Attitudes toward an HPV vaccine for condyloma acuminata and willingness to undergo vaccination among STD clinic attendees in China: Focus on STI prevention with HPV vaccine.

BACKGROUND: Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a common, and recurrent sexually transmitted disease (STD) that greatly contributes to direct health care costs and has a substantial psychosocial impact. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination (containing L1 protein for HPV types 6 and 11) effectively controls CA. OBJECTIVES: We investigated attitudes toward the HPV vaccine for CA and willingness to undergo vaccination among STD clinic attendees in China. METHODS: Attendees at STD clinics at two selected hospitals in Guangdong and Jiangsu Provinces from May to September 2017 were requested to complete a self-administered questionnaire for this cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The participants' median age was 28 years (IQR: 24.0-34.0), and the sex ratio was balanced; 63.5% were from Guangdong, 36.5% were from Jiangsu, and 44.5% had a history of CA. The vaccine acceptance rate was high among the participants (85.8%,235/274) to whom the HPV vaccine for CA was available, especially among those who had heard of CA (89.0%, AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.29-7.63, p = 0.0114). 95 (34.7%) of 274 participants had a positive attitude toward the HPV vaccine for CA. STD clinic attendees who had heard of the connection between HPV and CA (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.31-5.00, p = 0.0060), had heard of the HPV vaccines or cervical cancer vaccines (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.02-3.54, p = 0.0444) and had ever proactively discussed CA or the vaccine with others (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI:1.00-3.79, p = 0.0488) had better attitudes toward the HPV vaccine for CA. Over half of the participants (52.5%) expected the price of the HPV vaccine for CA to be under $90. CONCLUSION: The acceptance of the HPV vaccine for CA was high among STD clinic attendees in China, and the participants' self-perceived knowledge of CA and HPV was associated with better attitudes toward the HPV vaccine for CA. Education to improve knowledge is vital for reducing vaccine hesitancy.

A systematic review of the treatment of active anogenital warts with human papillomavirus vaccines.

BACKGROUND: Anogenital warts (AGWs) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) are a common manifestation of HPV infection. Treatment strategies generally include topical therapies to promote wart regression or removal through surgical or other means. These strategies are effective but are associated with high rates of recurrence. HPV vaccines are known to be effective for prevention of AGWs yet preliminary data suggest they may offer therapeutic benefit for regression of active AGWs. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of HPV vaccines for treatment of active AGWs. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted in July 2023 with no limits on date of publication. The search was supplemented with a manual review of references from identified articles and pertinent review articles. Articles were included if they reported at least one patient with active AGWs who received at least one dose of any HPV vaccine. The primary outcome of interest was complete or partial regression of AGWs over any time period. Risk of bias was assessed for each study meeting inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Seven articles were included. These included 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT), 1 non-RCT, 3 case series, and 2 case reports. All were deemed to have a high risk of bias. Study results showed evidence that HPV vaccines may offer therapeutic benefits to those with active AGWs. Studies reported outcomes for both intralesional and systemically administered vaccines. Outcomes reported improvement according to both partial and complete regression of AGWs. CONCLUSION: This review found that there is evidence that HPV vaccines may have a role in the treatment of active AGWs. Findings support the notion that the vaccine should be offered to previously unvaccinated patients but the role of intralesional administration of the vaccine to vaccinated patients is still unclear.

Knowledge and beliefs of Greek parents towards HPV infection and vaccination - are they willing to vaccinate their sons?

OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) stands as one of the prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and serves as the primary factor behind nearly all instances of cervical cancer, along with various other non-cancerous conditions like genital warts. Our objective was to explore the knowledge and beliefs of Greek parents regarding HPV infection and the vaccination of boys against HPV. METHODS: A cross-sectional study took place at a university hospital located in the Peloponnese region of Greece, from January to June 2021. The study employed convenience sampling as its methodology, and data gathering involved the distribution of self-administered questionnaires to parents who had at least one son between the ages of 9 and 18 years. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 120 individuals. 65.8 % of parents have been informed about HPV vaccination, knew that the HPV vaccine provides immunity against genital warts (50 %), and that minimum of two doses is necessary (46.7 %). 30.8 % intended to vaccinate their boys against HPV if the vaccine were available for males. The most important reasons for vaccination were the perception that both genders share equal responsibility in the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (91.7 %) and the protection against cancer (87.6 %), whereas the fear of adverse reactions and the adequate knowledge about HPV-related diseases were most reported as reasons of the intentions to not vaccinate their sons with 31.7 % and 25.8 % respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although parents participating in the study know about HPV, however, there are significant lack of knowledge regarding HPV infection and the vaccine effects, which can significantly affect the acceptance of vaccination for boys.

Effect of the human papillomavirus vaccine on the risk of genital warts: a nationwide cohort study of Korean adolescent girls.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination administered to adolescent girls through Korea's National Immunization Program. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who were 12-13 years old, whether vaccinated or unvaccinated, between July 2016 and December 2017. The incidence of genital warts (GWs) was monitored through 2021. Time-stratified hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated, adjusting for birth year, socioeconomic status, and the level of urbanization of the region, and were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data were sourced from the Immunization Registry Integration System, linked with the National Health Information Database. RESULTS: The study included 332,062 adolescent girls, with an average follow-up period of approximately 4.6 years. Except for the first year, the HRs for the vaccinated group were lower than those for the unvaccinated group. The HRs for specific cut-off years were as follows: year 2, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.31 to 1.13); year 3, 0.58 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.96); and year 4 and beyond, 0.39 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that HPV vaccination was associated with a reduction in the risk of GWs among adolescent girls. Notably, this reduction became significant as the incidence of GWs increased with age.

Can quadrivalent human papillomavirus prophylactic vaccine be an effective alternative for the therapeutic management of genital warts? an exploratory study

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the treatment effect of genital warts, we investigated the quadrivalent HPV vaccine injection compared with surgical excision. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 26 patients (M:F = 24:2) who received HPV vaccine or surgical excision. After explanation of surgical excision or HPV vaccine, 16 patients underwent surgical excision and the others received HPV vaccine injections. Based on gross findings of genital warts, treatment outcomes were classified as complete response (no wart), partial response, and failed treatment. Results: Among enrolled patients, 42% (11 / 26) patients had recurrent genital warts. In vaccination group, complete response rates of genital wart were 60% following 3 times HPV vaccine. Partial response patients wanted to excise the genital lesions before the 3 times injection, because they worried about sexual transmission of disease to their sexual partners. One patient underwent surgical excision after 3 times injection. Excision sites included suprapubic lesions, but other sites including mid-urethra and glans showed complete response after injection. At a mean follow-up period of 8.42 ± 3.27 months, 10 patients (100%) who received HPV vaccine did not show recurrence. Conclusion: The response rates after HPV vaccine injection were 90% (complete and partial). Our results suggested that HPV vaccines could be effective in management of genital warts.

Human papillomavirus vaccine efficacy in the prevention of anogenital warts: systematic review and meta-analysis / Eficacia de la vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano en la prevención de verrugas anogenitales: revisión sistemática y metanálisis

Abstract: Objective: To review evidence on the efficacy of HPV vaccines in the prevention of non-cancer lesions (anogenital warts [AGW], recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis and oral papillomatosis). Materials and methods: We conducted a systematic review of randomized trials. We performed random effect models and effects were reported as relative risks (RR) and their confidence intervals (95%CI) following both intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses. Results: We included six studies (n=27 078). One study was rated as high risk of bias. One study could not be included in the meta-analysis because it provided combined results. We found that quadrivalent vaccine reduced the risk of AGW by 62% (RR: 0.38, 95%CI:0.32-0.45, I2:0%) in the ITT analysis and by 95% (RR: 0.05, 95%CI:0.01-0.25, I2:66%) in the PP analysis. Subgroup analyses of studies in women or with low-risk of bias provided similar results. Conclusion: HPV quadrivalent vaccine is efficacious in preventing AGW in men and women.

Resumen: Objetivo: Revisar la evidencia sobre la eficacia de las vacunas contra el virus del papiloma humano en la prevención de lesiones no oncológicas (verrugas anogenitales [VAG], papilomatosis recurrente respiratoria y papilomatosis oral). Material y métodos: Realizamos una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Empleamos modelos de efectos aleatorios, calculando riesgos relativos (RR) y sus intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%), utilizando el análisis por intención a tratar (ITT) y por protocolo (PP). Resultados: Seleccionamos seis estudios (n=27 078). Un estudio tuvo alto riesgo de sesgo y otro no fue incluido en el metanálisis. La vacuna cuadrivalente reduce el riesgo de VAG en 62% (RR: 0,38; IC95%:0,32-0,45; I2:0%) en el análisis ITT y en 95% (RR: 0,05; IC95%:0,01-0,25; I2:66%) en el análisis PP. Los análisis de subgrupos (mujeres y estudios con bajo riesgo de sesgo) proporcionaron resultados similares. Conclusión. La vacuna cuadrivalente es eficaz en la prevención de VAG en hombres y mujeres.

Costo-efectividad de la vacuna tetravalente contra VPH en Argentina, a partir de un modelo dinámico de transmisión / Cost-effectiveness of quadrivalent vaccine against human papilloma virus in Argentina based on a dynamic transmission model

Objetivo. Evaluar la costo-efectividad (CE) de la vacuna tetravalente contra el virus de papiloma humano (VPH) en Argentina, desde la perspectiva del sistema de salud. Material y métodos. Se utilizó un modelo dinámico de transmisión para estimar el impacto en la incidencia de cáncer de cuello uterino (Cacu), verrugas y otras lesiones, en los años de vida ajustados por calidad (AVAC) y en costos sanitarios. Resultados. La vacuna podría reducir en 60% el riesgo de muerte por Cacu y en 67% el de padecer verrugas genitales. Comparada con no vacunar, la estrategia de vacunación mostró un beneficio incremental promedio de 0.00234 AVAC por persona a un costo incremental de 2.36 dólares, con una CE de 1007.55 dólares por AVAC ganado. Los resultados demostraron ser robustos en el análisis de sensibilidad. Conclusiones. La inmunización resultaría costo-efectiva, con una CE inferior a un producto interno bruto per cápita (15 009 dólares) por AVAC ganado.

Objective. To assess the cost-effectiveness of the quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) in Argentina from the health system perspective. Materials and methods. A dynamic transmission model was used to estimate the impact of the vaccine on the incidence of cervical cancer, warts, and other HPV related diseases; in quality adjusted life years (QALYs); and in healthcare costs. Results. Vaccination could reduce the risk of cervical cancer by 60% and by 67% the risk of genital warts. Compared to a non-vaccine scenario, the immunization strategy showed an incremental benefit of 0.00234 QALY per person at an incremental cost of US$2.36, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of US$1007.55 per QALY gained. Sensitivity analysis proved the robustness of these results. Conclusions. Immunization with the quadrivalent vaccine was a cost-effective intervention in Argentina, and it was far below the threshold of one gross domestic product per capita (US$15 009) per QALY gained.

Intervención educativa sobre el condiloma acuminado en mujeres en edad fértil / Educational intervention on condyloma acuminata in childbearing-age women

Introducción: el condiloma acuminado producido por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es una infección de transmisión sexual frecuente en las mujeres en edad fértil. Objetivo: incrementar el nivel de conocimiento de la infección por VPH. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa en mujeres en edad fértil atendidas en la consulta de ginecología del Hospital Centenario de la provincia de Camagüey...

Introduction: condyloma acuminatum caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection in women of childbearing age. Objective: to increase the level of knowledge of HPV infection. Methods: An educational intervention study was conducted in women of childbearing age assisted at the Gynecology Hospital Centenario in Camaguey province. The universe consisted of 32 patients treated in this consultation from 1. January 1st 2009 to January 31st, 2010. An initial questionnaire was given to those patients who expressed their consent in relation to knowledge about ways of infection, clinical manifestations and complications...

A vacinação contra o HPV, a intersetorialidade como processo do alcance da vacinação das adolescentes no Distrito Federal / Vaccination against HPV, the intersectionality as a process

A vacinação contra HPV em meninas entrou no rol das ações de prevenção primária visando a médio e longo prazo reduzir a incidência do câncer do colo do útero no DF.

Prevençäo da infecçäo pelo papilomavírus humano / Prevention of the human papillomavírus infection

Trata-se de uma revisäo atualizada da literatura sobre métodos de prevençäo da infecçäo por HPV. Apresenta também controvérsias e perspectivas na conduçäo do rastreio da infecçäo pelo HPV

Infeccao pelo HPV durante o ciclo gravidico-puerperal / Infection caused by HPV during the gravidic puerperal cycle

A infeccao pelo Papiloma Virus Humano (HPV) e patologia que atinge mulheres principalmente durante o periodo reprodutivo. Desse modo, sua associacao com a gestacao e usual e pode implicar em complicacoes tanto para a mae como para o feto. A principal complicacao que atinge o recem-nato e a Papilomatose Recorrente Infantil (PRI). Apesar dos neonatos estarem sob menor risco de exposicao ao HPV com a cesarea, a taxa de infeccao pelo HPV por esta via de parto e especialmente alta, e o parto cesareo pode nao ser eficaz na protecao das...