[Study on primary screening technique for children with autism spectrum disorder].

To explore screening tools for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which are convenient for primary hospitals, it can provide basic data for formulating ASD prevention policies. This was a cross-sectional study by cluster sampling. Huyi District and Xincheng District were extracted for investigation in Xi'an City. From July 2021 to September 2022, all children aged from 3 months to 36 months who live in the two districts were subjected to primary screening. The child care physician used the routine screening tool "warning signs checklist for screening psychological, behavioral and developmental problems of children" and cartoon pictures of "early high-risk warning signs of autism", the children who were positive in the initial screening were referred to the district level maternal and child health hospital for re-screening, and those who were positive in the re-screening were referred to Xi 'an Children's Hospital for diagnosis. The results showed that a total of 17 905 children aged from 3 months to 36 months were initially screened in the two districts, including 10 588 children aged from 18 months to 36 months, 50 children who were positive in the initial screening and 50 children who were re-screened. 23 children (18 boys and 5 girls) were diagnosed with ASD. The prevalence rate of ASD in children was 2.17‰ (95% confidence interval:1.29‰-3.06‰). 42 children were positive for "warning signs checklist" at the preliminary screening, and 19 were confirmed as ASD. 27 children were positive for "cartoon pictures" in the preliminary screening, and 23 were confirmed with ASD. The "cartoon pictures" in the preliminary screening and diagnosis of consistent rate was higher than the "warning signs checklist", two kinds of screening methods comparison were statistically significant difference in the odds of consistent (χ2=11.01, P=0.001). In conclusion, relying on the three-level network of maternal and child health care, it is conducive to the whole process management of screening and diagnosis of children with ASD, and to guide the formulation of prevention policies. The cartoon pictures of "early high-risk warning signs of autism" can assist the identification of children with ASD based on the "warning signs checklist", which is simple, effective and suitable for promotion in the community health care.

[Progressive necrotizing xanthogranuloma in both eyes: a case report].

A 55-year-old male patient presenting with 6 months of bilateral difficulty in eye opening was referred to the ophthalmology department. Upon examination, multiple yellowish tumor-like plaques and nodules were observed on the eyelids and chest of the patient, accompanied by keratitis and iridocyclitis. Histopathological examination of the skin lesions on the chest revealed dermal xanthomatous granulomas with progressive necrosis. Bone marrow biopsy showed mantle cell lymphoma. Based on the medical history, the diagnosis of progressive necrotizing xanthogranuloma with mantle cell lymphoma was confirmed. After 6 months of treatment with bendamustine combined with rituximab, there was partial alleviation of ocular symptoms in the patient.

[Study on ergonomic influencing factors of work-related muscular skeletal disorders in online delivery staff in the catering industry].

Objective: To analyze the ergonomic influencing factors of work-related muscular skeletal disorders (WMSD) of online delivery staff in the catering industry. Methods: In October 2019, 137 online delivery staff in the catering industry from Nangang District, Xiangfang District and Songbei District in Harbin were investigated by questionnaire and vibration test. The influencing factors of the occurrence of WMSD among online delivery staff were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Among the 137 subjects, 93 (67.9%) had WMSD, and the prevalence rates of neck (35.8%, 49/137) and shoulder (35.8%, 49/137) were highest. The whole-body vibration (WBV) A (8) and hand-arm vibration (HAV) A (8) of the subjects were 0.43 (0.16, 0.87) m/s(2) and 2.25 (1.22, 6.35) m/s(2), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high HAV A (8) was significant risk factor for WMSD of online delivery staff (OR=3.053, 95%CI: 1.126-8.280) , daily riding time≤6 h and working years during12-18 months were protective factors for WMSD of online delivery staff (OR=0.175, 95%CI: 0.052-0.581; OR=0.152, 95%CI: 0.040-0.567) . Conclusion: The high incidence of WMSD for online delivery staff in the catering industry is mainly related to HAV, daily riding time and working years. Researchers need to strengthen the research on the transportation, helmets and other work equipment and task arrangements of online delivery staff in order to improve the labor safety of online delivery staff.

[Efficacy and safety of Changsulin® compared with Lantus® in type 2 diabetes: a phase â ¢ multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel, controlled clinical trial].

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of Changsulin® with Lantus® in treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This was a phase Ⅲ, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, active-controlled clinical trial. A total of 578 participants with T2DM inadequately controlled on oral hypoglycemic agents were randomized 3∶1 to Changsulin® or Lantus® treatment for 24 weeks. The efficacy measures included changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG), 8-point self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) profiles from baseline, and proportions of subjects achieving targets of HbA1c and FPG. The safety outcomes included rates of hypoglycemia, adverse events (AEs) and anti-insulin glargine antibody. Results: After 24 weeks of treatment, mean HbAlc decreased 1.16% and 1.25%, FPG decreased 3.05 mmol/L and 2.90 mmol/L, 2hPG decreased 2.49 mmol/L and 2.38 mmol/L in Changsulin® and in Lantus®, respectively. No significant differences could be viewed in above parameters between the two groups (all P>0.05). There were also no significant differences between Changsulin® and Lantus® in 8-point SMBG profiles from baseline and proportions of subjects achieving the targets of HbA1c and FPG (all P>0.05). The rates of total hypoglycemia (38.00% and 39.01% for Changsulin® and Lantus®, respectively) and nocturnal hypoglycemia (17.25% and 16.31% for Changsulin® and Lantus®, respectively) were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). Most of the hypoglycemia events were asymptomatic, and no severe hypoglycemia were found in both groups. No differences were observed in rates of AEs (61.77% vs.52.48%) and anti-insulin glargine antibody (after 24 weeks of treatment, 6.91% vs.3.65%) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Changsulin® shows similar efficacy and safety profiles compared with Lantus® and Changsulin® treatment was well tolerated in patients with T2DM.

[Inhibitory effect of DAPT on Notch signaling pathway in curcumin mediated photodynamic therapy for cervical cancer xenografts in nude mice].

Objective: Curcumin was used as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy on cervical cancer xenografts in nude mice.Analysis the expression changes of Notch and downstream gene as NF-κB and VEGF before and after DAPT inhibition of Notch signaling pathway in vivo experiments.Our aim was to investigate the possible mechanism of Notch signaling pathway in the treatment of cervical cancer with PDT. Methods: A cervical cancer model of nude mice was established by subcutaneous inoculation of human cervical cancer Me180 cells 200 µl.After the success of the model, the experimental animals were divided into 4 groups (model group, curcumin PDT group, simple DAPT group, curcumin-PDT+ DAPT group), each group was 12.Tumor volume changes were analyzed and HE staining was observed in each group.MRNA and protein expression of Notch1 and its downstream NF-κB, VEGF were detected by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot before and after inhibition of Notch signaling pathway by DAPT. Results: Except the control group, the tumor volume of the other three groups remained unchanged or slightly reduced after 1-7 days of treatment.The difference was significant (P<0.05). HE staining showed the most obvious necrosis of curcumin-PDT group with DAPT.Both DAPT and curcumin-PDT could reduce the expression level of Notch1 in mRNA.The inhibition rates were 42.17% and 40.54%, respectively.And the inhibitory effect of curcumin-PDT with DAPT on Notch-1 was the strongest (79.22%) (P<0.01), and two of them had synergistic effect after combination with curcumin-PDT.But the expression of Notch-2 has no obvious inhibitory effect (P>0.05). Both DAPT and curcumin-PDT can inhibit the protein expression of Notch1, NF-κB and VEGF, and two of them have synergistic effect after combined use. Conclusions: DAPT can effectively block the Notch signaling pathway and inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cell line Me180.The application of DAPT to inhibit Notch signaling pathway after photodynamic therapy can achieve synergistic effect, which is mainly related to the down-regulation of the expression of Notch1 and NF-κB.Notch signaling pathway may be one of the targets of curcumin-PDT photodynamic therapy.

A multicentre demonstration project to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of the web-based Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) programme with or without nurse support in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes.

AIMS: To test the hypothesis that delivery of integrated care augmented by a web-based disease management programme and nurse coordinator would improve treatment target attainment and health-related behaviour. METHODS: The web-based Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) and Diabetes Monitoring Database (DIAMOND) portals contain identical built-in protocols to integrate structured assessment, risk stratification, personalized reporting and decision support. The JADE portal contains an additional module to facilitate structured follow-up visits. Between January 2009 and September 2010, 3586 Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes from six sites in China were randomized to DIAMOND (n = 1728) or JADE, plus nurse-coordinated follow-up visits (n = 1858) with comprehensive assessments at baseline and 12 months. The primary outcome was proportion of patients achieving ≥ 2 treatment targets (HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol (7%), blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg and LDL cholesterol < 2.6 mmol/l). RESULTS: Of 3586 participants enrolled (mean age 57 years, 54% men, median disease duration 5 years), 2559 returned for repeat assessment after a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 12.5 (4.6) months. The proportion of participants attaining ≥ 2 treatment targets increased in both groups (JADE 40.6 to 50.0%; DIAMOND 38.2 to 50.8%) and there were similar absolute reductions in HbA1c [DIAMOND -8 mmol/mol vs JADE -7 mmol/mol (-0.69 vs -0.62%)] and LDL cholesterol (DIAMOND -0.32 mmol/l vs JADE -0.28 mmol/l), with no between-group difference. The JADE group was more likely to self-monitor blood glucose (50.5 vs 44.2%; P = 0.005) and had fewer defaulters (25.6 vs 32.0%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Integrated care augmented by information technology improved cardiometabolic control, with additional nurse contacts reducing the default rate and enhancing self-care. (Clinical trials registry no.: NCT01274364).

Analysis of specific serum markers of colon carcinoma using a Bhattacharyya-based support vector machine.

We aimed to evaluate the specificity of 12 tumor markers related to colon carcinoma and identify the most sensitive index. Bhattacharyya distance was used to evaluate the index. Then, different index combinations were used to establish a support vector machine (SVM) diagnosis model of malignant colon carcinoma. The accuracy of the model was checked. High accuracy was assumed to indicate the high specificity of the index. The Bhattacharyya distances of carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, alpha-feto protein, and CA724 were the largest, and those of CYFRA21-І, CA125, and UGT1A83 were the second largest. The specificity of the combination of the above seven indexes was higher than that of other combinations, and the accuracy of the established SVM identification model was high. Using Bhattacharyya distance detection and establishing an SVM model based on different serum marker combinations can increase diagnostic accuracy, providing a theoretical basis for application of mathematical models in cancer diagnosis.

The Family Diet Study: a cross-sectional study into the associations between diet, food habits and body weight status in Malay families.

BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is becoming more common as Malaysia experiences rapid nutrition transition. Current evidence related to parental influences on child dietary intake and body weight status is limited. The present study aimed to report, among Malay families, the prevalence of energy mis-reporting and dietary relationships within family dyads. METHODS: The cross-sectional Family Diet Study (n = 236) was conducted at five primary schools in central of Peninsular Malaysia. Each family consisted of a Malay child, aged 8-12 years, and their main caregiver(s). Information on socio-demographics, dietary intake and anthropometry were collected. Correlations and regression analyses were used to assess dietary relationships within family dyads. RESULTS: Approximately 29.6% of the children and 75.0% parents were categorised as being overweight or obese. Intakes of nutrients and food groups were below the national recommended targets for majority of children and adults. A large proportion of energy intake mis-reporters were identified: mothers (55.5%), fathers (40.2%) and children (40.2%). Children's body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with parental BMI (fathers, r = 0.37; mothers, r = 0.34; P < 0.01). For dietary intakes, moderate-to-strong (0.35-0.72) and weak-to-moderate (0.16-0.35) correlations were found between mother-father and child-parent dyads, respectively. Multiple regression revealed that maternal percentage energy from fat (ß = 0.09, P < 0.01) explained 81% of the variation in children's fat intake. CONCLUSIONS: Clear parental dietary relationships, especially child-mother dyads, were found. Despite a significant proportion of families with members who were overweight or obese, the majority reported dietary intakes below recommended levels, distorted by energy mis-reporting. The findings of the present study can inform interventions targeting parent-child relationships to improve family dietary patterns in Malaysia.

Multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) polymorphisms may not be directly associated with response to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Our study aimed to investigate the association between multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene polymorphisms and the response to imatinib (IM) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). An electronic databases in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP were searched using combinations of keywords relating to MDR1 polymorphisms and the response to IM in CML. Studies retrieved from database searches were screened using stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Comprehensive Meta-analysis 2.0 software was utilized for all statistical analyses. In total, 186 studies were initially retrieved, and 10 studies, involving 987 CML patients, were eventually included in this meta-analysis. Results of our study revealed no significant associations between MDR1 rs1045642, rs1128503, and rs2032582 polymorphisms and major molecular response and complete molecular response in CML patients. Significant differences were observed in the genotype frequencies of MDR1 rs1128503 under homozygous, heterozygous, and recessive models, between CML patients sensitive and resistant to IM. A significant difference in genotype frequencies of MDR1 rs2032582 was also observed under allele, homozygous, heterozygous, and recessive models between CML patients sensitive and resistant to IM. In conclusion, based on our meta-analysis, the MDR1 polymorphisms, rs1045642, rs1128503, and rs2032582, are not directly correlated with the curative effect of IM treatment of CML patients.

DSBCS modulation scheme for hybrid wireless and cable television system.

This work develops and demonstrates a double sideband with optical carrier suppression (DSBCS) modulation scheme for a hybrid wireless and cable television system based on a phase modulator (PM) and a polarization beam splitter (PBS). A carrier suppression ratio greater than 20 dB is achieved between two sidebands. In addition, the values of carrier-to-noise ratio, composite second-order and composite triple beat in various channels after 25 km of transmission are higher than the threshold value, and the power penalty of microwave signal in back-to-back and 25 km transmission perform well. Additionally, the constellation diagram of upstream signal is successfully recovered. Above results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is highly promising for practical applications.

[Clinical features and prognostic analysis of testicular relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of testicular relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: Clinical data including the age, time from initial diagnosis to recurrence, relapse site, and therapeutic effect of 37 pediatric ALL with testicular relapse and treated in Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between November 2011 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were grouped according to different clinical data. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate the overall survival (OS) rate and event free survival (EFS) rate for univariate analysis, and Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to evaluate the influencing factors of OS rate and EFS rate for multivariate analysis. Results: The age at initial diagnosis of 37 pediatric testicular relapse patients was (5±3) years and the time from initial diagnosis to testicular recurrence was (37±15) months. The follow-up time was 43 (22, 56) months. Twenty-three patients (62%) were isolated testis relapse. The 5-year OS rate and EFS rate of the 37 relapsed children were (60±9) % and (50±9) % respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the 2-year EFS rate in the group of patients with time from initial diagnosis to testicular recurrence >28 months was significantly higher than those ≤28 months ((69±10)% vs. (11±11)%, P<0.05), 2-year EFS rate of the isolated testicular relapse group was significantly higher than combined relapse group ((66±11)% vs. (20±13) %, P<0.05), 2-year EFS rate of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell treatment after relapse group was significantly higher than without CAR-T cell treatment after relapse group ((78±10)% vs. (15±10)%, P<0.05). ETV6-RUNX1 was the most common genetic aberration in testicular relapsed ALL (38%, 14/37). The 4-year OS and EFS rate of patients with ETV6-RUNX1 positive were (80±13) % and (64±15) %, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified relapse occurred≤28 months after first diagnosis (HR=3.09, 95%CI 1.10-8.72), combined relapse (HR=4.26, 95%CI 1.34-13.52) and CAR-T cell therapy after relapse (HR=0.15,95%CI 0.05-0.51) were independent prognostic factors for 2-year EFS rate (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The outcome of testicular relapse in pediatric ALL was poor. They mainly occurred 3 years after initial diagnosis. ETV6-RUNX1 is the most common abnormal gene.Patients with ETV6-RUNX1 positive often have a favorable outcome. Early relapse and combined relapse indicate unfavorable prognosis, while CAR-T cell therapy could significantly improve the survival rate of children with testicular recurrence.

[Analysis of 7 cases of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with DEK-NUP214 fusion gene].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, treatment regime, and outcome of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with DEK-NUP214 fusion gene. Methods: The clinical data, genetic and molecular results, treatment process and survival status of 7 cases of DEK-NUP214 fusion gene positive AML children admitted to the Pediatric Blood Diseases Center of Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from May 2015 to February 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: DEK-NUP214 fusion gene positive AML accounted for 1.02% (7/683) of pediatric AML diagnosed in the same period, with 4 males and 3 females. The age of disease onset was 8.2 (7.5, 9.5) years. The blast percentage in bone marrow was 0.275 (0.225, 0.480), and 6 cases were M5 by FAB classification. Pathological hematopoiesis was observed in all cases except for one whose bone marrow morphology was unknown. Three cases carried FLT3-ITD mutations, 4 cases carried NRAS mutations, and 2 cases carried KRAS mutations. After diagnosis, 4 cases received IAE induction regimen (idarubicin, cytarabine and etoposide), 1 case received MAE induction regimen (mitoxantrone, cytarabine and etoposide), 1 case received DAH induction regimen (daunorubicin, cytarabine and homoharringtonine) and 1 case received DAE induction regimen (daunorubicin, cytarabine and etoposide). Complete remission was achieved in 3 cases after one course of induction. Four cases who did not achieved complete remission received CAG (aclarubicin, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor), IAH (idarubicin, cytarabine and homoharringtonine), CAG combined with cladribine, and HAG (homoharringtonine, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) combined with cladribine reinduction therapy, respectively, all 4 cases reached complete remission. Six patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after 1-2 sessions of intensive consolidation treatment, except that one case was lost to follow-up after complete remission. The time from diagnosis to HSCT was 143 (121, 174) days. Before HSCT, one case was positive for flow cytometry minimal residual disease and 3 cases were positive for DEK-NUP214 fusion gene. Three cases accepted haploid donors, 2 cases accepted unrelated cord blood donors, and 1 case accepted matched sibling donor. The follow-up time was 20.4 (12.9, 53.1) months, the overall survival and event free survival rates were all 100%. Conclusions: Pediatric AML with DEK-NUP214 fusion gene is a unique and rare subtype, often diagnosed in relatively older children. The disease is characterized with a low blast percentage in bone marrow, significant pathological hematopoiesis and a high mutation rate in FLT3-ITD and RAS genes. Low remission rate by chemotherapy only and very high recurrence rate indicate its high malignancy and poor prognosis. Early HSCT after the first complete remission can improve its prognosis.

[The relationship between classroom environment and myopia].

Objective: Based on a cohort and intervention study of the Eastern Chinese Student Surveillance, Cohort and Intervention Study (ES-SCI), this research aims to explore the correlation between monitor of the school environment and longitudinal data on myopia and provide evidence for the government myopia intervention strategy. Methods: This survey adopts the stratified cluster sampling method with the school as the unit. Students from grade 1 to grade 3 were selected according to the whole class to monitor the school environment in the classroom. Students will use the full-automatic computer optometer (TOPCON RM800) to conduct optometry from 2019 to 2021 under the condition of mydriasis to perform refractive eye examinations. Meantime eye axis length monitoring was also conducted. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to explore the relationship between school environmental monitoring and the occurrence and development of students' myopia. Results: From 2019 to 2021, 2 670 students from 77 classrooms participated in the observation study. The students' diopter after right/left eye mydriasis decreased in varying degrees (P<0.001), and the axial length of the right/left eye increased in various degrees (P<0.001). The weighted qualified rate of per capita area of primary school classrooms increased from 18.0% in 2019 to 26.0% in 2021, the weighted average illuminance pass rate of blackboard surface increased from 23.8% in 2019 to 26.4% in 2021, and the weighted average illuminance pass rate of classroom table decreased from 86.7% in 2019 to 77.5% in 2021. The trend chi-square test was significant (P<0.05). Cox proportional risk regression showed that after correcting for the grade, gender, parental myopia, diet, sleep, near work (sitting posture, working time, electronic mobile equipment, eye exercises), and outdoor activities, the per capita area of 1.36- m2 was the protective factor of eye axis length (HR=0.778, 95%CI: 0.659-0.918, P=0.003); The average reflection ratio of blackboard 0.15-0.19 was the protective factor of eye axis length (HR=0.685, 95%CI: 0.592-0.793, P<0.001); The average illumination of the blackboard 150-, 300-, 500- lx was the protective factor of the eye axis length (HR=0.456, 95%CI: 0.534-0.761, P<0.001; HR=0.794, 95%CI: 0.705-0.895, P<0.001; HR=0.690, 95%CI: 0.619-0.768, P<0.001). The blackboard evenness 0.40-0.59 was the risk factor of eye axis length (HR=1.528, 95%CI: 1.018-2.293, P=0.041), and the blackboard evenness 0.80- was the protection factor of eye axis length (HR=0.542, 95%CI: 0.404-0.726, P<0.001). The evenness of the desktop 0.40-0.59 was the protective factor of eye axis length (HR=0.820, 95%CI: 0.698-0.965, P=0.017). The average illuminance of 150-, 300-, 500- lx was the protective factor of a diopter (HR=0.638, 95%CI: 0.534-0.761, P<0.001; HR=0.911, 95%CI: 0.848-0.978, P=0.011; HR=0.750, 95%CI: 0.702-0.801, P<0.001). The average illumination of desktop 500- lx was a protective factor of a diopter (HR=0.855, 95%CI: 0.763-0.958, P=0.007). Conclusion: School environmental monitoring indicators, such as meeting per capita area standards, passing blackboard, and desk top-related indicators, all play protective effects on myopia development in students.

[Genomics of next generation sequencing in pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its impact on minimal residual disease].

Objective: To describe the gene mutation profile of newly diagnosed pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and analyze its effect on minimal residual disease (MRD). Methods: A total of 506 newly diagnosed B-ALL children treated in Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September 2018 to July 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The enrolled children were divided into MRD ≥1.00% group and <1.00% group according to MRD results on the 19th day since chemotherapy, and MRD ≥0.01% group and <0.01% group according to MRD results on the 46th day. Clinical characteristics and gene mutations of two groups were compared. Comparisons between groups were performed with chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Independent risk factors of MRD results on the 19th day and the 46th day were analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results: Among all 506 patients, there were 318 males and 188 females. On the 19th day, there were 114 patients in the MRD ≥1.00% group and 392 patients in the MRD <1.00% group. On the 46th day, there were 76 patients in the MRD ≥0.01% group and 430 patients in the MRD <0.01% group. A total of 187 gene mutations were detected in 487 (96.2%) of 506 children. The most common gene mutations were signal transduction-related KRAS gene mutations in 111 cases (22.8%) and NRAS gene mutations in 99 cases (20.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that PTPN11 (OR=1.92, 95%CI 1.00-3.63), KMT2A (OR=3.51, 95%CI 1.07-11.50) gene mutations and TEL-AML1 (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.27-0.87), BCR-ABL1 (OR=0.27, 95%CI 0.08-0.92) fusion genes and age >10 years (OR=1.91, 95%CI 1.12-3.24) were independent influencing factors for MRD ≥1.00% on the 19th day. BCORL1 (OR=2.96, 95%CI 1.18-7.44), JAK2 (OR=2.99, 95%CI 1.07-8.42) and JAK3 (OR=4.83, 95%CI 1.50-15.60) gene mutations and TEL-AML1 (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.21-0.87) fusion gene were independent influencing factors for MRD ≥0.01% on the 46th day. Conclusions: Children with B-ALL are prone to genetic mutations, with abnormalities in the RAS signaling pathway being the most common. Signal transduction related PTPN11, JAK2 and JAK3 gene mutations, epigenetic related KMT2A gene mutation and transcription factor related BCORL1 gene mutation are independent risk factors for MRD.

Clinical diagnostic performance of common laboratory indicators in primary glomerulonephritis.

OBJECTIVE: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and membranous nephropathy (MN) are common types of primary glomerulonephritis (PGD). A lack of specific clinical features makes diagnosis difficult. Kidney function indicators have been used for their diagnosis. However, the diagnostic performance of these indicators is undetermined. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate their diagnostic potential. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 101 patients with PGD were enrolled, including 50 with MN and 51 with IgAN. The healthy controls included 110 volunteers. The indicators related to kidney function, including TP, ALB, Cre, CysC, eGFR, C1q, Ure, Anti-PLA2R, complement C3, and complement C4 in serum, ACR in urine, and antinuclear antibody profile, IgG staining, IgA staining, IgM staining, C3 staining and C1q staining in tissue samples were evaluated. RESULTS: Statistical differences were found in TP, ALB, Ure, CysC, eGFR, C1q, Anti-PLA2R, complement C3, complement C4 and ACR among the three groups of subjects. ROC analysis showed that Anti-PLA2R and ACR had the highest specificity for identifying IgAN and/or MN from the healthy controls, ACR had the highest sensitivity. The Sp and Se of IgA and IgG in tissue samples for the identification of IgAN and MN were both high. Both IgAN and MN were predicted by anti-PLA2R, especially MN. In tissue samples, MN patients were more likely to be IgG positive and IgAN patients were more likely to be IgA positive. CONCLUSIONS: IgAN and MN may be differentiated using serum Anti-PLA2R, tissue IgG, and tissue IgA. Cre is only useful in middle and late stages of GPDs, ACR is an exclusion marker, and CysC and C1q cannot be used to identify MN.

Expression of anti-neuroexcitation peptide III of scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch BmK ANEP III in plants.

Anti-neuroexcitation peptide III of Buthus martensii Karsch (BmK ANEP III) has better anti-epileptic and anticonvulsive effects in the test animal models. The present study is aimed at developing transgenic tomato and tobacco lines overproducing the ANEP III protein. Using the molecular cloning technique, the plant expression vector pBI-ANEP III was constructed successfully. The ANEP III expression cassette included a double CaMV 35S promoter with omega enhancers, the ANEP III gene with the Kozak sequence, the ER retention signal and the NOS terminator. Recombinant plasmids were transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 by freeze-thaw transformation methods. By the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc transformation method, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) lines were transformed. Transformants were screened and confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. It was demonstrated that the ANEP III gene was successfully expressed in the genomic DNA of transgenic plants. The ANEP III protein was detected by immunofluorescence analysis, and the results confirmed the high amount of ANEP III protein, being 0.81 and 1.08% of total soluble proteins in transgenic tobacco and tomato. The study of plants with high expression levels of ANEP III has an important theoretical and practical significance and provides valuable information for establishing a new, economical and effective system for industrial protein production.

MiR-210 suppresses neuronal apoptosis in rats with cerebral infarction through regulating VEGF-notch signaling pathway.

This Retraction follows an Expression of Concern (https://www.europeanreview.org/article/22743) in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (17): 8621-8621-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_22743-PMID: 32964943. The article "MiR-210 suppresses neuronal apoptosis in rats with cerebral infarction through regulating VEGF-notch signaling pathway, by Y.-L. Jiang, W.-W. Liu, Y. Wang, W.-Y. Yang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (9): 4971-4978-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202005_21188-PMID: 32432760" has been withdrawn from the authors due to some inaccuracies (Some data cannot be repeated by our further research). The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/21188.

[Familial platelet disorder with predisposition to myeloid leukemia (FPD/AML): a case report and literature review].

Objective: To analyze the clinical features, bone marrow features, and gene mutations of children with familial platelet disorder with predisposition to myeloid leukemia (FPD/AML) caused by a RUNX1 germline mutation as well as their family members. Methods: The clinical data and gene mutations of a child with FPD/AML hospitalized in the Pediatric Blood Disease Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, and some family members were extracted and analyzed. The literature was searched using "RUNX1 germline mutation" and "FPD/AML" as keywords in the Chinese databases; also PubMed was reviewed until September 2020. Results: A male patient aged 5 with dermatorrhagia was admitted due to thrombocytopenia for more than 3 years. The laboratory tests revealed a peripheral blood routine (WBC 6.38×10(9)/L, HGB 113 g/L, PLT 54×10(9)/L, NEUT 4.03×10(9)/L, and MPV 9.1 fl) . Bone marrow smear revealed dysplasia of megakaryocytes. The immunohistochemistry for CD42b and CD41 highlighted small mononuclear megakaryocytes. Second generation sequencing revealed RUNX1 (exon3:c.520delC: p.R174Efs*10, NM_001001890) frameshift mutations, and its germline mutation was verified via genetic detection of oral epithelial cells. Five members of the family had blood diseases and successively died. The child's mother and maternal grandfather were sequenced for the second generation, and RUNX1 frameshift mutation was detected in the same locus as the child. However, the clinical features among them were different. A total of 37 English literatures were retrieved, and more than 70 FPD/AML families were reported. No relevant Chinese literature was retrieved. Conclusion: Runx1 germline mutations cause FPD/AML with a high risk of progression to myeloid malignancy. Family members carrying the same mutations may exhibit different clinical features and severity.

[The hematological diversity of human parvovirus B19 infection after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze hemogram and bone marrow characteristics of pediatric patients infected with parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) after hematopoietic reconstitution following allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: The clinical course of nine patients with HPV-B19 infection, including hemogram and bone marrow smear analysis during infection, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Despite the hematological heterogeneity, all patients exhibited reduced hemoglobin levels accompanied by reticulocytes. The proportion and absolute count of reticulocytes decreased by 90.4% (24.7% -98.7% ) and 90.7% (18.6% -99.0% ) , respectively, in one week. Additionally, five patients manifested a decline in neutrophil granulocyte count in peripheral blood whereas granulocytic hypoplasia was not observed in bone marrow. Furthermore, six patients exhibited megakaryocytic hypoplasia in bone marrow, including five patients with decreased platelet counts in peripheral blood. Importantly, only some patients exhibited erythroid hypoplasia although all patients exhibited a decline in hemoglobin in peripheral blood. Erythroid hypoplasia in bone marrow was present in five patients. Conclusion: There was heterogeneity in hemogram and bone marrow smear characteristics among pediatric patients infected with HPV-B19 following allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Anemia accompanied by decreased reticulocyte count should prompt screening for HPV-B19 in these patients.