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1.
Epidemiol Infect ; 148: e126, 2020 06 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32624035

RESUMO

Spontaneous abortion is considered a public health problem having several causes, including infections. Among the infectious agents, bacteria of the vaginal microbiota and Ureaplasma parvum have been associated with abortion, but their participation needs to be further elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the influence of Mollicutes on the development of spontaneous abortion. Women who underwent spontaneous abortion and those with normal birth (control) were studied. Samples of cervical mucus (CM) and placental tissue were collected to identify Mollicutes using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction methodology. Eighty-nine women who had a miscarriage and 20 women with normal pregnancies were studied. The presence of Mollicutes in placental tissue increased the chance of developing miscarriage sevenfold. The prevalence of U. parvum in women who experienced spontaneous abortion was 66.3% in placental tissue. A positive association was observed between the detection of U. parvum in samples of placental tissue and abortion. There was a significant increase in microbial load in placental tissue for M. hominis, U. urealyticum and U. parvum compared to the control group. Detection of U. parvum in CM in pregnant women can ascend to the region of the placental tissue and trigger a spontaneous abortion.


Assuntos
Aborto Espontâneo/microbiologia , Infecções por Ureaplasma/microbiologia , Ureaplasma/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Adulto Jovem
2.
Epidemiol Infect ; 145(11): 2341-2351, 2017 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28637523

RESUMO

Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum have been associated with genital infections. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of ureaplasmas and other sexually transmitted infections in sexually active women from Brazil and relate these data to demographic and sexual health, and cytokines IL-6 and IL-1ß. Samples of cervical swab of 302 women were examined at the Family Health Units in Vitória da Conquista. The frequency of detection by conventional PCR was 76·2% for Mollicutes. In qPCR, the frequency found was 16·6% for U. urealyticum and 60·6% U. parvum and the bacterial load of these microorganisms was not significantly associated with signs and symptoms of genital infection. The frequency found for Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis and Chlamydia trachomatis was 3·0%, 21·5%, 42·4% and 1·7%, respectively. Higher levels of IL-1ß were associated with control women colonized by U. urealyticum and U. parvum. Increased levels of IL-6 were associated with women who exhibited U. parvum. Sexually active women, with more than one sexual partner in the last 3 months, living in a rural area were associated with increased odds of certain U. parvum serovar infection.


Assuntos
Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Infecções por Ureaplasma/epidemiologia , Ureaplasma/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/microbiologia , Infecções por Ureaplasma/microbiologia , Ureaplasma urealyticum/isolamento & purificação , Adulto Jovem
3.
Genet Mol Res ; 14(2): 6518-28, 2015 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26125856

RESUMO

The microbial community of the reproductive appara-tus, when known, can provide information about the health of the host. Metagenomics has been used to characterize and obtain genetic infor-mation about microbial communities in various environments and can relate certain diseases with changes in this community composition. In this study, samples of vaginal surface mucosal secretions were col-lected from five healthy cows and five cows that showed symptoms of reproductive disorders. Following high-throughput sequencing of the isolated microbial DNA, data were processed using the Mothur soft-ware to remove low-quality sequences and chimeras, and released to the Ribosomal Database Project for classification of operational taxo-nomic units (OTUs). Local BLASTn was performed and results were loaded into the MEGAN program for viewing profiles and taxonomic microbial attributes. The control profile comprised a total of 15 taxa, with Bacteroides, Enterobacteriaceae, and Victivallis comprising the highest representation of OTUs; the reproductive disorder-positive profile comprised 68 taxa, with Bacteroides, Enterobacteriaceae, His-tophilus, Victivallis, Alistipes, and Coriobacteriaceae being the taxa with the most OTU representation. A change was observed in both the community composition as well as in the microbial attributes of the profiles, suggesting that a relationship might exist between the patho-gen and representative taxa, reflecting the production of metabolites to disease progression.


Assuntos
Bactérias/genética , Microbiota/genética , Infecções do Sistema Genital/microbiologia , Vagina/microbiologia , Animais , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/patogenicidade , Bovinos , Feminino , Metagenômica , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Infecções do Sistema Genital/veterinária
4.
Vet Microbiol ; 295: 110158, 2024 Jun 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38917663

RESUMO

Sheep respiratory disease (SRD) is a multifactorial illness commonly affecting sheep. Mesomycoplasma (Mycoplasma) ovipneumoniae is one of the most important etiological agents of SRD and should be better understood, especially in countries where it was recently detected, such as Brazil. Also, the intensive use of quinolones in mycoplasmal infections increases the selective pressure for resistance to this drug class, and no data about antimicrobial resistance in Brazil is available. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a comparative genomic analysis of newly isolated Brazilian M. ovipneumoniae strains, identify point mutations in target genes that may be associated with antibiotic resistance, and perform a phylogenomic analysis of these strains with available genome representatives of M. ovipneumoniae. Glucose-fermenting fried egg-like colonies identified as M. ovipneumoniae were obtained after a culture of tracheobronchial lavage from infected sheep. The genomes were sequenced, de novo assembled and comparatively evaluated. Important putative virulence factors were detected in all isolates: the analysis of the average nucleotide homology of all these genes with the M. ovipneumoniae ATCC 29419 revealed associations between clpB, lgt, tuf, and dnaJ genes and geographic location. In addition, nucleotide substitutions in a few positions of the Quinolone-Resistant Determinant Region of the gyrA gene, including the Ser83Ala, were detected. The phylogenomic analysis showed that the Brazilian isolates belonged to two different clades corresponding to geographic location, and the isolates from São Paulo showed high similarity, which differs from isolates from Rio de Janeiro. This first genomic analysis of the Brazilian M. ovipneumoniae genomes demonstrates strain segregation according to location and health status, reinforcing the importance of continuous surveillance and diagnostics of this bacteria causing sheep respiratory disease in the Brazilian flocks.

5.
J Appl Microbiol ; 111(2): 417-25, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21575112

RESUMO

AIM: To develop a TaqMan probe-based, highly sensitive and specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the detection and quantification of Mycoplasma suis in the blood of pigs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Primers and probes specific to Myc. suis 16S rRNA gene were designed. The qPCR assay's specificity, detection limit, intra- and inter-assay variability were evaluated and its performance was compared with a Myc. suis conventional PCR assay (cPCR). Blood of two experimentally infected pigs, 40 Indiana pigs, 40 Brazilian sows and 28 peccaries were tested. The assay detected as few as ten copies of Myc. suis plasmids and was 100-fold more sensitive than the cPCR. No cross-reactivity with nontarget pig mycoplasmas was observed. An average of 1·62 × 10(11) and 2·75 × 10(8) target copies ml(-1) of blood were detected in the acutely and chronically infected pigs, respectively. Three (7·5%) pigs and 32 (80·0%) sows were positive while all peccaries were negative for Myc. suis. CONCLUSION: The developed qPCR assay is highly sensitive and specific for Myc. suis detection and quantification. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: TaqMan qPCR is an accurate and quick test for detection of Myc. suis infected pigs, which can be used on varied instrumentation platforms.


Assuntos
Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Mycoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Suínos/microbiologia , Animais , Brasil , Primers do DNA/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Feminino , Indiana , Limite de Detecção , Mycoplasma/genética , Infecções por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycoplasma/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Sus scrofa/microbiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/sangue
6.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 19(1): 103-6, 2007 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17459842

RESUMO

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the detection of Mycoplasma dispar in nasal mucus samples collected from calves. The target DNA sequence was the 16S rRNA gene, and the fragment was selected within a region of high polymorphism. The specificity and detection limit of the method were determined. This method was then used for the detection of M. dispar in nasal swabs collected from 301 calves, including 155 clinical samples from animals showing signs of respiratory disease and 146 samples from healthy animals. PCR with generic primers was applied to the detection of Mollicutes, followed by the detection of M. dispar. Mollicutes were detected in 52.05% of clinical samples from healthy animals and in 90.96% of samples from sick animals. Mycoplasma dispar was detected in 6.16% of healthy animals and in 34.84% of sick animals. The PCR assay was useful in verifying the presence of M. dispar in calves and may be a useful tool in monitoring this mycoplasma in cattle herds.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Muco/microbiologia , Mycoplasma dispar/genética , Mycoplasma dispar/isolamento & purificação , Nariz/microbiologia , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
7.
J Vet Intern Med ; 31(4): 1215-1220, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28602021

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important problem in cattle production that is responsible for economic losses in dairy herds. Mycoplasma spp. are described as an important etiological agent of BRD. HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the occurrence of the most important mycoplasmas in the lower respiratory tract of healthy and BRD cattle in relationship to clinical signs of BRD. ANIMALS: Sixty young dairy cattle were classified as healthy (n = 32) or cattle showing clinical signs of BRD (n = 28). METHODS: Tracheal lavage samples were collected and added to tubes containing Hayflick media. Mycoplasma spp. were identified by the presence of "fried egg" like colonies, biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Occurrence of Mollicutes, M. bovis, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC and M. dispar was evaluated. The association between clinical signs of BRD and the presence of Mycoplasma spp. also was evaluated. RESULTS: Colonies were obtained from a 1-year-old BRD calf only. However, species identification was not possible. Mollicutes (P = .035) and M. dispar (P = .036) were more common in BRD cattle. The relationship between Mollicutes and crackle (P = .057) was not significant. M. dispar was associated to tachypnea (P = .045) and mixed dyspnea (P = .003). Relationships to heart rate (P = .062) and crackle (P = .062) were not significant. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The results confirmed the importance of mycoplasma as an etiologic agent of BRD and suggested M. dispar as part of the respiratory microbiota and its possible role in the development of BRD.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/veterinária , Infecções Respiratórias/veterinária , Tenericutes , Animais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/patologia , Mycoplasma , Infecções por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/patologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/patologia , Tenericutes/patogenicidade
8.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 39(7): 907-14, 2006 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16862282

RESUMO

A total of 301 cell cultures from 15 laboratories were monitored for mycoplasma (Mollicutes) using PCR and culture methodology. The infection was detected in the cell culture collection of 12 laboratories. PCR for Mollicutes detected these bacteria in 93 (30.9%) samples. Although the infection was confirmed by culture for 69 (22.9%) samples, PCR with generic primers did not detect the infection in five (5.4%). Mycoplasma species were identified with specific primers in 91 (30.2%) of the 98 samples (32.6%) considered to be infected. Mycoplasma hyorhinis was detected in 63.3% of the infected samples, M. arginini in 59.2%, Acholeplasma laidlawii in 20.4%, M. fermentans in 14.3%, M. orale in 11.2%, and M. salivarium in 8.2%. Sixty (61.2%) samples were co-infected with more than one mycoplasma species. M. hyorhinis and M. arginini were the microorganisms most frequently found in combination, having been detected in 30 (30.6%) samples and other associations including up to four species were detected in 30 other samples. Failure of the treatments used to eliminate mycoplasmas from cell cultures might be explained by the occurrence of these multiple infections. The present results indicate that the sharing of non-certified cells among laboratories may disseminate mycoplasma in cell cultures.


Assuntos
Células Cultivadas/microbiologia , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Tenericutes/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Bases , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Tenericutes/classificação , Tenericutes/genética
9.
J Leukoc Biol ; 65(6): 808-14, 1999 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10380903

RESUMO

Bacterial products stimulate macrophage tumoricidal activity through release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and nitric oxide (NO). We show here that thioglycollate-elicited macrophages acquire cytotoxic activity when cocultured with Mycoplasma arginini-infected YAC-1 tumor cells and release TNF and NO. Fixed mycoplasma-infected cells, supernatants from infected-cell cultures, or purified heat-killed mycoplasma obtained from cell-free cultures were all able to induce TNF and NO production. Thus, the mycoplasma per se and not a product of infected cells induce the release of these molecules. Addition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to the cocultures, which reduced TNF release, or antibodies to TNF, did not affect macrophage cytotoxicity nor NO release. Inhibition of NO production by L-NAME or aminoguanidine reduced the cytotoxicity, and treatment with a NO donor was toxic to YAC-1 cells. These results indicate that M. arginini activates thioglycollate-elicited murine macrophages for NO and TNF release increasing their cytotoxic activity toward YAC-1 cells and that this activity is dependent on NO but not TNF release.


Assuntos
Cromossomos Artificiais de Levedura/microbiologia , Macrófagos/citologia , Mycoplasma/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Tioglicolatos/farmacologia , Animais , Cromossomos Artificiais de Levedura/imunologia , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , Macrófagos/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Infecções por Mycoplasma/fisiopatologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
10.
Vet Microbiol ; 72(3-4): 241-50, 2000 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10727834

RESUMO

Ureaplasma diversum has been associated with different clinical manifestations including bovine vulvitis, endometritis, salpingitis, spontaneous abortion and infertility. Because the isolation of this ureaplasma from clinical samples is difficult, there is a need for improved detection methods. We developed a PCR assay based on amplification of a region of the gene encoding 16S rRNA. The specificity of the amplification was verified by sequence analysis. Female bovine vaginal swabs (n=168) were collected and the presence of U. diversum evaluated by both culture methods and by the PCR assay. Culture was positive for 60 samples (35.7%), and PCR-specific amplification was obtained for 89 samples (52.9%). These results indicated a high prevalence of U. diversum in the selected animals and the higher sensitivity of this PCR assay as compared to culture.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Infecções por Ureaplasma/veterinária , Ureaplasma/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Sequência de Bases , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Clonagem Molecular , Sequência Conservada , Primers do DNA/química , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Imunodifusão/veterinária , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Ribossômico 16S/química , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Ureaplasma/genética , Infecções por Ureaplasma/diagnóstico , Infecções por Ureaplasma/microbiologia , Vagina/microbiologia , Vulvite/etiologia , Vulvite/veterinária
11.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 31(11): 1425-8, 1998 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9921279

RESUMO

Macrophages are important components of natural immunity involved in inhibition of tumor growth and destruction of tumor cells. It is known that these cells can be activated for tumoricidal activity by lymphokines and bacterial products. We investigated whether YAC-1 tumor cells infected with Mycoplasma arginini stimulate nitric oxide (NO) release and macrophage cytotoxic activity. Thioglycollate-elicited macrophages from male BALB/c mice were co-cultured for 20 h with YAC-1 tumor cells infected or not with Mycoplasma arginini. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated by MTT assay and nitrite levels were determined with the Griess reagent. Thioglycollate-elicited macrophages co-cultured with noninfected YAC-1 cells showed low cytotoxic activity (34.7 +/- 8.6%) and low production of NO (4.7 +/- 3.1 microM NO2-). These macrophages co-cultured with mycoplasma-infected YAC-1 cells showed significantly higher cytotoxic activity (61.4 +/- 9.1%; P < 0.05) and higher NO production (48.5 +/- 13 microM NO2-; P < 0.05). Addition of L-NAME (10 mM), an inhibitor of NO synthesis, to these co-cultures reduced the cytotoxic activity to 37.4 +/- 2% (P < 0.05) and NO production to 3 +/- 4 microM NO2- (P < 0.05). The present data show that Mycoplasma arginini is able to induce macrophage cytotoxic activity and that this activity is partially mediated by NO.


Assuntos
Cromossomos Artificiais de Levedura , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , Macrófagos/imunologia , Mycoplasma , Tioglicolatos/farmacologia , Animais , Cromossomos Artificiais de Levedura/microbiologia , Ativação de Macrófagos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Óxido Nítrico , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
12.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo ; 35(6): 551-5, 1993.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7997760

RESUMO

Staphylococcal Coagglutination was used as method for a rapid identification of mycoplasmas that could be performed by non specialized laboratories. Suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan I) sensitized with rabbit antibodies against NCTC mycoplasma strains have identified these microorganisms and the strains isolated from humans, cell cultures rats and mice in concentrated suspensions from cultures of 4.0 ml. Fourty eight strains of M.pulmonis, 6 of M. arthritidis, 8 of M.arginini, 3 of M.orale, 15 of A.laidlawii, 8 of M.hominis and 3 of M.pneumoniae were identified by staphylococcal coagglutination and confirmed by Growth Inhibition Test. Optimal parameters of coagglutination were established and the stability of the conjugates were preserved for 90 days when added with acetyl cysteine. The reaction was visualized without optical resources. The sera were previously absorbed with heterologous NCTC strains and with the pellet of the sterile broth.


Assuntos
Mycoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus/imunologia , Aglutinação , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Coelhos , Ratos
14.
Rev Saude Publica ; 24(1): 47-50, 1990 Feb.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2120768

RESUMO

Five disinfectants for household use were advertised on television during 1988 and the first half of 1989. The products were tested by a qualitative (Use-Dilution with 10 carriers, a conventional and simplified, adapted method) and a qualitative, adapted method with a view to evaluating their antimicrobial activity. The active compounds of the products, according to their respective labels were: 1--Parachlorophenol (0-Benzil) 0.1%; 2--Eter 2.4.4' Chloro (III) 2' hydroxiphenylic 0.1%; 3--N-alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides, N-alkyl dimethylethybenzyl ammonium 50%-1.6%; 4--Formaldehyde 37% (0.3% solution); 5--No information. The microorganisms used were: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708. In the qualitative method the pseudomonas strain was recovered from disinfectants 1, 2, and 3 and the salmonella strain from disinfectants 2 and 3. All disinfectants showed germicidal effect 5.0 (99.999%) of reduction) in 15 seconds against all strains. Disinfectant 3 was contaminated with Enterobacter sp to the order of 10(4) cells/ml. This contaminant was sensitive against disinfectants 1, 4 and 5, in the qualitative method and had a relative resistance to disinfectant 2 in the quantitative method.


Assuntos
Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Produtos Domésticos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Salmonella/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Desinfecção , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto
15.
Rev Saude Publica ; 23(2): 170-4, 1989 Apr.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2515584

RESUMO

The phenolic coefficient of 24 disinfectants (six for hospital and the remainder for household use) commercialized in S. Paulo were verified. The active compounds found were phenol, quaternary ammonium, formaldehyde, ethanol and chlorine, some of them in association. The microorganisms used were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708. The values of the phenolic coefficient ranged from 58.3 to 0.1. The hospital disinfectants showed values greater than those of the disinfectants for household use, though these differences do not necessarily indicate the quality of the respective products. Conversely the microbiological method adopted showed that some products for household use had low or inexistent antibacterial activity because the phenolic coefficient could not be determined for the dilutions used for this evaluation.


Assuntos
Desinfetantes/análise , Fenóis/análise , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Salmonella/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos
16.
Rev Saude Publica ; 34(5): 444-8, 2000 Oct.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11105107

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate disinfectants for domestic use for the presence of bacteria, identify them, and determine their tolerance level to benzalkonium chloride. METHODS: Fifty-two samples of commercially available disinfectants for domestic use were acquired at random in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil, and analyzed to detect the presence of bacterial contaminants. The isolated organisms were identified and their tolerance level to benzalkonium chloride was determined by broth macrodilution method. RESULTS: Sixteen (30.77%) of fifty-two disinfectants sampled were contaminated by Gram-negative bacteria, with counts varying between 10(4) and 10(6) UFC/ml. Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, Burkholderia cepacia and Serratia marcescens were the predominant organisms found. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC: mg/ml) of benzalkonium chloride for these bacteria were 2.48, 1.23 and 0.30 to S. marcescens, A. xylosoxidans and B. cepacia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The disinfectant formulation containing quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) may be exposed to contamination by Gram-negative bacteria. The MICs of benzalkonium chloride against the isolated bacteria were low, indicating that the bacteria grown in culture media without QACs lost their tolerance to this biocide.


Assuntos
Desinfetantes , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Contaminação de Medicamentos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos
17.
Rev Saude Publica ; 26(5): 328-31, 1992 Oct.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1342521

RESUMO

The methodology of microbiological evaluation of disinfectants in permanently being questioned because the laboratorial protocols do not correspond to the real conditions under which these products are used. In 1985 the Use-Dilution method of AOAC was adopted in Brazil for microbiological qualification of chemical disinfectants for commercial purposes. Domestic disinfectants are tested in this way against Salmonella choleraesuis and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC strains, was chosen for this evaluation Vibrio cholerae in view of its current importance in Brazil, in terms of Public Health associated with the study of the disinfectant's antimicrobial activities. Nineteen disinfectant products for domestic use for available to the public were evaluated microbiologically by means of simplified Use-Dilution test with 10 carriers. The active compounds of the products included formaldehyde, phenols, cresols, quaternary ammonium compounds, chlorine and ethanol. Seven were mixtures of these. According to the recommendations for their use, sixteen products should be used undiluted. Under these conditions, 9 disinfectants were vibriocides and 7 did not demonstrate this antibacterial activity. Four products in dilutions not clearly specified were also ineffective. The vibriocide products which must used without dilution were tested again, diluted at 1:2. These solutions did not inactivate V. cholerae showing that, microbiologically, their active compounds are used in limited concentrations. Commercial alcohol (95.5 degrees GL) at 1:3, chlorine 2.8% Agua sanitária at 1:200 and Lysoform at 1:20 came up to the standards required by the test.


Assuntos
Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Produtos Domésticos , Vibrio cholerae/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Sorotipagem , Vibrio cholerae/classificação
18.
Rev Saude Publica ; 26(1): 17-20, 1992 Feb.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1307416

RESUMO

Cell cultures must be continuously screened for the presence of mycoplasma because, although these microorganisms sometimes pass unnoticed, they may cause chromosomic alterations and interfere with viral replication, antibody and interferon production etc. The International Organization for Mycoplasmology (IOM) recommends the isolation and identification of mycoplasma with a view to the detection of the origin of the infection and the improvement of the quality of the cultures. In this paper, 37 samples belonging to 27 cell lines contaminated with mycoplasma were assayed by the growth inhibition test. It is known that Mycoplasma orale is the most common human mycoplasma contaminant of cell cultures, the major vehicle of contamination being mouth pippeting, while commercial bovine serum in the main source for Mycoplasma arginini and Acholeplasma laidlawii. M. arginini was found in 18 (48.65%) of the cell samples tested, A. laidlawii in 15 (40.55%), and M. orale in two (5.40%). Two other samples could not be identified by the antisera used (antisera against M. arginini, M. orale, Mycoplasma hyorhinis and A. laidlawii) their characteristics being "fried egg" colonies, digitonine sensitivity, Dienes stained, positive glucose catabolism, negative arginini hydrolysis, and negative tetrazolium reduction. No more than one type of mycoplasma was found in each cell culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Assuntos
Mycoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Células Cultivadas/microbiologia , Meios de Cultura , Mycoplasma/crescimento & desenvolvimento
20.
Vet Microbiol ; 152(1-2): 205-11, 2011 Aug 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21601382

RESUMO

Ureaplasma diversum infection in bulls may result in seminal vesiculitis, balanoposthitis and alterations in spermatozoids. In cows, it can cause placentitis, fetal alveolitis, abortion and the birth of weak calves. U. diversum ATCC 49782 (serogroups A), ATCC 49783 (serogroup C) and 34 field isolates were used for this study. These microorganisms were submitted to Polymerase Chain Reaction for 16S gene sequence determination using Taq High Fidelity and the products were purified and bi-directionally sequenced. Using the sequence obtained, a fragment containing four hypervariable regions was selected and nucleotide polymorphisms were identified based on their position within the 16S rRNA gene. Forty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were detected. The genotypic variability of the 16S rRNA gene of U. diversum isolates shows that the taxonomy classification of these organisms is likely much more complex than previously described and that 16S rRNA gene sequencing may be used to suggest an epidemiologic pattern of different origin strains.


Assuntos
Variação Genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Ureaplasma/genética , Animais , Brasil , Bovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Feminino , Masculino , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Sêmen/microbiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Ureaplasma/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Ureaplasma/microbiologia , Infecções por Ureaplasma/veterinária , Vagina/microbiologia
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