RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gut pathological microbial imbalance or dysbiosis is closely associated with colorectal cancer. Although there are observable differences in molecular and clinical characteristics between patients with right- and left-sided colon cancer, differences in their gut microbiomes have not been thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, subsequent changes in microbiota status after partial colectomy remain unknown. We examined the human gut microbiota composition to determine its relationship with colon cancer and partial colon resection according to location. METHODS: Stool samples from forty-one subjects (10 in the control group, 10 in the right-sided colon cancer [RCC] group, 6 in the sigmoid colon cancer [SCC] group, 9 in the right colon resection [RCR] group and 6 in the sigmoid colon resection [SCR] group) were collected, and DNA was extracted. After terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis, the samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the metabolic function of the microbiota was predicted using PICRUSt2. RESULTS: T-RFLP analysis showed a reduced ratio of clostridial cluster XIVa in the SCC patients and clostridial cluster IX in the RCC patients, although these changes were not evident in the RCR or SCR patients. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing demonstrated that the diversity of the gut microbiota in the RCC group was higher than that in the control group, and the diversity in the SCR group was significantly higher than that in the RCR group. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed significant differences according to the group. Analyses of the microbiota revealed that Firmicutes was significantly dominant in the RCC group and that the SCC group had a higher abundance of Verrucomicrobia. At the genus level, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) revealed several bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, Gemellaceae, and Desulfovibrio, in the RCC group and several oral microbiomes in the SCC group. Metabolic function prediction revealed that cholesterol transport- and metabolism-related enzymes were specifically upregulated in the RCC group and that cobalamin metabolism-related enzymes were downregulated in the SCC group. CONCLUSION: Gut microbial properties differ between RCC and SCC patients and between right hemicolectomy and sigmoidectomy patients and may contribute to clinical manifestations.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias do Colo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Neoplasias Renais , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Colectomia , Neoplasias do Colo/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/microbiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Genes de RNAr , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genéticaRESUMO
Background: Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently associated with thrombosis, it is also associated with liver cirrhosis (LC) which causes hemostatic abnormalities. Therefore, hemostatic abnormalities in patients with HCC were examined using a clot waveform analysis (CWA). Methods: Hemostatic abnormalities in 88 samples from HCC patients, 48 samples from LC patients and 153 samples from patients with chronic liver diseases (CH) were examined using a CWA-activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and small amount of tissue factor induced FIX activation (sTF/FIXa) assay. Results: There were no significant differences in the peak time on CWA-APTT among HCC, LC, and CH, and the peak heights of CWA-APTT were significantly higher in HCC and CH than in HVs and LC. The peak heights of the CWA-sTF/FIXa were significantly higher in HCC than in LC. The peak times of the CWA-APTT were significantly longer in stages B, C, and D than in stage A or cases of response. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the fibrin formation height (FFH) of the CWA-APTT and CWA-sTF/FIXa showed the highest diagnostic ability for HCC and LC, respectively. Thrombosis was observed in 13 HCC patients, and arterial thrombosis and portal vein thrombosis were frequently associated with HCC without LC and HCC with LC, respectively. In ROC, the peak time×peak height of the first derivative on the CWA-sTF/FIXa showed the highest diagnostic ability for thrombosis. Conclusion: The CWA-APTT and CWA-sTF/FIXa can increase the evaluability of HCC including the association with LC and thrombotic complications.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hemostáticos , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Trombose , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Trombose/etiologia , Tromboplastina , Cirrose Hepática/complicaçõesRESUMO
The present study aimed to identify useful biomarkers to predict deterioration in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). A total of 201 COVID19 patients were classified according to their disease severity into nonsevere (n=125) and severe (n=76) groups, and the behavior of laboratory biomarkers was examined according to the prognosis. Neutrophil count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Creactive protein (CRP), sialylated carbohydrate antigen KL6 (KL6), procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin (PSP) and Ddimer levels were significantly higher, and lymphocyte count and platelet count were significantly lower in the nonsevere group compared with the severe group. In the nonsevere group, ROC analysis demonstrated that only four biomarkers, CRP, PSP, AST and LDH were useful for differentiating the prognosis between improvement and deterioration subgroups. No strong correlation was revealed for any of the markers. Multivariate analysis identified CRP as a significant prognostic factor in nonsevere cases (odds ratio, 41.45; 95% confidence interval, 4.91349.24; P<0.001). However, there were no blood biomarkers that could predict the outcome of patients in the severe group. Overall, several blood markers changed significantly according to disease severity in the course of COVID19 infection. Among them, CRP, PSP, LDH and AST were the most reliable markers for predicting the patient's prognosis in nonsevere COVID19 cases.