. As mulheres constituíram o grupo mais afetado, com prevalências superiores a dos homens em todo o período (76,50/1.000 trabalhadores em 2016). Em 2016, a incidência cumulativa foi de 12,72 casos novos/1.000 trabalhadores entre as mulheres e 5,58 casos novos/1.000 trabalhadores entre os homens. Os transtornos do humor, neuróticos e relacionados ao estresse foram os diagnósticos clínicos mais prevalentes associados ao absenteísmo-doença. Conclusão: o perfil e a dinâmica das ocorrências de absenteísmo-doença entre servidores públicos do setor judiciário da Bahia mostram semelhanças com outros serviços, validando sua externalidade e suscitando desafios para os serviços de saúde, principalmente quanto à detecção precoce do risco de afastamento e da monitorização das condições de trabalho.

Abstract Objective: to describe the indicators of sick leave due to mental disorders among civil servants of the Judiciary Branch in Bahia, Brazil. Methods: descriptive study conducted with data from a retrospective cohort on the casuistry of illness-related absenteeism from 2011 to 2016. We collected data on the participants' sociodemographic and occupational profile, and estimated their epidemiological indicators. The event was characterized based on the frequency and duration of absences, as well as the clinical diagnoses. Results: 1,023 absence events were recorded, most of which among civil servants in service for more than 10 years. Women were the most affected group, with higher prevalence than men in the entire period (76.50/1000 workers in 2016). In 2016, the cumulative incidence was 12.72 new cases/1000 workers among women and 5.58 new cases/1000 workers among men. Mood, neurotic, and stress-related disorders were the most prevalent clinical diagnoses associated with absenteeism. Conclusion: the profile and dynamics of the illness-related absenteeism among civil servants of the Judiciary Branch in Bahia are similar to those verified in other services, validating the externality of such events and posing challenges for health services, especially regarding early detection of sick leave risk, as well as working conditions monitoring.

The job content questionnaire in various occupational contexts: applying a latent class model.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Job Content Questionnaire(JCQ) performance using the latent class model. METHODS: We analysed cross-sectional studies conducted in Brazil and examined three occupational categories: petroleum industry workers (n=489), teachers (n=4392) and primary healthcare workers (3078)and 1552 urban workers from a representative sample of the city of Feira de Santana in Bahia, Brazil. An appropriate number of latent classes was extracted and described each occupational category using latent class analysis, a multivariate method that evaluates constructs and takes into accountthe latent characteristics underlying the structure of measurement scales. The conditional probabilities of workers belonging to each class were then analysed graphically. RESULTS: Initially, the latent class analysis extracted four classes corresponding to the four job types (active, passive, low strain and high strain) proposed by the Job-Strain model (JSM) and operationalised by the JCQ. However, after taking into consideration the adequacy criteria to evaluate the number of extracted classes, three classes (active, low strain and high strain) were extracted from the studies of urban workers and teachers and four classes (active, passive, low strain and high strain) from the study of primary healthcare and petroleum industry workers. CONCLUSION: The four job types proposed by the JSM were identified among primary healthcare and petroleum industry workers-groups with relatively high levels of skill discretion and decision authority. Three job types were identified for teachers and urban workers; however, passive job situations were not found within these groups. The latent class analysis enabled us to describe the conditional standard responses of the job types proposed by the model, particularly in relation to active jobs and high and low strain situations.

Health care network model for older adults: a co-creation and participatory action research approach / Modelo assistencial à saúde do idoso em rede: uma abordagem de cocriação e pesquisa-ação participativa

OBJECTIVE: To develop a collaborative, multidisciplinary care model for older adults that improves interdisciplinary teamwork and increases access to specialized services for frail patients, helping solve management problems in the Brazilian Unified Health System. In the state of Bahia, the health care network for older adults requires better interaction and integration with the Unified Health System and the Unified System of Social Assistance to improve patient flow in the network. METHODS: We used a co-creation and participatory action research approach based on reflection, data collection, interaction, and feedback with participants and stakeholders. Data was collected from health professionals, representatives of health agencies, and older adults through collective and individual interviews, reflective diaries, and direct communication. RESULTS: An action plan involving members of the older adult care network was developed to put the new model into practice. A pilot study with a multidisciplinary team allowed adjustments and implementation of the model at our institution. CONCLUSIONS: The new model improved both the internal management of the State Reference Center for Older Adult Health Care (Centro de Referência Estadual de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso - CREASI) and its interaction with primary care, optimizing patient flow and establishing rules for shared management between CREASI and primary care institutions. In view of this, restructuring the care model reorganized relations between the agencies, expanding CREASI's role in the management and systematization of older adult health.

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo assistencial colaborativo, multiprofissional e centrado na pessoa idosa para melhorar o trabalho em equipe interdisciplinar e o acesso de idosos frágeis ao serviço especializado, ajudando na resolução de problemas com o gerenciamento do idoso no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A rede de assistência à saúde do idoso na Bahia requer avanços na interação e na integração entre os órgãos do SUS e do Sistema Único de Assistência Social para melhorar o fluxo dos pacientes na rede. METODOLOGIA: Foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação participativa e cocriação baseadas na reflexão, coleta de dados, interação e feedback com participantes e partes interessadas. A coleta dos dados foi realizada com os profissionais de saúde, representantes dos órgãos de saúde e idosos por meio entrevistas coletivas e individuais, diários reflexivos e registros de comunicação direta. RESULTADOS: Foi elaborado um plano de ação com participação dos membros da rede de assistência ao idoso para colocar em prática o novo modelo. Realizou-se um piloto com uma equipe multidisciplinar que possibilitou ajustes e a implementação do modelo na instituição. CONCLUSÕES: O novo modelo favoreceu tanto o gerenciamento interno do Centro de Referência Estadual de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso (CREASI) como a interação com a atenção básica, otimizando o fluxo de pacientes e estabelecendo regras de gerenciamento compartilhado entre CREASI e atenção básica. Diante disso, a reestruturação do modelo assistencial representou uma reorganização das relações entre os órgãos, ampliando o papel do CREASI no gerenciamento e na sistematização da saúde do idoso.

Internal consistency of the self-reporting questionnaire-20 in occupational groups.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the internal consistency of the measurements of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) in different occupational groups. METHODS: A validation study was conducted with data from four surveys with groups of workers, using similar methods. A total of 9,959 workers were studied. In all surveys, the common mental disorders were assessed via SRQ-20. The internal consistency considered the items belonging to dimensions extracted by tetrachoric factor analysis for each study. Item homogeneity assessment compared estimates of Cronbach's alpha (KD-20), the alpha applied to a tetrachoric correlation matrix and stratified Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: The SRQ-20 dimensions showed adequate values, considering the reference parameters. The internal consistency of the instrument items, assessed by stratified Cronbach's alpha, was high (> 0.80) in the four studies. CONCLUSIONS: The SRQ-20 showed good internal consistency in the professional categories evaluated. However, there is still a need for studies using alternative methods and additional information able to refine the accuracy of latent variable measurement instruments, as in the case of common mental disorders.

Psychosocial aspects of work and common mental disorders among health workers: contributions of combined models. / Aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e transtornos mentais comuns entre trabalhadores da saúde: contribuições da análise de modelos combinados.

OBJECTIVES:: The objective was to evaluate the contribution of the combined analysis of psychosocial stress at work and its association with common mental disorders (CMD) among health workers. METHODS:: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of primary care workers from five counties in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The outcome variable - CMD - was assessed by the SRQ-20. The exposure models were the demand-control and effort-reward imbalance. RESULTS:: The partial and complete performance of the models and the combination of partial models were evaluated. The adjusted prevalence ratios were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance method. The overall prevalence of CMDs was 21.0% and was associated with high strain and high effort-reward imbalance (ERI). The results demonstrated improved performance of the full ERI and the combination of partial models to predict the event. CONCLUSION:: Thus, combined models are able to provide better estimates of the effects of stressful experiences in the work environment and the consequences on workers' health, offering greater contributions to this field of knowledge.