Effect of a single oral dose of 600,000 IU of cholecalciferol on muscle strength: a study in young women.

BACKGROUND: The effect of a single large oral dose of vitamin D on muscle function in young people with vitamin D deficiency has not been investigated so far. AIM: We evaluated the effect of a single oral dose of 600,000 IU of cholecalciferol on muscle strength. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighteen young women with vitamin D deficiency received a single oral dose of 600,000 IU of cholecalciferol. We evaluated changes in maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and speed of contraction (S) in response to cholecalciferol by using an hand held dynamometer at 3, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days, compared to baseline. RESULTS: We observed no significant change in MVC and S values, a significant increase of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] and a significant decrease in serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) (p<0.001 for all). A significant correlation was found between MVC and S and serum phosphorus (P) after supplementation (p<0.02 and p<0.05, respectively). Conversely, we observed no association between the parameters of muscle strength and 25(OH)D, ionized calcium (Ca2+), PTH and 1,25(OH)2D. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of 600,000 IU of cholecalciferol does not directly enhance handgrip strength in young women with vitamin D deficiency. More studies are needed on the indirect effect of the hormone on muscle.

[Impact of depression syndrome in the management of cardiovascular risk factors in primary prevention: State of the art]. / Impatto della sindrome depressiva sulla gestione dei fattori di rischio cardiovascolare in prevenzione primaria. Stato dell'arte.

Our aim is to investigate, through a broad review of medical literature, the role of depressive syndrome on the adherence to lifestyle modifications (TLC) in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We conducted a systematic computerized literature search of MEDLINE using the following key words: depressive syndrome, cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle, physical activity, diet, smoking, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. We have considered metanalyses studies, reviews, original articles, case-control studies published between 1992 and 2010. Furthermore, we have considered the impact of depressive syndrome on the different cardiovascular risk factors. From our search we have selected 42 English articles published between 1992 and 2010 of whose 16 were longitudinal cohort studies, 5 research reports, 10 longitudinal case-control studies, 2 metanalyses, 5 reviews and 4 prevalence studies. All our selected studies agree to give to depressive syndrome a negative role on the adherence to lifestyle modifications. For this reason, depression represents an indirect and independent cardiovascular risk factor that needs to be detected and treated for a successful cardiovascular prevention.