First measurement of the form factors in the decays D0 → ρ- e+ ν(e) and D+ → ρ0 e+ ν(e).

The beauty to up quark coupling constant |V(ub)| can be extracted from B → ρ e+ ν(e) combined with the form factors for D → K* e+ ν(e) and B → V ℓ+ ℓ- and D → ρ e+ ν(e). Using the entire CLEO-c ψ(3770) → DD event sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 818 pb(-1) and approximately 5.4×10(6) DD events, we measure the form factors for the decays D0 → ρ- e+ ν(e) and D+ → ρ0 e+ ν(e) for the first time and the branching fractions with improved precision. A four-dimensional unbinned maximum likelihood fit determines the form factor ratios to be V(0)/A1(0)=1.48±0.15±0.05 and A2(0)/A1(0)=0.83±0.11±0.04. Assuming Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity, the known D meson lifetimes, and our measured branching fractions we obtain the form factor normalizations A1(0), A2(0), and V(0). We also present a measurement of the branching fraction for D+ → ω e+ ν(e) with improved precision.

Observation of the h(c)(1P) Using e+ e- collisions above the DD threshold.

Using 586 pb(-1) of e+ e- collision data at E(c.m.) = 4170 MeV, produced at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring collider and collected with the CLEO-c detector, we observe the process e+ e- → π+ π- h(c)(1P). We measure its cross section to be 15.6±2.3±1.9±3.0 pb, where the third error is due to the external uncertainty on the branching fraction of ψ(2S) → π0 h(c)(1P), which we use for normalization. We also find evidence for e+ e- → ηh(c)(1P) at 4170 MeV at the 3σ level and see hints of a rise in the e+ e- → π+ π- h(c)(1P) cross section at 4260 MeV.

First results of a simultaneous measurement of tritium and (14)C in an ultra-low-background proportional counter for environmental sources of methane.

Simultaneous measurement of tritium and (14)C would provide an added tool for tracing organic compounds through environmental systems and is possible via beta energy spectroscopy of sample-derived methane in internal-source gas proportional counters. Since the mid-1960's atmospheric tritium and (14)C have fallen dramatically as the isotopic injections from aboveground nuclear testing have been diluted into the ocean and biosphere. In this work, the feasibility of simultaneous tritium and (14)C measurements via proportional counters is revisited in light of significant changes in both the atmospheric and biosphere isotopics and the development of new ultra-low-background gas proportional counting capabilities for small samples (roughly 50 cc methane). A Geant4 Monte Carlo model of a Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) proportional counter response to tritium and (14)C is used to analyze small samples of two different methane sources to illustrate the range of applicability of contemporary simultaneous measurements and their limitations. Because the two methane sources examined were not sample size limited, we could compare the small-sample measurements performed at PNNL with analysis of larger samples performed at a commercial laboratory. These first results show that the dual-isotope simultaneous measurement is well matched for methane samples that are atmospheric or have an elevated source of tritium (i.e. landfill gas). However, for samples with low/modern tritium isotopics (rainwater), commercial separation and counting is a better fit.

[Analysis of the prevalence of hereditary adenomatosis of the gastrointestinal tract among the population of Moscow]. / Analiz rasprostraneniia nasledstvennogo adenomatoza zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta sredi naseleniia Moskvy.

The prevalence of hereditary autosomal dominant gastrointestinal adenomatosis in the Moscow population was estimated on the basis of elaboration of an indirect method. This estimate was found to be 1:48000. The prevalence observed is discussed in terms of ascertainment problems and peculiarities of the method of calculation proposed.

[Principle of plotting the age distribution of persons with hereditary diseases at various ages of onset and differential mortality]. / Printsip postroeniia raspredelenii porazhennykh ot vozrasta v sluchaiakh analiza nasledsvtennykh zabolevanii s var'iruiushchim vozrastom manifestatsii i differentsial'noi smertnost'iu.

A method for ascertaining the mode of current age distributions is suggested for accurate quantitative assessment of some genetic parameters of hereditary diseases, such as age-specific penetrance, frequency of heterozygotes in the general population, fitness. The method is based on estimating the age-specific proportion of affected among the total number of heterozygotes, which seems more reasonable than the common methodology, considering the age-specific proportion of affected among all cases of the disease indicated.

[Genetic problems of hereditary polyposis of the large intestine. I. An analysis of the interrelation with intestinal cancer]. / Nekotorye problemy genetiki nasledstvennogo polipoza tolstoi kishki. Soobshchenie I. Analiz vzaimosviazi s rakom kishechnika.

An attempt has been made to estimate the correlation of oncological illnesses in the families within the limits of segregational and correlational analyses, considering the fact of accumulation in the families of probands with autosomal-dominant polyposes of colon of the cases of primary (without preceding polyposes) colon cancer. Significant correlation was found between the hereditary polyposes and primary colon cancer in the families studied. Based on these data, a hypothesis is discussed of the main gene and its modifications on the phenotypical version in the form of primary benign (polyposes) and malignant (cancer) pathology. No significant correlation was found between colon polyposes and cancer of stomach in the families.

[Analysis of the relation of the frequency of new gene mutations for Mendelian diseases to parental age]. / Analiz zavisimosti chastoty vozniknoveniia novykh mutatsii po genam nekotorykh mendeliruiushchikh zabolevanii ot vozrasta roditelei.

The effect of parental age on mutation rates of achondroplasia, neurophibromatosis, hereditary gastrointestinal adenomatosis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy loci was studied. A significant parental age effect on the occurrence of new mutations for achondroplasia and neurophybromatosis was shown. The paternal component of this parental age effect was the major factor in the occurrence of such mutations. The risk of the occurrence of new cases of achondroplasia and neurophybromatosis, as compared with their overall frequency, due to new mutations, are increased by a factor of 2 and 3, respectively, up to the paternal age of 50. The possibility of application of the data obtained in genetic counselling is discussed.

[Genetic problems of hereditary polyposis of the large intestine. II. Characteristics of the population genetics]. / Nekotorye problemi genetiki nasledstvennogo polipoza tolstoi kishki. Soobshchenie II. Populiatsionno-geneticheskaia kharakteristika.

Based on the study carried out, we have suggested a populational-genetical model of hereditary polyposes with frequencies of some parameters, such as frequency of mutation, gene's (allele's) frequency, frequency of heterozygotes (general and for separate groups), fertility, fittnes and selection efficiency.

[Correction of chronic disorders of duodenal patency in the prevention of postoperative complications of peptic ulcer]. / Korrektsiia khronicheskikh narushenii duodenal'noi prokhodimosti v profilaktike posleoperatsionnykh oslozhnenii iazvennoi bolezni.

Experiments on dogs demonstrated the role of chronic disorders of duodenal patency (ChDDP) in the development of immediate and late-term postoperative complications of gastric and duodenal ulcer, like incompetence of the duodenal stump, reflux gastritis, progression of duodenostasis existing before the operation, the afferent loop syndrome, postresection cholecystitis and pancreatitis, the dumping syndrome. The formation of valvar anastomoses and early recognition and correction fo ChDDP in resection of the stomach (554 patients) made it possible to reduce significantly both the mortality rates (0.18%) and the percentage of other complications.

[Evaluation of abdominal treatment with magnetite suspension in peritonitis]. / Otsenka obrabotki briushnoi polosti suspenziei magnetita pri peritonite.

The work discusses the results of the effect of intraoperative treatment of the abdominal cavity with a magnetite suspension on the T-cell link of the immunological reactivity of the organism of patients with diffuse forms of peritonitis. The preparation intensified lymphocyte proliferative activity. It was found that increase of the lymphocyte stimulation index in intraoperative treatment of the abdominal cavity with magnetite suspension in peritonitis was consequent upon increased production of interleukin-1 and other growth factors by macrophages.

[Disorders of organic hemodynamics of the liver and their correction in suppurative cholangitis]. / Narusheniia organnoi gemodinamiki pecheni i ikh korrektsiia pri gnoinom kholangite.

The blood flow in the portal vein and hepatic artery was studied by means of ultrasonic Doppler flow measurement to investigate organic and regional hemodynamics of the liver in purulent cholangitis. The blood flow in the portal vein was found to be significantly diminished in patients with acute cholangitis and hepatic failure. Hepatic microcirculation was studied on a experimental model of obstructive jaundice and obstructive purulent cholangitis in rats by polarographic measurement of hydrogen clearance. Considerable reduction of the volume rate of the local blood flow was noted, and the degree of the reduction was related to the severity and duration of the disease. Decompression of the biliary tract by external drainage improved the local blood flow rate which, however, diminished again in prolonged external drainage. The use of pharmacological agents for correction of microcirculation in decompression of the biliary tract led to total and rapid correction of the volume rate of the local blood flow.

[Prevention of duodenal hypertension after gastrectomy]. / Profilaktika duodenal'noi gipertenzii pri rezektsii zheludka.

Based on an analysis of outcomes of gastric resections for ulcer disease in 825 patients and experimental investigations the authors consider that the main cause of incompetence of the duodenum stump is stagnation of contents in the duodenum. For the prevention of this complications the Billroth-II resection with transverse (valvular) enteroanastomosis is recommended.

[Enteral tube feeding after planned operations on organs of the abdominal cavity]. / Enteral'noe zondovoe pitanie posle planovykh operatsii na organakh briushnoi polosti.

The enteral probe feeding was used in 60 patients operated on organs of the abdominal cavity in planned order. The individual nutrition media were composed with special reference to metabolic disorders and the functional state of the gastro-intestinal tract. It helped to make an adequate correction of metabolic disorders and facilitated early normalization of motor activity of the gastro-intestinal tract.

[Treatment of the abdominal cavity with a colloid solution of magnetite during surgery in experimental ichorous peritonitis]. / Obrabotka briushnoi polosti kolloidnym rastvorom magnetita pri operatsiiakh po povodu ikhoroznogo peritonita v éksperimente.

Experimental investigations gave grounds for the possibility of using the solution of colloid magnetite for the treatment of the abdominal cavity during operation for peritonitis. It was established that the substance has good bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic properties, adsorbs toxic substances present in the peritoneal exudate, is absorbed into blood from the abdominal cavity, does not destruct the cytostructure of the cells of formed elements of the blood, and is easily eliminated from the organism with the bile.