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Anthropogenic activities are intensively affecting the structure and function of biological communities in river ecosystems. The effects of anthropogenic pollution on single-trophic community have been widely explored, but their effects on the structures and co-occurrence patterns of multitrophic communities remain largely unknown. In this study, we collected 13 water samples from the Neijiang River in Chengdu City of China, and identified totally 2352 bacterial, 207 algal, 204 macroinvertebrate, and 33 fish species based on the eDNA metabarcoding to systematically investigate the responses of multitrophic communities to environmental stressors. We observed significant variations in bacterial, algal, and macroinvertebrate community structures (except fish) with the pollution levels in the river. Network analyses indicated a more intensive interspecific co-occurrence pattern at high pollution level. Although taxonomic diversity of the multitrophic communities varied insignificantly, phylogenetic diversities of fish and algae showed significantly positive and negative associations with the pollution levels, respectively. We demonstrated the primary role of environmental filtering in driving the structures of bacteria, algae, and macroinvertebrates, while the fish was more controlled by dispersal limitation. Nitrogen was identified as the most important factor impacting the multitrophic community, where bacterial composition was mostly associated with NO3--N, algal spatial differentiation with TN, and macroinvertebrate and fish with NH4+-N. Further partial least-squares path model confirmed more important effect of environmental variables on the relative abundance of bacteria and algae, while macroinvertebrate and fish communities were directly driven by the algae-mediated pathway in the food web. Our study highlighted the necessity of integrated consideration of multitrophic biodiversity for riverine pollution management, and emphasized the importance of controlling nitrogen inputs targeting a healthy ecosystem.
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DNA Ambiental , Rios , Animais , Rios/química , Ecossistema , Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico , Filogenia , Monitoramento Ambiental , Biodiversidade , Plantas , Nitrogênio , ChinaRESUMO
The selective reduction of nitrite (NO2-) to nitrogen by chemical reductant is a desirable strategy to remove NO2- from polluted water and wastewater. However, the residue and reuse of chemical reductant are two main issues to be addressed. Herein, a novel polyaniline-carbon nanotubes composite (PANI-CNTs) was developed by in-situ polymerization to selectively reduce NO2- to nitrogen gas (N2). The used PANI-CNTs could be reused after regeneration with NaBH4. The PANI-CNTs could reduce NO2- with 93.9% N2 selectivity at initial pH of 6.8. The NO2- removal efficiency only decreased by 12.08% after five cycles of reduction/regeneration. The interconversion between imine nitrogen (-N) and amine nitrogen (-NH-) groups induced the chemical reduction of NO2- and regeneration of PANI-CNTs. PANI-CNTs exhibited an excellent performance for the removal of NO2- in the presence of competitive ions and in actual water and wastewater samples. This new PANI-CNTs composite may have great potential for water purification and wastewater denitrification.
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Nanotubos de Carbono , Nitritos , Compostos de Anilina , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Nitrogênio , Dióxido de Nitrogênio , Substâncias Redutoras , Águas Residuárias , ÁguaRESUMO
Due to the increasingly frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging, the spatial optimization of low impact development (LID) practices has been commonly used to detain and reduce storm water runoff in the most cost-effective way. In this study, the flow transmission chain (FTC) was proposed to replace the routing portion of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and was combined with the runoff component of the SWMM to simulate LID practices (SWMM-FTC). In the SWMM-FTC, the third Evolution Step of Generalized Differential Evolution (GDE3) was employed to optimize the LID layout design. The results showed that the relative error between the modified SWMM-FTC and the calibrated SWMM was less than 0.25% under various LID scenarios, and the computational efficiency of the SWMM-FTC was improved by 19.3 times. Moreover, the GDE3 outperformed the commonly used non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA2), and the multi-objective shuffled frog leaping algorithm (MOSFLA) due to its ability to find the most cost-effective solution. The LID layout obtained from the SWMM-FTC with the GDE3 saved $210-1067 to achieve a 1% reduction in storm water runoff. This result demonstrates that the SWMM-FTC with the GDE3 can achieve higher environmental benefits than comparable models, providing better guidance for managers and stakeholders.
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Chuva , Movimentos da Água , Algoritmos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Modelos Teóricos , ÁguaRESUMO
Direct C5 (hetero)arylation of uracil and uridine substrates with (hetero)aryl diazonium salts under photoredox catalysis with blue light was reported. The coupling proceeds efficiently with diazonium salts and heterocycles in good functional group tolerance at room temperature in aqueous solution without transition-metal components. A plausible radical mechanism has been proposed.
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Elementos de Transição , Uracila , Catálise , Luz , ÁguaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To explore the expression and correlation of Omentin-1 and miR-502-3p in serum of patients with osteoporotic fracture (OPF). METHODS: Sixty OPF patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were included in group A. Fifty-six osteoporosis patients without fractures were included in group B. Omentin-1 and miR-502-3p levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Their predictive value for diagnostic efficiency was assessed by ROC curve. Spearman's rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis. The risk factors related to the prognosis of OPF were analyzed by Logistic univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The expression of Omentin-1 and miR-502-3p in group A was markedly lower than in group B (P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that in OPF, there was a negative correlation between serum Omentin-1 and TNF-α (r=0.8579, P<0.001), a negative correlation between serum miR-502-3p and TNF-α (r= 0.8653, P<0.001), and a positive correlation between serum Omentin-1 and miR-502-3p (r= 0.8764, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Omentin-1 and miR-502-3p were down-regulated in serum of patients with OPF, both of which could be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and disease evaluation of OPF.
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MicroRNAs/genética , Fraturas por Osteoporose , Citocinas , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI , Humanos , Lectinas , Fraturas por Osteoporose/genética , Prognóstico , Curva ROC , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfaRESUMO
Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. In this study, a ratiometric fluorescence (FL) probe was developed to detect TC in water samples using waste printing paper extract as a FL indicator. For this ratiometric probe, the emission of printing paper extract at 436 nm gradually decreased and the emission of a mixed solution at 538 nm significantly increased with the sequential addition of TC upon excitation at 390 nm, coupled with a marked FL colour change from bright blue to faint yellow. Therefore, a ratiometric F538 /F436 FL probe was created for TC detection by simply mixing the printing paper extraction and TC. Under the optimized conditions, a linear range from 1 to 100 µM and a detection limit of 0.48 µM (S/N = 3) for TC were obtained. Importantly, the FL probe can be easily prepared with rapid response, high sensitivity, and good selectivity. The application of waste printing paper extract for detection of TC in environmental water samples was demonstrated.
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Corantes Fluorescentes , Tetraciclina , Antibacterianos , Limite de Detecção , Espectrometria de FluorescênciaRESUMO
Paper has become one of the most promising substrates for building low-cost and powerful sensing platforms due to its self-pumping ability and compatibility with multiple patterning methods. Paper-based sensors have been greatly developed in the field of environmental monitoring. In this review, we introduced the research and application of paper-based sensors in environmental monitoring, focusing on the deposition and patterning methods of building paper-based sensors, and summarized the applications of detecting environmental pollutants, including metal ions, anions, explosives, neurotoxins, volatile organic compounds, and small molecules. In addition, the development prospects and challenges of promoting paper-based sensors are also discussed. The current review will provide references for the construction of portable paper-based sensors, and has implications for the field of on-site real-time detection of the environment.
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Poluentes Ambientais , Monitoramento Ambiental , Íons , MetaisRESUMO
Flooding is a major natural disaster that has brought tremendous losses to mankind throughout the ages. Even so, floods can be controlled by appropriate measures to minimize loss and damage. Flood risk assessment is an essential analytic step in preventing floods and reducing losses. Identifying previous flood risk and predicting future features are conducive to understanding the changing patterns and laws of flood risk. Taking the Dongjiang River basin as a study case, we assessed and regionalized flood risk in 1990, 2000, and 2010 from the past perspective and explored dynamic expansion during 1990-2010. Then, we projected land-use type, population, and gross domestic product in 2030 and 2050 and finally assessed and regionalized the risk from a future perspective. Results show that areas with very high risk accounted for 14.98-18.08% during 1990-2010; approximately 13.90% areas of the basin transformed from lower-level risk to higher-level risk whereas 9.07% fell from a higher level to a lower level during the period. For the future scenario, areas with very high and high risk in 2030 and 2050 are expected to account for 21.55% and 24.84%, respectively. Generally, our study can better identify changes in flood risk at a spatial scale and reveal the dynamic evolution rule, which provides a synthetical means of flood prevention and reduction, flood insurance, urban planning, and water resource management in the future under global climate change, especially for developing or high-speed urbanization regions.
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Numerical study on unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of rigid and flexible pectoral fins in viscous flow-field was performed in the present study. The effect of key kinematical parameters on the propulsion performance was analyzed. The propulsion mechanism was explored by evolution of wake vortices. Computational results revealed that optimal combination for investigated parameters was U = 4C, Φ(FLA) = 45°, ΔΦ(FL) = 60° and α(0) = 0.2. Wake vortices were shed from two edges of fin and fin tip and convect downstream as well as laterally. For flexible pectoral fin, the shedding time was delayed and shed wake vortices keep longer time near the fin that led to difference in variation amplitude of hydrodynamics as compared to rigid fin. The hydrodynamic performance of flexible fin was superior to that of rigid fin for low incoming velocity. However, the opposite situation occured for high incoming velocity.
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Nadadeiras de Animais , Hidrodinâmica , Animais , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Simulação por Computador , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Microplastics (MPs, ≤ 5 mm in size) are hazardous contaminants that pose threats to ecosystems and human health. YNet was developed to analyze MPs abundance and shape to gain insights into MPs pollution characteristics in urban surface waters. The study found that YNet achieved an accurate identification and intelligent classification performance, with a dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 90.78%, precision of 94.17%, and recall of 89.14%. Analysis of initial MPs levels in wetlands and reservoirs revealed 127.3 items/L and 56.0 items/L. Additionally, the MPs in effluents were 27.0 items/L and 26.3 items/L, indicating the ability of wetlands and reservoirs to retain MPs. The concentration of MPs in the lower reaches of the river was higher (45.6 items/L) compared to the upper reaches (22.0 items/L). The majority of MPs detected in this study were fragments, accounting for 51.63%, 54.94%, and 74.74% in the river, wetland, and reservoir. Conversely, granules accounted for the smallest proportion of MPs in the river, wetland, and reservoir, representing only 11.43%, 10.38%, and 6.5%. The study proves that the trained YNet accurately identify and intelligently classify MPs. This tool is essential in comprehending the distribution of MPs in urban surface waters and researching their sources and fate.
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Urban floods will continue to be an alarming issue worldwide due to climate change and urban expansion. The costly and less environmentally friendly grey infrastructure is not always the most adequate solution to resolve urban pluvial flooding issues. The combination of grey and blue-green infrastructures, also called hybrid infrastructure, has been considered a promising solution for urban stormwater management. Existing approaches for identifying suitable hybrid solutions frequently rely on global multi-objective optimization algorithms. We developed a pre-screening method that decomposes a drainage network into clusters of pipes connected to sub-catchments, based on pipe hydraulic characteristic that allows for the impact of infrastructure combinations (blue-green and grey) to be mapped. Four impact matrices are proposed to map the total, local, upstream, and downstream flood reduction of all possible blue-green, grey, and hybrid solutions. Using an urban catchment in Guangzhou (China) as a case study, results showed that such an exercise could identify prime candidate locations for blue-green and grey infrastructure while filtering out ineffective locations for flood reduction. Furthermore, the impact matrices enabled the identification of flood zones where blue-green infrastructure could handle flood mitigation without the need of local grey infrastructure upgrades. As such, they are not only useful for quick screening of suitable interventions for each flooded zone, but can also potentially serve as a priori knowledge before diving into the data and computationally expensive process of finding the most effective flood mitigation solutions.
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The adverse impacts of climate and landuse change are threatening the availability of water quantity and its quality, yet there are limited understandings in the response of water availability to changing environment at different spatio-temporal scales. Aimed at quantifying the individual and superimposed effects of climate and landuse change on streamflow and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) load in the Dongjiang River Basin (DRB), we dynamically simulated the historical (1981-2010) and future (2030-2070) variation of runoff depth and NH3-N load coupling multiple regional climate model and landuse data. The increase in runoff depth (avg. +233.9 mm) due to climate change was about 33 times greater than that caused by landuse change (avg. -7.2 mm). Especially in the downstream of DRB (Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Dongguan cities, etc.), the maximum rise of runoff depth under climate change was near twice compared with baseline period, indicating the dominant control of climate change on runoff. Also there existed higher coefficient of variation (Cv) value of runoff in the dry season of downstream DRB, contributing potential great fluctuation in runoff. Besides, the variation of NH3-N load was jointly influenced by climate and landuse change, revealing an offset or amplification effect. Moreover, the variability of NH3-N load (Cv value as the metric) increased from 2030, reached a maximum in 2050, following decreased to 2070. The spatial distribution of NH3-N load, in general, presented a downward trend and concentrated near the water body, while the monthly average NH3-N load showed distinct peaks in spring and late summer temporally. Overall, the results highlight the significance of investigating the water availability under changing environment and more adaptive strategies should be proposed for better basin water management.
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The role of microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) in viral infection has received increasing attention. Our previous study demonstrated the susceptibility of porcine pulmonary MVECs to highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV), while their responses to the viral infection remain unclear. This study aimed to understand effects of the HP-PRRSV infection on functions of porcine pulmonary MVECs and the intervention effects of Chinese herbal ingredients on them. Highly purified porcine pulmonary MVECs were separated using CD31-immunomagnetic beads and infected with HP-PRRSV JXA1 and HN strain. The virus particles in cells and the ultrastructural pathological changes of cells were revealed by transmission electron microscopy. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing indicated that 104 and 228 genes were differentially expressed at 36 h post-infection, respectively, including many inflammatory molecules such as interleukins, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. The expression kinetics of HP-PRRSV-induced IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and VCAM-1 were characterized at the mRNA and protein levels. Luteolin significantly down-regulated HP-PRRSV-induced increase of the four molecules at both levels, and glycyrrhetinic acid and baicalin reduced that of IL-6 and VCAM-1. Our results suggest that porcine pulmonary MVECs play important roles in the inflammatory lung injury caused by HP-PRRSV infection and that herbal ingredients have potential regulatory effects on the HP-PRRSV-induced dysfunction of MVECs.
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Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva Suína , Vírus da Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva Suína , Suínos , Animais , Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva Suína/tratamento farmacológico , Células Endoteliais , Interleucina-6 , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/genéticaRESUMO
Central venous disease (CVD) with stenosis or occlusion is a severe and prevalent complication for chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients, resulting in dialysis access dysfunction. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stent placement (PTS) has become one of the first-line treatments for CVD. In clinical practice, the extra stents would be used if the curative efficacy of a single stent were unsatisfactory. Aiming to evaluate the therapeutic effect of different PTS schemes, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations on four patients were performed to compare the hemodynamic characteristics of real-life HD patients after stent placement. The three-dimensional central vein's models of each patient were built using computational tomography angiography (CTA) images, and idealized models were constructed as contrast. Two inlet velocity modes were imposed to imitate the blood flow rate of healthy and HD patients. The hemodynamic parameters for different patients were investigated, including wall shear stress (WSS), velocity, and helicity. The results showed that the implantation of double stents is able to improve flexibility. When subjected to external force, the double stents have better radial stiffness. This paper evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of stent placement and provided a theoretical basis for CVD intervention in hemodialysis patients.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Stents , Humanos , Veias , Angioplastia/métodos , HemodinâmicaRESUMO
Antibiotics have garnered worldwide attention due to their omnipresence and detrimental effects on aquatic organisms, yet their potential relationships with multitrophic aquatic communities in natural rivers remain largely unknown. Here, we examined 107 antibiotics in water and sediment from an urban river in Chengdu, Sichuan province (China). The bacterial, algal, macroinvertebrates, and fish communities were synchronously measured based on the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach, and their relationships with antibiotics were further investigated. The results showed that the total antibiotic concentrations ranged from 1.12 to 377 ng/L and from 7.95 to 145 ng/g in water and sediment, respectively. Significant seasonal variations in the concentrations and compositions of antibiotics in water were observed. eDNA metabarcoding revealed great compositional variations of bacterial, algal, macroinvertebrates, and fish communities along the river, and antibiotics had significant negative relationships with the community diversities of aquatic organisms (p < 0.05) except for fish. Meanwhile, significant negative correlations were observed between antibiotic concentrations and the relative abundances of essential metabolism pathways of bacteria, e.g., energy metabolism (p < 0.05), carbohydrate metabolism (p < 0.05), and lipid metabolism (p < 0.01). Moreover, antibiotics demonstrated greater effects on the function of bacterial community compared with environmental variables. The findings highlight the significance of eDNA metabarcoding approach in revealing the relationships between aquatic communities and antibiotics, and call for further studies on the effects of antibiotics on multitrophic aquatic communities in natural waters.
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DNA Ambiental , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Rios , Antibacterianos/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Organismos Aquáticos , China , Peixes , Plantas , Bactérias , Água , EcossistemaRESUMO
The highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) often causes secondary bacterial infection in piglets, resulting in inflammatory lung injury and leading to high mortality rates and significant economic losses in the pig industry. Microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) play a crucial role in the inflammatory response. Previous studies have shown that HP-PRRSV can infect porcine pulmonary MVECs and damage the endothelial glycocalyx. To further understand the role of pulmonary MVECs in the pathogenesis of HP-PRRSV and its secondary bacterial infection, in this study, cultured porcine pulmonary MVECs were stimulated with a HP-PRRSV HN strain and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The changes in gene expression profiles were analyzed through transcriptome sequencing, and the differentially expressed genes were verified using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Furthermore, the effects on endothelial barrier function and regulation of neutrophil trans-endothelial migration were detected using the Transwell model. HP-PRRSV primarily induced differential expression of numerous genes associated with immune response, including IFIT2, IFIT3, VCAM1, ITGB4, and CCL5, whereas LPS triggered an inflammatory response involving IL6, IL16, CXCL8, CXCL14, and ITGA7. Compared to the individual effect of LPS, when given after HN-induced stimulation, it caused a greater number of changes in inflammatory molecules, such as VCAM1, IL1A, IL6, IL16, IL17D, CCL5, ITGAV, IGTB8, and TNFAIP3A, a more significant reduction in transendothelial electrical resistance, and higher increase in neutrophil transendothelial migration. In summary, these results suggest a synergistic effect of HP-PRRSV and LPS on the inflammatory response of porcine pulmonary MVECs. This study provides insights into the mechanism of severe lung injury caused by secondary bacterial infection following HP-PRRSV infection from the perspective of MVECs, emphasizing the vital role of pulmonary MVECs in HP-PRRSV infection.
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Infecções Bacterianas , Lesão Pulmonar , Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva Suína , Vírus da Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva Suína , Animais , Suínos , Lipopolissacarídeos , Células Endoteliais , Interleucina-16 , Interleucina-6RESUMO
The 'rural revitalization strategy' is important to achieve sustainable development in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA), the largest reservoir in China, located in the poverty alleviation region of the Qinling-Daba mountains, and characterized as mountainous and hilly dominated by backwards resettlements. Pig farming around the reservoir area is a key industry, accounting for 0.90% of the arable land area in the country, while the annual pig market represents a 1.37% share of the national figure. Here, 12 study sites were investigated on-site for understanding agricultural green development in the TGRA. We found two main prevailing models: one of ecological circulation (EC), based on animal husbandry and recycling. Of the 12 site, six cases of the ecological circulation model relied on pig husbandry, combined with cropping (grains/fruits/vegetables) by eco-industrial chains, such as pig-biogas-fruit (grain/vegetables), to prevent environmental pollution, while promoting agricultural economic growth by recycling fecal residues and wastewater (FSW) from pig-husbandry facilities to the fields. Our analysis predicted that a farm holding 10,000 pigs may save inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers by as much as 74.36 and 11.15 ton·a-1, respectively. On the other hand, five cases of ecological models oriented towards agritourism provided tourists with high-quality ecological products while coordinating environment protection with economic development. In addition, 11 research points applied water and fertilizer integration system for the purpose of saving water. However, lack of sufficient supporting arable land made intensive pig farming a risk of ecological degradation. Green control technologies are rarely used leading to an increase in the type and amount of pesticides. Our study has theoretical and practical significance for decision-makers to promote agricultural cleaner production (ACP).
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Microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) have been an important tool in many research fields, while their purification remained challenging, particularly from thin and fragile tissues, such as murine intestinal mucosae. Therefore, we established an immunomagnetic method for isolating rat intestinal mucosal MVECs using an automatic magnetic separation system from the primary cell culture, which was preliminarily purified by the differential adhesion combined with mechanically scraping method. The CD31+ cells were separated and their purity was about 96.5%, which grew into a contact-inhibited cobblestone-like monolayer after about 6-day incubation. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed the presence of Weibel-Palade bodies. The endothelial tubes formed on Matrigel for about 4-h cultivation. The MVECs could grow well until at least passage 10. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that factor VIII (FVIII), CD31 and CD34 were generally expressed in the MVECs. The fluorescence intensity of FVIII was higher after magnetic separation than before, while those of CD31 and CD34 didn't have significant difference. In conclusion, highly pure MVECs were isolated from rat intestinal mucosae using magnetic beads coated with anti-CD31 antibodies, and magnetic separation may influence the expression of FVIII.
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Células Endoteliais , Endotélio Vascular , Animais , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Separação Imunomagnética/métodos , Mucosa Intestinal , Camundongos , RatosRESUMO
The photoredox synthesis of C-5 (hetero)arylated uracil and uridine substrates with the corresponding diazonium salts is described. The coupling proceeds efficiently without protection of the hydroxyls at the ribose or pre-functionalization of the C5 position at the nucleobase. No transition-metal catalyst is used in this transformation, thereby avoiding metal contamination in the final products. The use of water as the medium also eliminates the impurities caused by the use of organic solvents. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of 5-aryl and 5-heteroaryl uracil derivatives Basic Protocol 2: Synthesis of 5-aryl uridine and deoxyuridine uridine derivatives.
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Luz , Uracila , Catálise , Uridina , ÁguaRESUMO
Powdery mildew is one of the severe diseases on common bean in Southwestern China, but the identity of the pathogen inciting this disease is unclear. The objective of this study was to identify the causal agent of common bean powdery mildew and to screen resistant cultivars. The pathogen was identified through morphological identification, molecular phylogenetic analysis, and pathogenicity tests. Resistance of common bean cultivars was evaluated by artificial inoculation at the seedling stage. The common bean powdery mildew isolate CBPM1 was obtained after pathogen isolation and purification. Morphological identification confirmed that the isolate CBPM1 belonged to the Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium and germinated Pseudoidium-type germ tubes. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolate CBPM1 and Erysiphe vignae isolates from different hosts were clustered into a distinct group. The pathogenicity and host range tests revealed that the isolate CBPM1 was strongly pathogenic to common bean, multiflora bean, lablab bean, cowpea, and mung bean, but not to soybean, adzuki bean, pea, faba bean, chickpea, lentil, pumpkin, and cucumber. In addition, 54 common bean cultivars were identified for resistance to powdery mildew, and 15 were resistant or segregant. Based on the morphological, molecular and pathogenic characteristics, the causal agent of common bean powdery mildew was identified as E. vignae. This is the first time E. vignae has been confirmed on common bean. Cultivars with different resistance levels were screened, and these cultivars could be used for disease control or the breeding of new resistant cultivars.