[Roles of G protein-coupled receptor 30 in the effects of genistein on apoptosis and cell cycle in human thyroid squamous cells SW579].

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the estrogen receptor expression in human thyroid squamous cell carcinoma SW579 and the effects of genistein on the apoptosis and cycle of SW579 and its mechnism. METHODS: The real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of estrogen receptor(ER)α、ERß and G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)30 in human thyroid squamous cell line SW579; MTT was used to test the effect of genistein on cell proliferation in the SW579 cells before and after blocking GPR30; flow cytometry was explorited to measure the effect of genistein on the cell cycle and apoptosis in the SW579 was detected before and after blocking GPR30. RESULTS: The high concentration of genistein promoted the expression of ERß and GPR30 in the SW579 cells, but ERα was not expressed. The specific blocking of GPR30, the cell proliferation was aboviously inhibited by genistein in the SW579 cells and the cell apoptosis was markedly promoted after the GPR30 was blocked; The cell cycle was mainly blocked in G_2/M phase. CONCLUSION: Genistein can obiviously promote the cell proliferation in the SW579 cells, which may be related to the action of GPR30.

[The change of cancer-related genes expression profile in Nthy-ori-3-1 cell induced by the pesticide amitrole].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism of amitrole causing thyroid tumor in Nthy-ori-3-1 cell by differential expression microarray analysis. METHODS: After the Nthy-ori-3-1cells were treated with 1 ~ 100 g / m L amitrole for 24 h, and the effect of amitrole on the proliferation of the cells was detected by MTT assay. Then cells were treated with 100 g / m L amitrole for 24 h, and the differential expression microarray was tested. The microarray results was analyzed by GO analysis and pathway analysis. The microarray results were verified by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: MTT results showed that amitole had no significant effect on the proliferation of Nthy-ori-3-1 cells. Microarray results showed that 90( 55 up-regulated, 35 down regulated) genes were significantly changed. GO analysis showed that 43( 37 up-regulated, 6 down-regulated) of the 90 changed genes were related to biological processes, and 42( 37 up-regulated, 5down-regulated) were related to molecular function, and 44( 38 up-regulated, 6 downregulated) were related to cell components. Pathway results showed that 44 signalingpathways were influenced by the differentially expressed genes, and 10 of them were closely related to tumor. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with microarray results. wnt5 b, arnt2 and bmp2 genes were significantly related with multiple tumor-associated pathways. CONCLUSION: Amitrole may cause thyroid tumor by multiple signaling pathways, and bmp2, arnt2 and wnt5 b may beits major target genes.

Maturation and emigration of single-positive thymocytes.

T lymphopoiesis in the thymus was thought to be completed once it reaches the single positive (SP) stage, a stage when T cells are "fully mature" and waiting to be exported at random or follow a "first-in-first-out" manner. Recent evidence, however, has revealed that the newly generated SP thymocytes undergo a multistage maturation program in the thymic medulla. Such maturation is followed by a tightly regulated emigration process and a further postthymic maturation of recent thymic emigrants (RTEs). This review summarizes recent progress in the late stage T cell development. The regulation of this developmental process is discussed.

Depression and anxiety of medical students at Kunming Medical University during COVID-19: A cross-sectional survey.

An isolation strategy was used to control the transmission and rapid spread of COVID-19 in Yunnan. As a result, students were supposed to stay at home and disrupted their outside activities. It led to a detrimental influence on students' mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of depression and anxiety among medical students and to provide ideas for the prevention of depression and anxiety in medical students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,116 medical students at Kunming Medical University from July 8 to July 16, 2020. Participants' demographic and living conditions were collected. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to detect risk factors associated with depression and anxiety. The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety among medical students were 52.5 and 29.6%, respectively. Depression was more likely to be caused by low grades, lack of physical exercise, drug use, irregular diet, extensive screen time on mobile phones, being greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and inadaptability to offline courses. Anxiety was more likely to be caused by lack of physical exercise, drug use, irregular diet, and inadaptability to offline courses. Depression and anxiety are highly comorbid. Our study showed predictive factors for depression and anxiety and identified a major mental health burden on medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak. More targeted measures should be taken to improve the mental state of students to reduce the incidence of depression and anxiety.

Prophylactic Effects of Bifidobacterium adolescentis on Anxiety and Depression-Like Phenotypes After Chronic Stress: A Role of the Gut Microbiota-Inflammation Axis.

Stress disturbs the balance of the gut microbiota and stimulates inflammation-to-brain mechanisms. Moreover, stress leads to anxiety and depressive disorders. Bifidobacterium adolescentis displays distinct anti-inflammatory effects. However, no report has focused on the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of B. adolescentis related to the gut microbiome and the inflammation on chronic restraint stress (CRS) in mice. We found that pretreatment with B. adolescentis increased the time spent in the center of the open field apparatus, increased the percentage of entries into the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and the percentage of time spent in the open arms of the EPM, and decreased the immobility duration in the tail suspension test as well as the forced swimming test (FST). Moreover, B. adolescentis increased the sequence proportion of Lactobacillus and reduced the sequence proportion of Bacteroides in feces. Furthermore, B. adolescentis markedly reduced the protein expression of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), p-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and Iba1 and elevated brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus. We conclude that the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of B. adolescentis are related to reducing inflammatory cytokines and rebalancing the gut microbiota.